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1 – 10 of over 7000
Article
Publication date: 1 September 1997

Gabor J. Tamasy

Data acquisition and data fusion of large numbers of sensors present unique challenges for control systems designers and applications engineers alike. In recent years the sensors

Abstract

Data acquisition and data fusion of large numbers of sensors present unique challenges for control systems designers and applications engineers alike. In recent years the sensors industry has been moving towards the use of smart sensors, fieldbus networks, and localized smart processes. Merritt Systems Inc. of Rockledge, Florida, has been in the forefront of these developments since 1987 when it started pursuing the development of large sensor networks for robotic obstacle avoidance. As a result of this work a number of unique smart sensors and network technologies have been developed which have a wide range of applications beyond robotics. These include: one of industry’s first smart sensors, smart sensor networks, PC‐based data acquisition and control systems, and novel robotic modelling and motion planning algorithms. Whenever large networks of sensors with mixed sensing media are used, this technology has far‐reaching applications to industry and the research community.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 17 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1997

Stephen J. Prosser and Ernest D.D. Schmidt

Gives a short history of “smart” in relation to the field of instrumentation. Defines the boundaries and suggests that a smart component should incorporate some combination of the…

Abstract

Gives a short history of “smart” in relation to the field of instrumentation. Defines the boundaries and suggests that a smart component should incorporate some combination of the elements of an application system which includes some element of control, computation or decision making. It should also enhance the functionality, performance or exit of the end system. Presents a number of examples of smart functionality and smart components and concludes that suppliers of sensors and actuators will take a leading role in the smart revolution.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 17 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 1995

E T Powner and F Yalcinkaya

Describes the improvements that smart sensors will bring to electronicmeasurement and control systems, and the advantages of using integratedsensors. Outlines the problems…

609

Abstract

Describes the improvements that smart sensors will bring to electronic measurement and control systems, and the advantages of using integrated sensors. Outlines the problems encountered when designing integrating electronics for use on a smart sensor chip and lists the major functions that smart sensors must perform. Concludes that the solution to many real life sensor problems will only be found when a well designed “care‐free” intelligent sensor can be produced and continues that the way to realize this concept is to combine a sensor device with a number of micro‐electronic components into a single sensor package.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 15 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2004

Vladimir Brajović and Takeo Kanade

When a sensor device is packaged together with a CPU, it is called a “smart sensor.” The sensors really become smart when the tight integration of sensing and processing results…

Abstract

When a sensor device is packaged together with a CPU, it is called a “smart sensor.” The sensors really become smart when the tight integration of sensing and processing results in an adaptive sensing system that can react to environmental conditions and consistently deliver useful measurements to a robotic system even under the harshest of the conditions. We illustrate this point with an example from our recent work on illumination‐adaptive algorithm for dynamic range compression that is well suited for an on‐chip implementation resulting in a truly smart image sensor. Our method decides on the tonal mapping for each pixel based on the signal content in pixel's local neighborhood.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 24 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

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Article
Publication date: 27 May 2014

Sylva Girtelschmid, Matthias Steinbauer, Vikash Kumar, Anna Fensel and Gabriele Kotsis

The purpose of this article is to propose and evaluate a novel system architecture for Smart City applications which uses ontology reasoning and a distributed stream processing…

1743

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this article is to propose and evaluate a novel system architecture for Smart City applications which uses ontology reasoning and a distributed stream processing framework on the cloud. In the domain of Smart City, often methodologies of semantic modeling and automated inference are applied. However, semantic models often face performance problems when applied in large scale.

Design/methodology/approach

The problem domain is addressed by using methods from Big Data processing in combination with semantic models. The architecture is designed in a way that for the Smart City model still traditional semantic models and rule engines can be used. However, sensor data occurring at such Smart Cities are pre-processed by a Big Data streaming platform to lower the workload to be processed by the rule engine.

Findings

By creating a real-world implementation of the proposed architecture and running simulations of Smart Cities of different sizes, on top of this implementation, the authors found that the combination of Big Data streaming platforms with semantic reasoning is a valid approach to the problem.

Research limitations/implications

In this article, real-world sensor data from only two buildings were extrapolated for the simulations. Obviously, real-world scenarios will have a more complex set of sensor input values, which needs to be addressed in future work.

Originality/value

The simulations show that merely using a streaming platform as a buffer for sensor input values already increases the sensor data throughput and that by applying intelligent filtering in the streaming platform, the actual number of rule executions can be limited to a minimum.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 10 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 21 April 2022

Na Zhou, Alice Chang-Richards, Kevin I-Kai Wang and Kim Natasha Dirks

This study aims to develop an architectural prototype of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS), as well as lay a technological foundation for future smart housing with improved health and…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to develop an architectural prototype of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS), as well as lay a technological foundation for future smart housing with improved health and well-being outcomes for its occupants.

Design/methodology/approach

This study deploys smart sensors to monitor the key environmental parameters of a house. Using Internet of Things technology, a prototype of a CPS has been developed for capturing the environmental conditions over time. A case study involving a property in New Zealand was undertaken to validate the prototype.

Findings

The study proposes a monitoring platform, enabled by the CPS and smart sensing devices, that collects, shares, stores, analyses and visualises indoor environment data. The reliability and accuracy of the monitoring system were enhanced by comparing the activity of house occupants with sensor data.

Research limitations/implications

Due to limited time, the prototype was tested in one house for a period of one month. Air quality was not considered in this study. However, the work suggests that such an approach provides an effective solution for government organisations and housing agencies to collect information for the purpose of assessing building thermal performance.

Originality/value

This research proposes a new lens consisting of a home environment monitoring application with health and well-being implications. It could also be used to inform the future design of healthy homes and buildings, both in New Zealand and internationally.

Details

Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology , vol. 20 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1726-0531

Keywords

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 25 October 2023

Sumesh Singh Dadwal

As the size of the population is growing and the capacity of the planet Earth is limited, human beings are searching for sustainable and technology-enabled solutions to support…

Abstract

As the size of the population is growing and the capacity of the planet Earth is limited, human beings are searching for sustainable and technology-enabled solutions to support society, ecology and economy. One of the solutions has been developing smart sustainable cities. Smart sustainable cities are cities as systems, where their infrastructure, different subsystems and different functional domains are virtually connected to the information and communication technologies (ICT) and internet via sensors and devices and the Internet of Things (IoT), to collect and process real-time Big Data and make efficient, effective and sustainable solutions for a democratic and liveable city for its various stakeholders. This chapter explores the concepts and practices of sustainable smart cities across the globe and explores the use of technologies such as IoT, Blockchain technology and Cloud computing, etc. their challenges and then presents a view on business models for sustainable smart cities.

Article
Publication date: 9 October 2019

Elham Ali Shammar and Ammar Thabit Zahary

Internet has changed radically in the way people interact in the virtual world, in their careers or social relationships. IoT technology has added a new vision to this process by…

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Abstract

Purpose

Internet has changed radically in the way people interact in the virtual world, in their careers or social relationships. IoT technology has added a new vision to this process by enabling connections between smart objects and humans, and also between smart objects themselves, which leads to anything, anytime, anywhere, and any media communications. IoT allows objects to physically see, hear, think, and perform tasks by making them talk to each other, share information and coordinate decisions. To enable the vision of IoT, it utilizes technologies such as ubiquitous computing, context awareness, RFID, WSN, embedded devices, CPS, communication technologies, and internet protocols. IoT is considered to be the future internet, which is significantly different from the Internet we use today. The purpose of this paper is to provide up-to-date literature on trends of IoT research which is driven by the need for convergence of several interdisciplinary technologies and new applications.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive IoT literature review has been performed in this paper as a survey. The survey starts by providing an overview of IoT concepts, visions and evolutions. IoT architectures are also explored. Then, the most important components of IoT are discussed including a thorough discussion of IoT operating systems such as Tiny OS, Contiki OS, FreeRTOS, and RIOT. A review of IoT applications is also presented in this paper and finally, IoT challenges that can be recently encountered by researchers are introduced.

Findings

Studies of IoT literature and projects show the disproportionate importance of technology in IoT projects, which are often driven by technological interventions rather than innovation in the business model. There are a number of serious concerns about the dangers of IoT growth, particularly in the areas of privacy and security; hence, industry and government began addressing these concerns. At the end, what makes IoT exciting is that we do not yet know the exact use cases which would have the ability to significantly influence our lives.

Originality/value

This survey provides a comprehensive literature review on IoT techniques, operating systems and trends.

Details

Library Hi Tech, vol. 38 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0737-8831

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2005

Sergey Y. Yurish, Nikolay V. Kirianaki and Ramon Pallàs‐Areny

To provide detailed information about the novel universal frequency‐to‐digital converter UFDC‐1, which can help engineers and researchers to design new digital sensors and…

Abstract

Purpose

To provide detailed information about the novel universal frequency‐to‐digital converter UFDC‐1, which can help engineers and researchers to design new digital sensors and transducers, as well as smart sensors and sensor systems.

Design/methodology/approach

The high performance of the UFDC‐1 is achieved by using four novel measuring methods for frequency‐time parameters. All existing integrated frequency‐to‐digital converters and frequency (time) output sensors have been reviewed and current design requirements for the UFDC‐1 have been formulated.

Findings

The UFDC‐1 enables the transition from traditional analog (voltage and current) sensors output to frequency‐time output. This yields a lot of benefits due to the properties of frequency as informative parameter. No output standardization is necessary, as opposed to the case of analog output sensors. Users can now work with the UFDC‐1, the same as with traditional ADCs. Sensor manufacturers can simply integrate the UFDC‐1 in microsystems and digital output sensors in order to produce serial output or bus capability.

Practical implications

The UFDC‐1 has many applications: obtaining a digital output from any frequency, period, duty‐cycle, time interval, phase‐shift, pulse number output sensors, up to one chip digital sensors design and smart (self‐adaptive) sensors, thanks to its programmable relative error and non‐redundant conversion time. The UFDC‐1 can work with any existing frequency‐time domain sensor to produce a digital output or create multiparametric smart sensors and systems.

Originality/value

This paper fulfils an identified information need and offers practical help to engineers and researchers in designing new digital sensors and transducers, as well as smart sensors and systems using a minimum of hardware.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 25 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 25 October 2023

Mohammad Raziuddin Chowdhury, Md Sakib Ullah Sourav and Rejwan Bin Sulaiman

From the perspective of any nation, rural areas generally present a comparable set of problems, such as a lack of proper healthcare, education, living conditions, wages and market…

Abstract

From the perspective of any nation, rural areas generally present a comparable set of problems, such as a lack of proper healthcare, education, living conditions, wages and market opportunities. Some nations have created and developed the concept of smart villages during the previous few decades, which effectively addresses these issues. The landscape of traditional agriculture has been radically altered by digital agriculture, which has also had a positive economic impact on farmers and those who live in rural regions by ensuring an increase in agricultural production. We explored current issues in rural areas, and the consequences of smart village applications, and then illustrate our concept of smart village from recent examples of how emerging digital agriculture trends contribute to improving agricultural production in this chapter.

Details

Technology and Talent Strategies for Sustainable Smart Cities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83753-023-6

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