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This study aims to provide an example of the intersections between resilience and innovation within the social economy. It describes the Portuguese context, boosted by a pioneering public policy focused on building resilience through innovation. The sustainable development concept usually sets multilevel relationships among the government, social investors and entrepreneurs. In this sense, the study explores the role of innovation in promoting resilience in initiatives and society that may lead to sustainability.

The authors collected the primary data through semistructured interviews with social investors and an online survey with the invested or awarded entities from 2015 to 2020. The database represents 43.63% of acknowledged Portuguese social innovative initiatives, describing a complex and multilevel result. The case also provides a unique context for deepening the understanding of popular, relevant, but still underdeveloped concepts.

The results highlight progress in overcoming social and economic challenges. This progress happens through innovative initiatives aiming to solve social problems that reflect collective interests. The data suggest a context dynamization due to an increase of 31.3% in new initiatives. This increase can potentially represent a consistent investment in resilience and sustainable development.

This paper helps to contextualize and structure information for three fragmented concepts. It relies on their combination to compensate for each other frailties, assuming that innovation can be a crucial factor for boosting sustainable development, making possible the countries’ resilience. It also argues that the literature state can result from a paradigm shift, and these features can favor this process toward a better world.

The purpose of this paper is to show that mixed methods applied sequentially provide sufficient knowledge of topics under study.

This paper conducted an analysis of a real case using descriptive statistical and regression techniques.

The present study proposes the use of the so-called “sequential mixed-modes” in survey-based market research. This technique is based on the successive application of different information collection techniques (face-to-face, telephone and internet-based surveys); it offers four fundamental advantages: increased coverage rate; higher response rate; lower costs; and greater cooperation.

In addition to the normal limitations associated with conclusions derived from case studies, the data collection was carried out in only one autonomous community (Spain) and focussed only on one theme.

Firstly, it was found that data collection through mixed sequential modes substantially increases response rates in online surveys. This is particularly important as, in recent years, data collection through the internet has become almost standard market research practice. Secondly, the sample that resulted from the joint use of the three data collection modes more accurately reflected the distinctive features of the universe under study. A third recommendation is that the use of internet-based self-administered surveys is especially promising with individuals with a higher level of education and among students.

The decrease in the response rate is one of the greatest challenges of survey-based market research, given its impact on sample representativeness. This paper addresses this problem and exposes the advantages of the sequential use of mixed modes in the collection of information.

El objetivo de la presente investigación es mostrar que los modos mixtos aplicados de manera secuencial ofrecen un conocimiento adecuado de los temas objeto de estudio.

Se realiza el análisis de un caso real mediante técnicas descriptivas y regresión.

Este trabajo presenta los denominados “modos mixtos secuenciales” en la investigación a través de encuestas. Esta técnica se basa en la aplicación sucesiva de diferentes herramientas de recogida de información (encuestas presenciales, telefónicas y por Internet) y ofrece cuatro ventajas fundamentales; (1) aumento de la tasa de cobertura; (2) mayor tasa de respuesta; (3) menores costes; y (4) mayor cooperación.

Además de las limitaciones normalmente asociadas a los estudios de caso, la recogida de información se redujo a una única comunidad autónoma (España) y un único tema.

En primer lugar, se observa que la recogida de información mediante modos mixtos secuenciales aumenta de manera sustancial la tasa de respuesta en las encuestas online. Esto es particularmente relevante en la situación actual, pues la utilización de Internet casi se ha convertido en un estándar en la investigación de mercados. En segundo lugar, la muestra final obtenida como resultado del uso de tres modos de recogida refleja de manera más ajustada las características distintivas de la población objeto de estudio. Una tercera implicación es que el uso de encuestas online de carácter autoadministrado es especialmente prometedor en individuos de mayor nivel educativo y entre estudiantes.

摘要

本文的目的是要证明，按顺序应用的混合方法为研究的主题提供了充分的知识。

本文运用描述性统计和回归技术对一个实际案例进行了分析。

本文提议使用 “顺序混合模式” 来调查市场研究。这项技术是基于连续运用不同的信息收集技术(面对面、电话和基于互联网的调查) ，它提供了四个基础性优势: 增加覆盖率; 更高的回复率; 降低成本; 和更大的协作。

除了常见的案例研究所存在的局限性之外，本文的数据收集仅在一个自治社区(西班牙)进行，并且只集中于一个主题。

首先，通过混合序列模式收集数据，大大提高了在线调查的回复率。这一点尤其重要，因为近年来，通过互联网收集数据几乎已成为标准的市场研究实践。其次，联合使用三种数据采集模式所得到的样本更准确地反映了所研究社区的鲜明特征。第三个建议是，使用基于互联网的自我管理调查对调查教育水平较高的个人和学生群体具有很大的调查前景。

回复率的下降是基于调查的市场研究面临的最大挑战之一， 因为它大大影响了样本代表性。本文解决了这一问题，并揭示了在信息收集中顺序使用混合模式的优点。

Different countries have responded to the pandemic with distinct domestic and international travel restrictions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the stringency of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) countermeasures in Japan against their G20 cohorts. Primary data were monitored at a ski resort in Kyushu regarding the social acceptance of initial COVID-19 countermeasures, ranging from hygiene and local “lockdowns” to border control measures.

The stringency of the COVID-19 countermeasures was examined using data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) and triangulated with the early stage social acceptance of survey respondents in Aso Kuju National Park in February 2020 that consisted of 165 valid Japanese language questionnaires.

An one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) identified significant differences in social acceptance for countermeasures, with more-concerned respondents agreeing more strongly with “low-tech” health protocols, such as washing hands (M = 3.7) or wearing a mask (3.4). More concerned visitors were significantly more likely to modify their travel plans (2.9) or cancel their trip altogether (2.7). Male day trippers were less likely to be concerned by the COVID-19 pandemic.

This paper's originality is derived from a triangulation of the stringency of Japan's initial COVID-19 countermeasures via a combination of comparison with G20 cohorts and social acceptance of domestic snowboarders and skiers. Moreover, by shining a light on the trade-off between public health and human rights, the paper provides a current review of the ethical dimension of a travel restriction debate that is often overlooked in the ongoing pandemic.

Social media has become an inescapable part of our lives. However, recent research suggests that excessive use of social media may lead to fatigue and users’ disengagement. This study aims to examine which brand-related factors contribute to social media fatigue (SMF) and its subsequent role on driving lurking behaviors, particularly among young consumers.

Based on survey data from 282 young users of social media, a holistic model of brand-related drivers and outcomes of SMF was tested, emphasizing the contribution of brands’ social media presence to users’ disengagement.

Research shows that branded content overload and irrelevance, as well as branded ads intrusiveness significantly impact SMF, which in turn plays a mediating role between brand-related drivers and lurking behaviors. The authors further conclude that the impact of SMF on lurking is stronger for users who follow a larger set of brands.

The study contributes to social media research by addressing its “dark side” and empirically validating the role of brands’ social media presence in developing young users’ fatigue and disengagement. The study further adds to the scant literature on SMF, which was mostly developed outside the branding field. Research also provides valuable insights to brands on how to improve their social media performance.

The purpose of this article was to identify factors impacting burnout, resilience and quality of life in rural career firefighters. In addition, sources of stress and the impact of generational differences were explored.

An exploratory cross-sectional survey was conducted at a rural career fire department.

The findings of the project indicate that the firefighters had high levels of compassion satisfaction (CS) and relatively low levels of secondary traumatic stress and burnout; displayed moderate to high psychological resilience and the majority felt moderate to high organizational support, but there was a noticeable minority who did not feel supported by the department. Findings indicate that organizational support is significantly related to both burnout and resilience. The majority of the men (88.3%) reported moderate to high risk for alcohol-related problems and over three-quarters (78.6%) reported binge drinking behavior in the past year. Qualitative findings highlight generational differences and chain of command challenges as primary stressors.

This is a unique study in that it focuses on a rural career department. What was found were issues similar to those facing urban career fire departments.

There is a growing consensus in education that schools can and should attend to students’ social-emotional development. Emerging research and popular texts indicate that students’ mindsets, beliefs, dispositions, emotions and behaviors can advance outcomes, such as college readiness, career success, mental health and relationships. Despite this growing awareness, many districts and schools are still struggling to implement strategies that develop students’ social-emotional skills. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap by examining the social-emotional learning (SEL) practices in ten middle schools with strong student-reported data on SEL outcomes, particularly for African American and Latinx students.

Case study methods, including interviews, observations and document analysis, were employed.

The authors identify six categories of common SEL practices: strategies that promote positive school climate and relationships, supporting positive behavior, use of elective courses and extracurricular activities, SEL-specific classroom practices and curricula, personnel strategies and measurement and data use. Absence of a common definition of SEL and lack of alignment among SEL practices were two challenges cited by respondents.

This is the first study to analyze SEL practices in outlier schools, with a focus on successful practices with schools that have a majority of African American and/or Latinx students.