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Article
Publication date: 2 December 2019

Computer simulation of weld toe stress concentration factor sequence for fatigue analysis

Chien-Yuan Hou

The purpose of this paper is to complete fatigue analysis of welded joints considering both the crack initiation sites and crack coalescence, and to generate virtual…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to complete fatigue analysis of welded joints considering both the crack initiation sites and crack coalescence, and to generate virtual welded specimens for computer simulation of fatigue life on a specimen-by-specimen basis; knowledge regarding the weld toe stress concentration factor (SCF) sequence is essential. In this study, attempts were made to analyze the sequence and to find a simple method to generate the sequence using computers.

Design/methodology/approach

Laser scanning technique was used to acquire the real three-dimensional weld toe geometry of welded specimens. The scanned geometry was digitally sectioned, and three-dimensional finite element (FE) models of the scanned specimens were constructed and the weld toe SCF sequence was calculated. The numbers in the sequence were analyzed using a simple autoregression model and the statistical properties of the sequence were acquired.

Findings

The autoregression analysis showed the value of a weld toe SCF is linearly related to its neighboring factor with a high correlation. When a factor value at a toe location is known, the neighboring factor can be simulated by a simple linear equation with a random residual. The weld toe factor sequence can thus be formed by repeatedly using the linear equation with a residual. The generated sequence exhibits close statistical properties to those of the real sequence obtained from FE results.

Practical implications

When the weld toe SCF sequence is known, it is possible to foresee potential crack locations and the subsequent crack coalescence. The results of the current study will be the foundation for the future work on fatigue analysis of welded joints considering the effects of crack initiation site and crack coalescence.

Originality/value

The weld toe SCF sequence was rarely discussed previously because of a lack of the available data. The current study is the first work to investigate the statistical properties of the sequence and found that a simple autoregression equation can be used to perform the analysis. This study is also the first work that successfully generates a weld toe SCF sequence, which can be used to simulate virtual welded specimens.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 10 no. 6
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSI-11-2018-0086
ISSN: 1757-9864

Keywords

  • Finite element analysis
  • Metal fatigue
  • Stress concentration factor
  • Weld

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Article
Publication date: 18 December 2019

Countering “Arctification”: Dawson City’s “Sourtoe Cocktail”

Elizabeth Ann Cooper, Michelle Spinei and Alix Varnajot

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the Sourtoe Cocktail, a custom in Dawson City, Canada’s Yukon, in which participants drink a shot of alcohol with a dehydrated…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the Sourtoe Cocktail, a custom in Dawson City, Canada’s Yukon, in which participants drink a shot of alcohol with a dehydrated human toe in it. Springing from a local legend, the thrill-inducing Sourtoe Cocktail has attracted the attention of tourists. The paper reveals insights from this particular case study in order to discuss potential future tourism trends within the Arctic, especially in regard to the development of a sustainable tourism industry. Additionally, it illustrates how local communities can avoid negative effects of “Arctification.”

Design/methodology/approach

The case study is deconstructed through Dean MacCannell’s (1976) framework of sight sacralization. The Sourtoe Cocktail is analyzed based on the five stages of the framework, which helps to reveal the various elements at play at the local level. The framework specifically highlights linkages between society and the Sourtoe Cocktail as a product in order to understand how it became a tourist attraction.

Findings

The use of MacCannell’s sight sacralization framework reveals the intricate relationship of the Sourtoe Cocktail to both the Arctic and the local folklore of the Klondike Gold Rush. In addition, it is argued that the activity can serve as an example of avoiding “Arctification” processes for northern communities.

Originality/value

The originality of the study lies in the application of the sight sacralization framework to an ordinary object – a toe – instead of an object of inherent historical, aesthetic or cultural value. The paper proposes a complementary study to the recommendations provided in the Arctic Tourism in Times of Change: Seasonality report (2019) for the development of sustainable Arctic societies.

Details

Journal of Tourism Futures, vol. 6 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-01-2019-0008
ISSN: 2055-5911

Keywords

  • Sustainability
  • Tourist experience
  • Arctic tourism
  • Arctification
  • Sight sacralization

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Case study
Publication date: 17 October 2012

Tips & Toes: a total reward strategy fuels growth

A. Isakovic Adrienne and Al Mansoori Fatima

Human resources (compensation, total rewards, employee engagement, training and development), strategy.

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Abstract

Subject area

Human resources (compensation, total rewards, employee engagement, training and development), strategy.

Study level/applicability

Undergraduate HRM majors and postgraduate business and management.

Case overview

This case highlights the strong growth and expansion of a former small to medium-sized enterprise (SME) in the United Arab Emirates, Tips & Toes. The company is a leader in the beauty and fitness service industry, and much of its growth and success is attributable to the leadership of its general manager and her implementation of a differentiation strategy, a market innovator in concepts, products and services, and a total rewards system for engaging and retaining employees. Tips & Toes is planning for continued, aggressive growth and expansion over the next five years. This case also highlights an underrepresented area of focus for case studies: women-led businesses, SMEs, and entrepreneurship and innovation.

Expected learning outcomes

The main focus of this case is for students to examine the beneftts of using a total rewards strategy to engage and retain employees, and more importantly to see the links between such a strategy and business and revenue growth. This is particularly a salient learning point for students in emerging markets, where more traditional types of compensation and views of the employment contract tend to prevail. In addition, this case could be used as a supplementary learning experience regarding strategy and strategic focus of an organization (i.e. the Treacy and Wiersema model of product leadership, customer intimacy, or operational excellence as a strategic discipline for a firm). And finally, this case provides an example of a woman-led organization which grew out of SME status into a market leader; this example provides students with insight into workable entrepreneur opportunities to which they might not see a direct linkage when reading case studies of large multinational organizations or conglomerates.

Supplementary materials

Teaching notes are available; please consult your librarian for access.

Details

Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, vol. 2 no. 8
Type: Case Study
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/20450621211289458
ISSN: 2045-0621

Keywords

  • Total rewards strategy
  • Employee engagement
  • Women entrepreneurs
  • Small to medium-sized enterprises
  • Employee attitudes
  • Reward pay structures
  • United Arab Emirates

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Article
Publication date: 8 July 2014

Review on IT adoption: insights from recent technologies

Hemlata Gangwar, Hema Date and A.D. Raoot

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on information technology adoption in organizations to understand the need of integrated models for technology…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on information technology adoption in organizations to understand the need of integrated models for technology adoption. It further makes an attempt to identify key parameters to integrate technology acceptance model (TAM) and technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework for firm level technology adoption. This integration is intended to improve predictive power of resulting model.

Design/methodology/approach

The research papers are accessed from the popular databases from 2000 to 2012. The selected papers have addressed technology adoption in context of recent technologies such as e-commerce, ERP, RFID, EDI and knowledge management, etc. The paper attempts to review the studies based on TAM model and TOE framework to identify relevant set of variables for the adoption of these technologies in organizations.

Findings

TAM and its extended versions have high capability to explain the technology adoption while the significance of TOE framework is similarly recognized in explaining technology adoption. This review presents a holistic picture of a set of variables which can be used in the adoption of similar technologies in future. Further, the study has advocated the integration of TAM model and TOE framework to improve their explanatory power in technology adoption. The identified set of variables of TAM model and TOE framework can be used to integrate the two. Guidelines for integrating the two are also explained.

Research limitations/implications

This study provides a platform for studying adoption of similar technologies using integration of TAM and TOE.

Practical implications

The researchers and managers can use the set of variables identified for adoption of similar technologies in organizations.

Originality/value

The review presents a set of variables which can be used to study adoption of similar technologies in future.

Details

Journal of Enterprise Information Management, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEIM-08-2012-0047
ISSN: 1741-0398

Keywords

  • Information technology
  • TOE
  • Technology adoption
  • TAM

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2020

A review of challenges and opportunities of blockchain adoption for operational excellence in the UK automotive industry

Arvind Upadhyay, Julius Oluwasunkanmi Ayodele, Anil Kumar and Jose Arturo Garza-Reyes

This paper aims to explore the challenges and opportunities of blockchain technology adoption from the lens of the technological–organisational–environmental (TOE…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the challenges and opportunities of blockchain technology adoption from the lens of the technological–organisational–environmental (TOE) framework for operational excellence in the UK automotive industry context.

Design/methodology/approach

The research methodology of this study follows a systematic review approach, which analyses existing academic published research papers in the top 35 academic journals. There was no specific timeframe established for this study and shortlisting the articles through a set of used keywords. A sample of 71 articles was shortlisted and analysed to provide a discussion on technological and management challenges and opportunities of blockchain adoption from the lens of the TOE framework for operational excellence.

Findings

The findings of this study present significant theoretical and managerial implications and deep understanding for firms seeking to understand the challenges and opportunities of blockchain adoption for their operational excellence.

Research limitations/implications

The systematic literature approach was considered for the present study to explore existing academic papers on technological and management challenges and opportunities from the lens of TOE framework for operational excellence, whereas a more specified method meta-analysis can be considered for future research. The study has been explored in the UK automotive industry context, which has been considered as the limitation of generalisation across countries and industries.

Originality/value

This paper represents the most comprehensive literature study related to the technological and management challenges and opportunities of blockchain from the TOE framework angle for operational excellence.

Details

Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JGOSS-05-2020-0024
ISSN: 2398-5364

Keywords

  • Qualitative
  • Opportunities
  • Blockchain
  • Operational excellence
  • Management challenges
  • Technological
  • Opportunities of blockchain adoption

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Article
Publication date: 16 November 2020

The impact of technological-organizational-environmental (TOE) factors on firm performance: merchant’s perspective of mobile payment from Thailand’s retail and service firms

Thipa Mahakittikun, Sid Suntrayuth and Veera Bhatiasevi

This study aims to identify the impact of mobile payment on firm performance by developing a model based on the technology, organization and environment framework (TOE…

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to identify the impact of mobile payment on firm performance by developing a model based on the technology, organization and environment framework (TOE framework) including relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, innovativeness, mobile payment knowledge, critical mass, competitive pressure and external support.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from the retail and service firms in Bangkok, Thailand (n = 387). Multiple regression analysis was applied to test the proposed model and carried out in SPSS version 25.

Findings

The results indicated that the TOE factors, including relative advantage, innovativeness, mobile payment knowledge, critical mass, competitive pressures and external supports, can predict firm performance. While innovativeness is the strongest predictor of positive firm performance, on the other hand, critical mass is found to be negatively significant on firm performance.

Practical implications

This research suggests that firms that accept mobile payment can identify the positive impact on firm performance and it is important for payment service providers and the government to work closely with firms.

Originality/value

As some merchants still refuse to implement mobile payment services in their business, this current study seeks to understand the impact of mobile payment. However, not many studies are reported its impact in Southeast Asia. This study is probably the first in Thailand to examine the impact of mobile payment on firm performance in the retail and service firms.

Details

Journal of Asia Business Studies, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-01-2020-0012
ISSN: 1558-7894

Keywords

  • Thailand
  • Firm performance
  • Mobile payment
  • TOE framework
  • Merchant
  • Retail and service firms
  • Impact

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Article
Publication date: 20 May 2020

Big data analytics adoption model for small and medium enterprises

Parisa Maroufkhani, Wan Khairuzzaman Wan Ismail and Morteza Ghobakhloo

Big data analytics (BDA) is recognized as a turning point for firms to improve their performance. Although small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for every…

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Abstract

Purpose

Big data analytics (BDA) is recognized as a turning point for firms to improve their performance. Although small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for every economy, they are lagging far behind in the usage of BDA. This study aims to provide a single and unified model for the adoption of BDA among SMEs with the integration of the technology–organization–environment (TOE) model and resource-based view.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey of 112 manufacturing SMEs in Iran was conducted, and the data were analysed using structural equation modelling to test the model of this study.

Findings

The results offer evidence of a BDA mediation effect in the relationship between technological, organizational and environmental contexts, and SMEs performance. The findings also demonstrated that technological and organizational elements are the more significant determinants of BDA adoption in the context of SMEs. In addition, the result of this study confirmed that BDA adoption could enhance the financial and market performance of SMEs.

Practical implications

Providing a single unified framework of BDA adoption for SMEs enables them to appreciate the importance of most influential elements (technology, organization and environment) in the adoption of BDA. Also, this study may encourage SMEs to be more willing to use BDA in their businesses.

Originality/value

Although there are studies on BDA adoption and firm performance among large companies, there is a lack of empirical research on SMEs, in particular, based on the TOE model. SMEs differ from large companies in terms of the availability of resources and size. Therefore, this study aimed to initiate a conceptual framework of BDA adoption for SMEs to assist them to be able to take advantage of the adoption of such technology.

Details

Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, vol. 11 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-02-2020-0018
ISSN: 2053-4620

Keywords

  • SMEs
  • Big data analytics
  • Firm performance
  • Technology adoption
  • Resource-based view
  • TOE model

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Article
Publication date: 5 February 2018

Prediction of fatigue limit improvement in needle peened welded joints containing crack-like defects

Ryutaro Fueki and Koji Takahashi

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the acceptable defect size amax after needle peening (NP) and predict the fatigue limit improvement through the use of NP for an…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the acceptable defect size amax after needle peening (NP) and predict the fatigue limit improvement through the use of NP for an austenitic stainless steel welded joint containing an artificial semi-circular slit on a weld toe.

Design/methodology/approach

Residual stress and hardness distribution were measured. Microstructures around the weld toe were observed to clarify the cause for the change in hardness after NP. Finite element method analysis was used to analyze the change in the stress concentration following NP. Fracture mechanics was used to evaluate amax after NP. The fatigue limits before and after NP were predicted by determining amax for several levels of stress amplitude.

Findings

The tensile residual stress induced at the surface of the weld toe prior to NP changed to a compressive residual stress after NP. The residual stress near the surface layer after NP exceeded the yield stress prior to NP due to the increase in yield stress as a result of work hardening as well as the generation of a deformation-induced martensitic structure. The stress concentration was reduced due to the shape improvement caused by NP. The estimation value of amax after NP and the prediction results of fatigue limits were in good agreement with the fatigue test results.

Practical implications

The proposed method is useful in improving the reliability of welded joints used in large steel structures, transportation equipments and industrial machines.

Originality/value

From an engineering perspective, it is essential to estimate amax and the fatigue limit of welded joints with crack-like defects. However, it is unclear as to whether it is possible to predict amax and the effects of NP on the fatigue limit for stainless steel welded joints.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 9 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSI-03-2017-0019
ISSN: 1757-9864

Keywords

  • Surface defect
  • Stainless steel
  • Welded joint
  • Residual stress
  • Fatigue limit
  • Needle peening

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Article
Publication date: 17 September 2019

Intelligent agent technology: what affects its adoption in hotel food supply chain management?

Omar Alsetoohy, Baker Ayoun, Saleh Arous, Farida Megahed and Gihan Nabil

The study adopted a conceptualized technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) model to empirically investigate the factors affecting hotel managers’ attitudes…

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Abstract

Purpose

The study adopted a conceptualized technological, organizational and environmental (TOE) model to empirically investigate the factors affecting hotel managers’ attitudes toward intelligent agent technology (IAT) adoption in the hotel food supply chain management (HFSCM) and their intentions for future adoption.

Design/methodology/approach

In-person survey was carried out in luxury hotels in Florida.

Findings

The findings indicated that merely 5.7 per cent of hotels are fully implementing IAT. Perceived benefits, reliability, quality of human resources, information intensity and market capabilities had a statistically significant positive impact on hotel managers’ attitudes. However, complexity and cost had a negative influence on hotel managers’ attitudes toward IAT adoption in the HFSCM. Managers’ attitude further positively influences their intention to adopt.

Practical implications

The validated model helps guide hotel decision makers who are considering IAT adoption in the HFSCM. Hotels that are seeking sources for competitive advantages would better consider the TOE factors in IAT adoption prior to making a decision.

Originality/value

This is the first study that examined IAT adoption in the hotel industry from a theoretical and empirical perspective. The validated model proposed for the adoption of IAT in HFSCM enriched the TOE model and the diffusion of innovations theory.

研究目的

本论文借用科技、组织、环境(TOE)模型, 实践检验了其酒店经理在HFSCM中对智能代理科技(IAT)的使用和未来使用意向。

研究设计/方法/途径

采样地点在佛罗里达州的高级酒店, 采用面对面问卷的方式取样。

研究结果

研究结果表明, 只有百分之 5.7 的酒店全面采用 IAT。感知好处 可依赖性 人力资源的质量 信息密度 市场能力等对酒店经理的态度有积极显著效果。然而, 复杂性和成本对酒店经理在HFSCM上采用IAT有负面影响。经理态度对使用意图有进一步积极影响。

研究实践意义

本论文验证的模型对酒店决策者评估 IAT 在 HFSCM 方面的使用有着参考作用, 为了竞争优势, 酒店决策者应该考虑在决策前先考虑IAT使用的 TOE 因素。

研究原创性/价值

本论文是首篇结合理论与实践, 在酒店行业检验对 IAT 使用的文章。在 HFSCM 中IAT使用的验证模型对 TOE 模型和 DOI 理论有显著意义。

关键词

酒店食品供应链管理 智能代理科技 IAT 使用 TOE 模型 酒店科技

Details

Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-01-2018-0005
ISSN: 1757-9880

Keywords

  • TOE model
  • Hotel food supply chain management
  • Hotel technology
  • IAT adoption
  • Intelligent agent technology

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1967

THE WAGES REGULATION (BOOT AND SHOE REPAIRING) ORDER 1967

Whereas the Minister of Labour (hereafter in this Order referred to as “the Minister”) has received from the Boot and Shoe Repairing Wages Council (Great Britain) the…

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Abstract

Whereas the Minister of Labour (hereafter in this Order referred to as “the Minister”) has received from the Boot and Shoe Repairing Wages Council (Great Britain) the wages regulation proposals set out in the Schedule hereto;

Details

Managerial Law, vol. 2 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/eb021329
ISSN: 0309-0558

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