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Article
Publication date: 9 October 2017

Krithika Randhawa, Emmanuel Josserand, Jochen Schweitzer and Danielle Logue

This research paper aims to examine how open innovation (OI) intermediaries facilitate knowledge collaboration between organizations and online user communities. Drawing on a…

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Abstract

Purpose

This research paper aims to examine how open innovation (OI) intermediaries facilitate knowledge collaboration between organizations and online user communities. Drawing on a Community of Practice (CoP) perspective on knowledge, the study lays out a framework of the knowledge boundary management mechanisms (and associated practices) that intermediaries deploy in enabling client organizations to engage in online community-based OI.

Design/methodology/approach

This research is based on an exploratory case study of an OI intermediary and 18 client organizations that engage with online user communities on the intermediary’s platform. Results incorporate both the intermediary and clients’ perspective, based on analysis of intermediary and client interviews, clients’ online community projects and other archival data.

Findings

Results reveal that OI intermediaries deploy three knowledge boundary management mechanisms – syntactic, semantic and pragmatic – each underpinned by a set of practices. Together, these mechanisms enable knowledge transfer, translation and transformation, respectively, and thus lead to cumulatively richer knowledge collaboration outcomes at the organization–community boundary. The findings show that the pragmatic mechanism reinforces both semantic and syntactic mechanisms, and is hence the most critical to achieving effective knowledge collaboration in community-based OI settings.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that OI intermediaries have to implement all three boundary management mechanisms to successfully enable knowledge collaboration for community-based OI. More specifically, intermediaries need to expand their focus beyond the development of digital platforms, to include nuanced efforts at building organizational commitment to community engagement.

Originality/value

Drawing on the CoP view, this study integrates the knowledge management literature into the OI literature to conceptualize the role of OI intermediaries in shaping knowledge collaboration between organizations and communities. In engaging with the interactive nature of knowledge exchange in such multi-actor settings, this research extends the firm-centric theorization of knowledge that currently dominates the existing OI research.

Details

Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 21 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1367-3270

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 November 2018

Sudarsana Desul, Madurai Meenachi N., Thejas Venkatesh, Vijitha Gunta, Gowtham R. and Magapu Sai Baba

Ontology of a domain mainly consists of a set of concepts and their semantic relations. It is typically constructed and maintained by using ontology editors with substantial human…

Abstract

Purpose

Ontology of a domain mainly consists of a set of concepts and their semantic relations. It is typically constructed and maintained by using ontology editors with substantial human intervention. It is desirable to perform the task automatically, which has led to the development of ontology learning techniques. One of the main challenges of ontology learning from the text is to identify key concepts from the documents. A wide range of techniques for key concept extraction have been proposed but are having the limitations of low accuracy, poor performance, not so flexible and applicability to a specific domain. The propose of this study is to explore a new method to extract key concepts and to apply them to literature in the nuclear domain.

Design/methodology/approach

In this article, a novel method for key concept extraction is proposed and applied to the documents from the nuclear domain. A hybrid approach was used, which includes a combination of domain, syntactic name entity knowledge and statistical based methods. The performance of the developed method has been evaluated from the data obtained using two out of three voting logic from three domain experts by using 120 documents retrieved from SCOPUS database.

Findings

The work reported pertains to extracting concepts from the set of selected documents and aids the search for documents relating to given concepts. The results of a case study indicated that the method developed has demonstrated better metrics than Text2Onto and CFinder. The method described has the capability of extracting valid key concepts from a set of candidates with long phrases.

Research limitations/implications

The present study is restricted to literature coming out in the English language and applied to the documents from nuclear domain. It has the potential to extend to other domains also.

Practical implications

The work carried out in the current study has the potential of leading to updating International Nuclear Information System thesaurus for ontology in the nuclear domain. This can lead to efficient search methods.

Originality/value

This work is the first attempt to automatically extract key concepts from the nuclear documents. The proposed approach will address and fix the most of the problems that are existed in the current methods and thereby increase the performance.

Details

The Electronic Library, vol. 37 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-0473

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 9 April 2018

Cathrine Filstad, Boyka Simeonova and Max Visser

The purpose of this study is to investigate the crossing of knowledge and power boundaries within a bureaucratic organization by using enterprise social media (ESM). (Carlile’s

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the crossing of knowledge and power boundaries within a bureaucratic organization by using enterprise social media (ESM). (Carlile’s 2002) boundary crossing framework is used to guide this research.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews and observations in a large Norwegian public sector organization.

Findings

The authors find that investigating crossing knowledge and power boundaries by using ESM is problematic at syntactic, semantic and pragmatic levels. ESM is used predominantly for sharing, storing and retrieving explicit knowledge, which is a display of crossing the information-processing boundary. Hence, the possibilities of shifts in formal power positions where all employees can participate on equal terms is not achieved. On the contrary, as shared meaning on how to use EMS, taking the perspective of other on how to share knowledge and thus creating new knowledge practices in EMS by overcoming these knowledge barriers is not evident. Therefore, examples of crossing the semantic and pragmatic knowledge boundaries are rarely found.

Research limitations/implications

The framework could be applied to a variety of contexts to further explore the role of ESM in learning and knowledge sharing and its ability to cross power and knowledge boundaries.

Originality/value

This paper addresses a gap in the literature around discussions of power, trust, boundary crossing and the use of ESM for knowledge sharing and learning.

Details

The Learning Organization, vol. 25 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-6474

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 February 2005

David Bawden, Polona Vilar and Vlasta Zabukovec

To determine and compare approaches to the education and training of librarians for work in digital libraries. More precisely, to identify – in general terms, rather than…

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine and compare approaches to the education and training of librarians for work in digital libraries. More precisely, to identify – in general terms, rather than specifically – the important competencies required by information professionals in creating and managing digital libraries, and in facilitating their use, and to assess how these competencies are treated in LIS education and training, and therefore how the capacities of the information professions are being developed.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature analysis of the skill sets required by librarians working with digital materials. Evaluation of formal education and of professional development programmes in the UK and in Slovenia, to assess how these needs are being met.

Findings

Both formal education and continuing development training are adapting to cover aspects of the digital library environment, both in the UK and in Slovenia. This is happening as part of the normal process of the redesign of degree programmes and of training courses. Digital library skills and knowledge – embodying conceptual, semantic, syntactic and technical aspects – are being included in existing courses, for the most part, rather than in entities labelled “digital library”. This approach has strengths and also weaknesses. While there is some agreement on core topics, there is much variation in how they are presented, and in the relative importance given to them.

Research limitations/implications

Based on comparison of education and training programmes in two countries, the UK and Slovenia.

Practical implications

Recommendations for curricula are made.

Originality/value

Provides an insight into education and training needs in a developing and important area.

Details

Aslib Proceedings, vol. 57 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0001-253X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 April 2019

Ömer Demir and Süleyman Sadi Seferoğlu

The lack of a reliable and valid measurement tool for coding achievement emerges as a major problem in Turkey. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a Scratch-based…

Abstract

Purpose

The lack of a reliable and valid measurement tool for coding achievement emerges as a major problem in Turkey. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a Scratch-based coding achievement test.

Design/methodology/approach

Initially, an item pool with 31 items was created. The item pool was classified within the framework of Bayman and Mayer’s (1988) types of coding knowledge to support content validity of the test. Then the item pool was applied to 186 volunteer undergraduates at Hacettepe University during the spring semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. Subsequently, the item analysis was conducted for construct validity of the test.

Findings

In all, 13 items were discarded from the test, leaving a total of 18 items. Out of the 18-item version of the coding achievement test, 4, 5 and 9 items measured syntactic, conceptual and strategic knowledge, respectively, among the types of coding knowledge. Furthermore, average item discrimination index (0.531), average item difficulty index (0.541) and Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient (0.801) of the test were calculated.

Practical implications

Scratch users, especially those who are taking introductory courses at Turkish universities, could benefit from a reliable and valid coding achievement test developed in this study.

Originality/value

This paper has theoretical and practical value, as it provides detailed developmental stages of a reliable and valid Scratch-based coding achievement test.

Details

Information and Learning Sciences, vol. 120 no. 5/6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-5348

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 November 2023

Wagdi Rashad Ali Bin-Hady, Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal and Samia Khalifa Abdullah

English as a foreign langauge (EFL) students find it difficult to apply the theoretical knowledge they acquire on translation in the practical world. Therefore, this study…

Abstract

Purpose

English as a foreign langauge (EFL) students find it difficult to apply the theoretical knowledge they acquire on translation in the practical world. Therefore, this study explored if training in pretranslation techniques (PTTs) (syntactic parsing) as suggested by Almanna (2018) could improve the translation proficiency of Yemeni EFL students. Moreover, the study also assessed which of the PTTs the intervention helped to develop.

Design/methodology/approach

The study adopted a primarily experimental pre- and posttests research design, and the sample comprised of an intake class with 16 students enrolled in the fourth year, Bachelor in Education (B.Ed), Hadhramout University. Six participants were also interviewed to gather the students' perceptions on using PTTs.

Findings

Results showed that students' performance in translation developed significantly (Sig. = 0.002). All the six PTTs showed development, though subject, tense and aspect developed more significantly (Sig. = 0.034, 0.002, 0.001 respectively). Finally, the study reported students' positive perceptions on the importance of using PTTs before doing any translation tasks.

Originality/value

One of the recurrent errors that can be noticed in Yemeni EFL students' production is their inability to transfer the grammatical elements of sentences from L1 (Arabic) into L2 (English) or the visa versa. The researchers thought though translation is more than the syntactic transmission of one language into another, analyzing the elements of sentences using syntactic and semantic parsing can help students to produce acceptable texts in the target language. These claims would be proved or refuted after analyzing the experiment result of the present study.

Details

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2050-7003

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 December 2020

Mahrane Hofaidhllaoui, Temna Satouri, Mourad Chouki and Ali Smida

The purpose of this paper is to coordinate the different stages involved in designing a “CSR approach” in order to visualize and analyze micro-contradictions occurring between…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to coordinate the different stages involved in designing a “CSR approach” in order to visualize and analyze micro-contradictions occurring between players in a multidisciplinary team.

Design/methodology/approach

This intervention research project was spread over three years and conducted within an establishment for dependent elderly people (EDE).

Findings

This research extends Engeström's work to highlight the micro-contradictions identified and their nature. These micro-contradictions are reduced and investigated through mediator artifacts incorporating new knowledge.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of the research study is that the authors were unable to completely validate Engeström's model, including the notion of instrument. The actors involved all belong to the same organization and use the same tools. This study would be worth repeating with a project team featuring actors from different organizations in order to grasp the concept of instruments used by individual actors.

Practical implications

On the managerial front, the authors draw managers' attention to the importance of collaborative construction of management tools, which can improve the governance of their organizations.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper is based on the opportunity for the long-term analysis of the relationship between potential disturbances and the generation of new knowledge during collaborative work involving a multidisciplinary team. This study is useful for this type of establishment, especially within the context of the current health crisis.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 59 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 8 August 2005

Daniela Lucangeli, Patrizio Tressoldi and Chiara De Candia

Italian epidemiological data reveal a large discrepancy between the incidence of learning disabilities in mathematics and simple difficulties in mathematics. The incidence of…

Abstract

Italian epidemiological data reveal a large discrepancy between the incidence of learning disabilities in mathematics and simple difficulties in mathematics. The incidence of dyscalculia (specific learning disability in mathematics) is about 2%, whereas the incidence of students with difficulties in arithmetic is surprisingly greater, estimated by teachers to be about five students out of 25 (that is, 20%). This unexpectedly high number of students with difficulties invites serious consideration of its cause and remedy. In this chapter, we try to answer to these questions in the light of two educational studies aimed at improving calculation abilities and the outcome of an intervention with three single cases with dyscalculia using the model and the materials of an innovative arithmetical curriculum. The results suggest that for most children, their arithmetic difficulties are simple consequences of their math instruction, which may be remediated by integrating traditional math curricula with information derived from the research on the cognitive arithmetical architecture and its development. There are also implications that even the arithmetical difficulties of dyscalculic children may be improved with special training focused on their specific impairments revealed after a detailed assessment.

Details

Cognition and Learning in Diverse Settings
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-353-2

Article
Publication date: 1 December 1995

Sayed M. Elsayed‐Elkhouly

Proposes ways to improve human‐computer interaction by presentingsystem information to users in ways which conform to their own learningmodels. First, describes problems of novice…

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Abstract

Proposes ways to improve human‐computer interaction by presenting system information to users in ways which conform to their own learning models. First, describes problems of novice users and makes recommendations for addressing their difficulties, then relates types of computer presentation media to users′ learning styles. Concludes that some problems encountered by novice users can be overcome by presenting information in ways that users easily understand.

Details

Logistics Information Management, vol. 8 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-6053

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 October 2018

Payal Sharma and Jagwinder Singh Pandher

The quality of education depends upon the quality of teachers, i.e. professional competence. The purpose of this paper is to empirically identify the state of faculty’s quality in…

Abstract

Purpose

The quality of education depends upon the quality of teachers, i.e. professional competence. The purpose of this paper is to empirically identify the state of faculty’s quality in technical higher education institutions of Punjab (India) in terms of their competences. Later, differences in the quality of the faculty of both public (government funded) and private (partially or not funded by government) technical institutions were examined.

Design/methodology/approach

In total, 35 technical institutes were selected to conduct a field survey and total 594 respondents including teachers, students and administrators had responded to the present study from different departments of engineering and management. The state of faculty’s quality in terms of their competences has been examined through confirmatory factor analysis in AMOS 20.0. Discriminant analysis in SPSS 20.0 has been performed to find the differences in faculty of both the public and private sectors.

Findings

This paper provides a broader picture of the poor quality of teachers in technical institutions of Punjab (India) in terms of lacking most of the competencies. The study also reveals significant differences in the faculty of both public and private sector institutes in terms of select competences.

Originality/value

This paper demonstrates an alarming stage of poor-quality state of teachers. Therefore, educational administrators and policy makers need to show their concern for the improvement of teachers’ quality in technical higher education institutions of Punjab (India).

Details

Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, vol. 8 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2042-3896

Keywords

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