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The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework methodology for the assessment and improving accident data collection and analysis in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

A proposed framework methodology for accident reduction by an integrated process which includes a risk identification, assessment and reduction process is proposed for Tabuk city in KSA.

Tabuk city has a high accident rate. The proposed framework can improve the process of accident data collection and analysis and identify hot spot locations and accident severity.

It has been estimated that the annual cost of traffic accidents in Saudi Arabia exceeds six billion US dollars, in addition to other social, health and economic impacts, such as disability, rehabilitation and unemployment due to traffic accident injuries. There are not many studies, if any, in Tabuk in KSA on the investigation and development of a framework for accident reduction.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the actual demand on formal car-sharing scheme in Saudi Arabia as a means of public modes of transport in order to assess the potential future of this mode in Saudi Arabia as a policy measure.

In this context, this paper investigates the potential feasibility of introducing formal car-sharing scheme as a means of public modes of transport in Tabuk city. Investigation of the characteristics of trip makers, which impact on the decision of selecting the currently available informal car-sharing as a mode of travel, is presented. The paper investigates the factors which affect the decisions of car-sharing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using the household survey data. Discrete choice modelling techniques have been adopted in this research to investigate behaviour and attitudes to car-sharing and the binary logit model has been utilised.

From the results, in the case of Tabuk, the main factor in selection of the transport mode is the social role, and specifically the role inside the family. Results showed that about 49 per cent of total respondents drive to work, while about 20 per cent reported that they use car-sharing. About 8 per cent of respondents reported that they use a private driver, while other 8 per cent reported that they use a contracted driver.

Investigation of the potential of introducing formal car-sharing scheme in Saudi Arabia as a means of public modes of transport in Saudi Arabia which is a more sustainable mode of transport.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and model travel behaviour and attitudes for households in Saudi Arabia.

A household survey was used to collect data on household travel patterns and socio‐economic variables in the city of Tabuk in Saudi Arabia. The population of Tabuk city is just under 500,000 people, of which approximately 83 per cent are Saudi nationals and 17 per cent non‐Saudi nationals. The average household size is about six persons.

Although there have been a large number of research investigations into travel behaviour in Western countries, there is a huge lack of studies in this area in some countries, such as Saudi Arabia. The specific characteristics of socio‐economic patterns as well as travel behaviour attitudes in this country make it a very interesting and unique area, which has its own characteristics and patterns, hence the need for the research.

Although there have been a large number of research investigations into travel behaviour in the Western countries, there is a huge lack of studies in this area in some countries such as Saudi Arabia. The specific characteristics of socio‐economic patterns as well as travel behaviour attitudes in this country make it a very interesting and unique area which has its own characteristics and patterns, hence the need for the research.

This paper aims to examine the extent to which these reforms address the limitations of Saudi Arabia’s previous investment framework. Long viewed as a hostile environment in which to do business, the Saudi Government has enacted a broad sweep of measures aimed at restoring investor confidence in central aspects of the country’s evolving private law framework.

This paper offers a timely assessment of the raft of foreign investment reforms, both legislative and regulatory, that have been introduced in Saudi Arabia over the last decade.

The paper will proceed by outlining the perceived failings of the old investment regime before going on to reforms.

It will consider the remaining obstacles to the flow of foreign investment in Saudi Arabia in the context of the dual forces that have historically defined the Kingdom’s ambivalent investment law regime.

The purpose of this study is to examine how five different multi-level governance (MLG) models affect place branding (PB) performance in Saudi Arabia.

In hierarchical administrative systems, central governments exert control on PB, influencing its effectiveness. While PB as such is widely studied, the effect of MLG on PB performance in centralized administrative systems remains understudied. The study is approached as a multiple case study of nine cities.

The study reveals that different MLG models indeed affect PB performance differently. Direct access to central leadership and resources boosts branding performance, while privatization promotes flexibility with similarly positive effects. Study findings, furthermore, show that some cities are considered too big to fail. Cities such as Riyadh and Neom are of prime importance and receive plenty of resources and leadership attention, while others are considered peripheral, are under-resourced and branding performance suffers accordingly. Emerging differences in PB performance associated with different MLG models are thus likely to deepen the gap between urban economic winners and losers.

This paper introduces five MLG models based on the actors involved in PB, their interactions and their access to resources. For each model, this paper assesses other factors which may influence the effectiveness of PB as well, such as access to the national leadership and staff capacity. This research thereby adds to the literature by identifying specific factors within MLG models influencing PB performance in hierarchical administrative systems.

The general concept of public space in Saudi Arabia is relatively recent; it is the result of an attempt to modernize several conservative traditions and norms, as well as the ambitious vision of 2030, which reprioritized Saudi cities' public spaces by implementing a quality-of-life improvement program. This study aims to investigate the relationship between mosque location and surrounding urban context as a significant urban design issue in order to comprehend the potential for transforming such an element into a multifunctional public space destination in a dense urban fabric.

The study's objectives are divided into two areas: a spatial configuration analysis to examine the urban context and an urban analysis of the mosque site with a study area boundary of a 400-m buffer zone. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were utilized; in addition, a user feedback survey was conducted in which several key insights were compiled, such as the importance of safety urban element factors, aesthetic elements and green areas in the built environment in making mosques places that are active public spaces.

The study’s main finding encourages governmental institutions to change their mindset from “open space around the mosque” to “the mosque as an element within public space,” which will have a significant impact on how the authors approach, improve and redevelop existing mosque locations. Several concepts were presented that should be reconsidered and redeveloped in order to align with the most recent sustainable urban design tools; the mosque to be overlooked as a community gathering place rather than just a place for religious rituals.

This study is limited to sacred mosque sites primarily found in Islamic countries; it focuses on Saudi Arabian urban and planning practices in relation to sociocultural norms. The authors believe that increasing the number of study samples or broadening the scope of the study to include other Saudi regions or other Middle Eastern countries could yield new findings and insights.

The study offers a conceptual design model based on survey results and qualitative analysis and recommending strategies that planners, designers and policymakers can use to design successful mosque places and pedestrian-oriented developments.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the Saudi cement companies’ market share.

The data collected from the annual reports and financial statements of 12 companies.

The analysis of the production indicators showed that seven Saudi companies had a steady state of production capacity, while the other five companies had an increase in their production capacity.

The research is limited to the Saudi cement companies.

The Saudi cement companies add expenditures annually to update their managerial technologies, production equipment and machinery in plants and processes.

The Saudi cement companies must be creating more competition between the cement companies through the opportunity of developing or acquiring new technologies.

Almost three‐quarters of advertising spending in Saudi Arabia goes to print media. This condition stems from the fact that some important media for developing countries including cinema, radio, and rental video are not available for placing advertisements. Despite being an important channel for advertising, the print medium has serious problems. These problems include limited circulation, inefficient distribution, lack of readership information, and unreasonable cost of advertising space. After discussing the characteristics of various newspapers and magazines published in Saudi Arabia, places these print advertising media alternatives in proper perspective with respect to their effectiveness.

Saudi Arabian hospital performance, vis‐à‐vis patient satisfaction with service provision, has emerged as a key policy and planning concern. Keeping in view public and private hospital service quality, this article seeks to provide guidelines to the on‐going Saudi Arabian health service reorganization, which emphasizes decentralization, bed‐capacity expansion, research‐based policymaking and initiatives in the health insurance sector.

The article outlines an empirical study that compares patient satisfaction with service quality in Saudi Arabian public and private sector hospitals. The authors employ a stratified random sample (1,000 inpatients) from five Saudi Arabian public and five private hospitals. Data were collected through questionnaire using the SERVQUAL scale. For reducing the language bias the questionnaire was translated into Arabic. The response rate was 74.9 percent. Data were analyzed using SPSS and appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical techniques.

Cronbach's alpha for five service‐quality dimensions (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, safety and empathy) were high and the SERVQUAL instrument proved to be reliable, valid and appropriate. The results showed that sex, education, income and occupation were statistically significant in influencing inpatients' satisfaction, and all the null hypotheses were rejected. Only inpatient age was not significant.

The study highlights service quality influence in the design of broader healthcare strategies for Saudi Arabian public and private hospitals. It demands that management researchers and analysts must identify regional service quality consistencies and related inpatient demographic indicators.

The study offers some insights into, and guidance for, hospital quality assurance in Saudi Arabia in general and the urban hospital setting in the Middle‐East in particular.

This study aims to provide a new vision for investigating the different human resources management (HRM) practices in hotels after the COVID-19 pandemic.

A quantitative research approach was adopted using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to reveal updated priorities and relations as stated by 504 hospitality employees.

The research approach contributed to highlighting exciting findings, as training and development (T&D) had an insignificant effect on turnover intention (IT) or affective organizational commitment (AOC) following the COVID-19 pandemic; job security (JS) had the highest impact on AOC and compensation had the highest effect on TI.

Individual HRM practices have different strong impacts on employee outcomes. This paper provides human resource directors with realistic and practical implications to boost individuals' AOC and reduces their intention to quit their job in conditions of uncertainty and ambiguity.

This pioneering study reveals the influence of HRM practices in the hospitality HRM systems regarding employee attitudes and behaviors, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. It provides novel theoretical and practical contributions.