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1 – 10 of 618Seema Saini, Utkarsh Kumar and Wasim Ahmad
To the best of our knowledge, no study has examined credit cycle synchronizations in the context of emerging economies. Studying the credit cycles synchronization across BRICS…
Abstract
Purpose
To the best of our knowledge, no study has examined credit cycle synchronizations in the context of emerging economies. Studying the credit cycles synchronization across BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries is crucial given the magnitude of trade and financial integration among member counties. The enormity of the trade and financial linkages among BRICS countries and growth spillovers from emerging economies to advanced and low-income countries provide the rationale and motivation to study the synchronization of credit cycles across BRICS.
Design/methodology/approach
The study investigates the credit cycles coherence across BRICS economies from 1996Q2 to 2020Q4. The synchronization analysis is done using the noval wavelet approach. The analysis examines not only the coherence but also the extent of credit cycle synchronization that varies across frequencies and over time among different pairs of nations.
Findings
The authors find heterogeneity in the credit cycles' synchronization among the member nations. China and India are very much in sync with the other BRICS countries. China's high-frequency credit cycle mostly leads the other countries' credit cycles before the global financial crisis and shows a mix of lead/lag relationships post-financial crisis. Interestingly, most of the time, India's low-frequency credit cycles lead the member countries' credit cycles, and Brazil's low frequency credit cycle lag behind the other BRICS countries' credit cycles, except for Russia. The results are crucial from the macroprudential policymaker's perspective.
Research limitations/implications
The empirical design is applicable to a similar set of countries and may not directly fit each emerging economy.
Practical implications
The findings will help understand the marked deepening of trade, technology, investment and financial interdependence across the world. BRICS acronym requires no introduction, but such analysis may help understand the interaction at the monetary policy level.
Originality/value
This is the first study that highlights the need to understand the credit variable interactions for BRICS nations.
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Alcides Padilla and Jorge David Quintero Otero
This article offers a review of the literature on regional business cycles (BCs) in emerging economies. The objective is synthesizing the existing studies based on theoretical…
Abstract
Purpose
This article offers a review of the literature on regional business cycles (BCs) in emerging economies. The objective is synthesizing the existing studies based on theoretical, empirical and methodological approaches.
Design/methodology/approach
The methodological framework includes the following stages: research questions, bibliography location, the selection of articles and the evaluation of the literature, analysis and synthesis, and the reporting and use of results.
Findings
The evidence suggests that expansionary phases last longer than recessions'; public expenditure shows a pro-cyclical behavior; and factors such as productive structure and international trade explain the synchronization of regional BCs.
Originality/value
Up until now, there is no research that performs a review of regional BCs in emerging economics.
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Guoqin Gao, Jun Sun and Yuanyuan Cao
This paper aims to solve the problems of the synchronization between branches and the uncertainties such as joint friction, load variation and external interference of a hybrid…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to solve the problems of the synchronization between branches and the uncertainties such as joint friction, load variation and external interference of a hybrid mechanism. The controller is used to improve the synchronization and robustness of the hybrid mechanism system and achieve both finite time convergence and chattering-free sliding mode.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the dynamic model of hybrid mechanism containing lumped uncertainties is formulated by the Lagrange method, and a composite error based on coupling synchronization error and the end-effector tracking error is set up in the task space. Then, by combining the finite time super twisting sliding mode control algorithm, a composite error-based finite time super twisting sliding mode synchronous control law is designed to make the end-effector tracking error and coupling synchronization error achieve better tracking performance and convergence performance. Finally, the Lyapunov stability of the control law and the finite-time convergence of the composite error are proved theoretically.
Findings
To verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method, simulations and experiments for the prototype system of the hybrid mechanism are conducted. The results show that the proposed control method can achieve better tracking performance and convergence performance.
Originality/value
This is a new innovation for a hybrid mechanism containing lumped uncertainties to improve the robustness, convergence performance, tracking performance and synchronization of the system.
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Zuanbo Zhou, Wenxin Yu, Junnian Wang, Yanming Zhao and Meiting Liu
With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional…
Abstract
Purpose
With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic secure communication circuit with sliding mode synchronous based on microcontroller (MCU).
Design/methodology/approach
First, a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic system for encryption is constructed. The approximate numerical solution of fractional-order chaotic system is calculated by Adomian decomposition method, and the phase diagram is obtained. Then, combined with the complexity and 0–1 test algorithm, the parameters of fractional-order chaotic system for encryption are selected. In addition, a sliding mode controller based on the new reaching law is constructed, and its stability is proved. The chaotic system can be synchronized in a short time by using sliding mode control synchronization.
Findings
The electronic circuit is implemented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed scheme.
Originality/value
It is feasible to realize fractional-order chaotic secure communication using MCU, and further reducing the synchronization error is the focus of future work.
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Seyed Hesam Hosseinizadeh Mazloumi, Alireza Moini and Mehrdad Agha Mohammad Ali Kermani
New maintenance hypotheses such as lean smart maintenance emphasized internal integration. Since the maintenance process is not fully integrated with other business processes, it…
Abstract
Purpose
New maintenance hypotheses such as lean smart maintenance emphasized internal integration. Since the maintenance process is not fully integrated with other business processes, it indicates that some of the problems in the maintenance process are caused by other departments. Additionally, nothing can be managed or improved without first measuring it. In order to enhance internal integration, this study developed a model that makes use of information systems data to examine synchronization and collaboration across departments engaged in maintenance operations.
Design/methodology/approach
This research connects maintenance management and business process management through information systems. A conceptual module model based on CMMS is proposed that will use data which are already available in CMMS and, using process mining, will assess the level of synchronization between departments within an organization.
Findings
This conceptual model will serve as a roadmap for creating better value-added CMMS software. This system operates as a performance measurement tool in three majors, including organizational analysis, workflow analysis and eventually, a future simulation of maintenance processes. This module will serve as a decision support system, highlighting opportunities for improvement in maintenance processes.
Originality/value
A practical guideline is provided for the future development of CMMSs and their enhancement to intelligence. All assumptions are based on maintenance theories, techniques for measuring maintenance performance and business process management and process mining.
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The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel event-triggered aperiodic intermittent sliding-mode control (ETAI-SMC) algorithm for master–slave bilateral teleoperation robotic…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel event-triggered aperiodic intermittent sliding-mode control (ETAI-SMC) algorithm for master–slave bilateral teleoperation robotic systems to further save communication resources while maintaining synchronization precision.
Design/methodology/approach
By using the Lyapunov theory, a new event-triggered aperiodic intermittent sliding-mode controller is designed to synchronize master–slave robots in a discontinuous method. Unlike traditional periodic time-triggered continuous control strategy, a new ETAI condition is discussed for less communication pressure. Then, the exponential reaching law is adopted to accelerate sliding-mode variables convergence, which has a significant effect on synchronization performance. In addition, the authors use quantizers to make their algorithm have obvious progress in saving communication resources.
Findings
The proposed control algorithm performance is validated by an experiment developed on a practical bilateral teleoperation system with two PHANToM Omni robotic devices. As a result, the synchronization error is limited within a small range and the control frequency is evidently reduced. Compared with a conventional control algorithm, the experimental results illustrate that the proposed control algorithm is more sensitive to system states changes and it can further save communication resources while guaranteeing the system synchronization accuracy, which is more practical for real bilateral teleoperation robotic systems.
Originality/value
A novel ETAI-SMC for bilateral teleoperation robotic systems is proposed to find a balance between reducing the control frequency and synchronization control precision. Combining the traditional sliding-mode control algorithm with the periodic intermittent control strategy and the event-triggered control strategy has produced obvious effect on our control performance. The proposed ETAI-SMC algorithm helps the controller be more sensitive to system states changes, which makes it possible to achieve precise control with lower control frequency. Moreover, we design an environment contact force feedback algorithm for operators to improve the perception of the slave robot working environment. In addition, quantizers and the exponential convergence law are adopted to help the proposed algorithm perform better in saving communication resources and improving synchronization precision.
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Xinxing Yin, Juan Chen, Wenxin Yu, Yuan Huang, Wenxiang Wei, Xinjie Xiang and Hao Yan
This study aims to improve the complexity of chaotic systems and the security accuracy of information encrypted transmission. Applying five-dimensional memristive Hopfield neural…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to improve the complexity of chaotic systems and the security accuracy of information encrypted transmission. Applying five-dimensional memristive Hopfield neural network (5D-HNN) to secure communication will greatly improve the confidentiality of signal transmission and greatly enhance the anticracking ability of the system.
Design/methodology/approach
Chaos masking: Chaos masking is the process of superimposing a message signal directly into a chaotic signal and masking the signal using the randomness of the chaotic output. Synchronous coupling: The coupled synchronization method first replicates the drive system to get the response system, and then adds the appropriate coupling term between the drive The synchronization error and the coupling term of the system will eventually converge to zero with time. The synchronization error and coupling term of the system will eventually converge to zero over time.
Findings
A 5D memristive neural network is obtained based on the original four-dimensional memristive neural network through the feedback control method. The system has five equations and contains infinite balance points. Compared with other systems, the 5D-HNN has rich dynamic behaviors, and the most unique feature is that it has multistable characteristics. First, its dissipation property, equilibrium point stability, bifurcation graph and Lyapunov exponent spectrum are analyzed to verify its chaotic state, and the system characteristics are more complex. Different dynamic characteristics can be obtained by adjusting the parameter k.
Originality/value
A new 5D memristive HNN is proposed and used in the secure communication
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In the present discourse of university politics, collegiality has come to be viewed as a slow force – seemingly inefficient and conservative compared to popular management models…
Abstract
In the present discourse of university politics, collegiality has come to be viewed as a slow force – seemingly inefficient and conservative compared to popular management models. Concerns have thus been raised regarding the future prospects of such a form of governance in a society marked by haste and acceleration. One way to bring perspectives on this contentious issue is to perceive it in the light of the long history of the university. In this article, I derive insights about the shifting state of collegial governance through a survey of an intense period of reforms in Sweden c. 1850–1920 when higher education was allegedly engaged in a process of modernization and professionalization. Drawing on recent work in historical theory and science and technology studies (STS), I revisit contests and debates on collegiality in connection to a number of governmental commissions. Focusing on the co-existence – and collisions – of multiple temporalities reveals that overcoming potential problems associated with heterogeneous rhythms required an active work of synchronization by universities in order to make them appear timely, as higher education expanded along with the mounting ambitions of national politics, focused on centralization, efficiency, and rationalization. The analysis is structured around three focal issues for which collegial ideals and practices, including their temporal characteristics, were particularly questioned: (a) the composition of the university board, (b) the employment status of professors, and (c) hiring or promotion practices. Pointing at more structural challenges, this study highlights how collegiality requires a constant maintenance paired with an awareness of its longer and complex history.
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Chun Yang, Bart Bossink and Peter Peverelli
Building on resource dependence theory and the dynamic institution-based view, this paper examines the influence of government affiliations on firm product innovation in a dynamic…
Abstract
Purpose
Building on resource dependence theory and the dynamic institution-based view, this paper examines the influence of government affiliations on firm product innovation in a dynamic institutional environment.
Design/methodology/approach
Using unique panel data of Chinese manufacturing firms covering a period of 12 years (1998–2009) with 2,564,547 firm-year observations, this study chooses the panel Tobit model with random effects to explore the influence of government affiliations on firm product innovation, followed by an analysis to test the moderation effects of dynamic institutional environments.
Findings
The study findings suggest that Chinese firms with higher-level government affiliations have a relatively high product innovation performance. It finds that this innovation stimulating effect is contingent on the dynamic nature of the institutional environment. To be specific, a high speed of institutional transition may depress the positive innovation effects of government affiliations, while a more synchronized transition speed of institutional components may enhance the positive innovation effects of firms' government affiliations.
Originality/value
This study adds to a better understanding of the drivers of product innovation in Chinese firms that are situated in environments that are characterized by institutional change, using and contributing to resource dependence theory and the dynamic institution-based view.
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Haixiao Dai, Phong Lam Nguyen and Cat Kutay
Digital learning systems are crucial for education and data collected can analyse students learning performances to improve support. The purpose of this study is to design and…
Abstract
Purpose
Digital learning systems are crucial for education and data collected can analyse students learning performances to improve support. The purpose of this study is to design and build an asynchronous hardware and software system that can store data on a local device until able to share. It was developed for staff and students at university who are using the limited internet access in areas such as remote Northern Territory. This system can asynchronously link the users’ devices and the central server at the university using unstable internet.
Design/methodology/approach
A Learning Box has been build based on minicomputer and a web learning management system (LMS). This study presents different options to create such a system and discusses various approaches for data syncing. The structure of the final setup is a Moodle (Modular Object Oriented Developmental Learning Environment) LMS on a Raspberry Pi which provides a Wi-Fi hotspot. The authors worked with lecturers from X University who work in remote Northern Territory regions to test this and provide feedback. This study also considered suitable data collection and techniques that can be used to analyse the available data to support learning analysis by the staff. This research focuses on building an asynchronous hardware and software system that can store data on a local device until able to share. It was developed for staff and students at university who are using the limited internet access in areas such as remote Northern Territory. This system can asynchronously link the users’ devices and the central server at the university using unstable internet. Digital learning systems are crucial for education, and data collected can analyse students learning performances to improve support.
Findings
The resultant system has been tested in various scenarios to ensure it is robust when students’ submissions are collected. Furthermore, issues around student familiarity and ability to use online systems have been considered due to early feedback.
Research limitations/implications
Monitoring asynchronous collaborative learning systems through analytics can assist students learning in their own time. Learning Hubs can be easily set up and maintained using micro-computers now easily available. A phone interface is sufficient for learning when video and audio submissions are supported in the LMS.
Practical implications
This study shows digital learning can be implemented in an offline environment by using a Raspberry Pi as LMS server. Offline collaborative learning in remote communities can be achieved by applying asynchronized data syncing techniques. Also asynchronized data syncing can be reliably achieved by using change logs and incremental syncing technique.
Social implications
Focus on audio and video submission allows engagement in higher education by students with lower literacy but higher practice skills. Curriculum that clearly supports the level of learning required for a job needs to be developed, and the assumption that literacy is part of the skilled job in the workplace needs to be removed.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first remote asynchronous collaborative LMS environment that has been implemented. This provides the hardware and software for opportunities to share learning remotely. Material to support low literacy students is also included.
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