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1 – 10 of over 214000Amanda Jefferies, Marija Cubric and Mark Russell
This chapter examines the introduction of Electronic Voting Systems (EVS) at a UK university with the aim of promoting and supporting the student learning experience and moving…
Abstract
This chapter examines the introduction of Electronic Voting Systems (EVS) at a UK university with the aim of promoting and supporting the student learning experience and moving from an ‘ad hoc’ and individual basis for the use of EVS at the local school level to offering support for using and developing their use on a wider institutional basis. Following discussion of the research into EVS adoption and use, the authors propose a framework to be used by those academics and managers in higher education institutions (HEI) who are interested in introducing specific technologies to support learning, such as the EVS. The framework incorporates a three-way focus on the development of a robust technology infrastructure, the provision of support and training for those using new technologies, placed within the context of sound change management principles and thus supported by the research into these areas. Previous studies in Europe, the United States and Canada into the use of EVS as, for example, in the REAP (Re-Engineering Assessment Practices) project (Nicol & Draper, 2009) have indicated that students are enthusiastic about their use in the lecture hall and seminar room and that the creative use of EVS by academics enhances their use to stimulate and support a number of classroom interactions. To date, however, there has been a lack of research studies on institutional deployment of EVS. This work is intended to outline the salient issues and start that conversation.
The diffusion of digital radio has experienced more challenges than for digital TV regarding a digital switchover. The purpose of this paper shows on the specific case of Germany…
Abstract
Purpose
The diffusion of digital radio has experienced more challenges than for digital TV regarding a digital switchover. The purpose of this paper shows on the specific case of Germany, which difficulties the digital sound broadcasting technology of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) has been facing from several points of view. The difficulties are reviewed and outlined to overcoming different barriers and to facilitating its diffusion.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper analyses how the diffusion of digital radio is perceived by industry representatives such as radio consultants and several stakeholders along the value chain of the radio industry. In semi-structured interviews, participants describe and evaluate the challenges for DAB as digital audio broadcasting standard mainly in Germany.
Findings
After two decades of deploying digital radio in Germany, its success is still missing. Various very different aspects have prevented the diffusion of the new technology. Among various barriers, the radio industry sees missing benefits, marketing errors and a lack of inter-industrial collaboration as barriers in a retro-perspective.
Research limitations/implications
The analysis does not cover other countries, where DAB as standard was introduced. Also other standards for digital radio are not considered.
Practical implications
With referring to barriers for digital radio, there is a scope for those countries about to introduce the technology to troubleshoot the failings of overcoming barrier. An idea can emerge, how authorities and industrial stakeholders can help to facilitate the diffusion of digital radio. It also indicates the need of governmental interaction for the coordination of a technology introduction in a network industry.
Social implications
The theoretical model, referred to, gives a good overview of potential diffusion barriers as most identified problems for the German case. The model and the illustrated problems of the paper can be used in practice to manage potential diffusion problems during technology introductions.
Originality/value
There is a lack of published information about the faced challenges for the diffusion of digital radio. The retro-perspective benefits from the broad experience of participants having observed the challenges of the past decade with DAB in Germany. Additionally, the results are mapped to a theoretical framework with limits for the diffusion of innovation for generalising.
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The monograph analyses (a) the potential impact of informationtechnology (IT) on organisational issues that directly concern thepersonnel function; (b) the nature of personnel’s…
Abstract
The monograph analyses (a) the potential impact of information technology (IT) on organisational issues that directly concern the personnel function; (b) the nature of personnel’s involvement in the decision making and activities surrounding the choice and implementation of advanced technologies, and (c) their own use of IT in developing and carrying out their own range of specialist activities. The monograph attempts to explain why personnel’s involvement is often late, peripheral and reactive. Finally, an analysis is made of whether personnel specialists – or the Human Resource Management function more generally – will play a more proactive role in relation to such technologies in the future.
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Given the inherent flexibility of new technology, there is a rangeof possibilities for its utilisation in organisations. This implies, forexample, that alternatives for…
Abstract
Given the inherent flexibility of new technology, there is a range of possibilities for its utilisation in organisations. This implies, for example, that alternatives for organisation (re)structuring and job (re)design should be considered. Decisions and actions taken before the new technology actually gets introduced into the organisation also become critical. Unfortunately, this is a neglected research area. This pre‐introduction phase is termed the adoption phase of new technology. The article examines each of these two major phases, and argues that time and effort put into adoption can pay off in terms of a less‐problematic, and, hence time‐consuming and costly, introduction.
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Wilfried Niehueser and George Boak
The purpose of this paper is to examine the attitudes of employees in a company dedicated to strategic recruitment towards the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the attitudes of employees in a company dedicated to strategic recruitment towards the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into their work processes and to consider the implications for training and development.
Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews were carried out with seven employees who were using the new technology. Survey data was gathered from 109 employees who had not, at the time of the research, used the new technology.
Findings
The introduction of AI considerably improved the speed and efficiency of the work processes. The research found that those employees who had used the new technology were positive about its effects, indicating that it was easy to use, robust and highly productive. A proportion of employees who had not, at the time of the research, used the new system, were less sure that it would improve their ability to do their job. Implications for introducing such a system and for employee training are discussed.
Research limitations/implications
This is a relatively small sample in one organisation; further research should be undertaken to assess whether these findings apply more widely.
Practical implications
If these attitudes are found elsewhere, there are a number of simple, practical suggestions for how to introduce AI into similar work processes.
Originality/value
The use of AI is a topic attracting increasing interest and speculation, but there is as yet little empirical research on factors affecting its introduction and use.
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation for developing countries or latecomer enterprises in a certain industrial innovation field. Furthermore, this paper discusses the basic paradigm of the integrated leapfrogging innovation, analyzes the risk in the integrated leapfrogging mode, and describes the risk map of the integrated leapfrogging mode. Finally, taking the example of the integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation in developing China High‐speed Railway, this paper carries out the simulation analysis by employing system dynamics model.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to examine the impact of the integrated leapfrogging innovation risk on innovative achievements, main risk variables need to be extracted from the process of the integrated leapfrogging innovation, based on the system simulation, relationships among different variables and the impact on innovative achievements can be obtained.
Findings
To prevent the risk of the integrated leapfrogging innovation across the innovation, the first thing we need to improve is the contractual relationship, which is to be fair and reasonable, according to the symmetry principles of risks and benefits, and to achieve risk‐sharing and revenue sharing, in addition, all parties must be clear about their responsibilities and interests. The second is the reasonable position of the government's behavior, and it hints that the government cannot interfere too much, and its function is to provide service and support instead of ordering. The third is that enterprises should effectively prevent the risk of the integrated leapfrogging innovation through risk identification and risk early warning and risk pre‐control approach.
Originality/value
A new concept of integrated leapfrogging mode of technological innovation has been put forward, and the risk map of the integrated leapfrogging mode has been described. In addition, this paper proposes some suggestions to prevent the risks of the integrated leapfrogging innovation for enterprises as a reference.
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Wenxiang Sun, Jisheng Peng, Juelin Ma and Weiguo Zhong
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of Chinese technology policy, assess its technological and economic performance from the visual angle of “market in exchange…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of Chinese technology policy, assess its technological and economic performance from the visual angle of “market in exchange for technology” strategy.
Design/methodology/approach
A quantified method based on policy contents from policy power, policy goals and policy means was developed to build a policy database, and analyze the evolutionary tendency of Chinese technology policy. In addition, econometric models were built to assess the performance of technology policy.
Findings
The critical goals of Chinese technology policy are introducing technology directly or indirectly by introducing foreign investment and innovation, but the critical linkage between introduction and innovation‐technology absorption was absent – almost all policy means aim at the introduction of foreign investment and innovation but not technology absorption. More unfortunately, the econometric results show that introduction of foreign investment contributes little, while technology absorption contributes much more. Institutional path‐dependence and the competition for benefits among different departments have aggravated an already unbalanced emphasis on technology policies during the reform.
Research limitations/implications
During the quantification of technology policy, one perhaps loses some information about policy, and it can only be used to analyze the technology policy system, not special technology policy.
Practical implications
Analyses of the evolution of Chinese technology policy and econometric results show the blunder of “market in exchange for technology” strategy from policy formulation and execution. Also, it leads to the optimization of technology policy from policy targets, implements based on national technology and innovation strategy.
Originality/value
The paper develops the method of technology policy quantification and builds econometric models to assess the contribution of technology policy to technology progress and economy development.
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Li Zhao, Jianxin Sun, Ling Zhang, Pengfei He and Qiulu Yi
This study explores the effects of different types of technology lock-in on enterprise innovation performance. On this basis, the authors aim to provide technological innovation…
Abstract
Purpose
This study explores the effects of different types of technology lock-in on enterprise innovation performance. On this basis, the authors aim to provide technological innovation suggestions for the long-term development of Chinese enterprises.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 211 high-tech enterprises in China were taken as the research sample. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys and secondhand data. Linear and nonlinear regression models were used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
Different types of technology lock-in had different effects on enterprise innovation performance. Initiative lock-in and passive lock-in showed an inverted U-shaped relationship with innovation performance. Economies of scale were positively correlated with innovation performance, while self-lock-in was negatively correlated with it.
Practical implications
This research can help enterprises reconceptualize technology lock-in. It can also help enterprises in different stages of development carry out targeted technological innovation and management strategies.
Originality/value
This research enriches our understanding of technology lock-in. By breaking with previous conceptualizations of a simple linear relationship between technology lock-in and innovation performance, this study proposes and confirms different technology lock-in has different relationships with enterprise innovation performance. This study is important for enterprises to reassess their technology lock-in state and carry out targeted technological innovation strategies. This research enriches the theory of path dependence and its combination with other theories. And this study also reveals the current research on technology lock-in is insufficient.
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Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some…
Abstract
Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.
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This paper aims to document the approach, effort and cost of advance composite technology implementation suited for small and medium enterprises on the example of composite main…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to document the approach, effort and cost of advance composite technology implementation suited for small and medium enterprises on the example of composite main rotor blade development for ILX-27 helicopter.
Design/methodology/approach
This work was carried out as part of a development project for main rotor blades used on the ILX 27 helicopter. The paper presents all stages of the design of the blade structure in parallel with composite technology development. The data were gathered and documented during project execution. The stages of R&D work in terms of labor intensity and important processes influencing quality and efficiency were assessed.
Findings
The paper provides key aspects for successful composite capability introduction. The incurred cost of equipment and staff training is evaluated. The paper also summarized the cost of composite parts manufactured with developed technology.
Practical implications
The paper provides detail example of composite capability development including basic technologies, processes, equipment and cost of the project. Presented details can be great guidelines for small and medium enterprises with the goal of composite technology introduction for aerostructures design and manufacturing.
Originality/value
This paper present clear, complete and verified process of composite capability development for aerostructures design and build suited for small and medium enterprises. It presents detail cost, calculated in Polish economy environment, of each phase and final cost of the product.
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