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1 – 10 of over 18000Anan Zhang, Pengxiang Zhang and Yating Feng
The study aims to accomplish the short-term load forecasting for microgrids. Short-term load forecasting is a vital component of economic dispatch in microgrids, and the…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to accomplish the short-term load forecasting for microgrids. Short-term load forecasting is a vital component of economic dispatch in microgrids, and the forecasting error directly affects the economic efficiency of operation. To some extent, short-term load forecasting is more difficult in microgrids than in macrogrids.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents the method of Dragonfly Algorithm-based support vector machine (DA-SVM) to forecast the short-term load in microgrids. This method adopts the combination of penalty factor C and kernel parameters of SVM which needs to be optimized as the position of dragonfly to find the solution. It takes the forecast accuracy calculated by SVM as the current fitness value of dragonfly and the optimal position of dragonfly obtained through iteration is considered as the optimal combination of parameters C and s of SVM.
Findings
DA-SVM algorithm was used to do short-term load forecast in the microgrid of an offshore oilfield group in the Bohai Sea, China and the forecasting results were compared with those of PSO-SVM, GA-SVM and BP neural network models. The experimental results indicate that the DA-SVM algorithm has better global searching ability. In the case of study, the root mean square errors of DA-SVA are about 1.5 per cent and its computation time is saved about 50 per cent.
Originality/value
The DA-SVM model presented in this paper provides an efficient and effective method of short-term load forecasting for a microgrid electric power system.
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Mustafa Jahangoshai Rezaee, Mojtaba Dadkhah and Masoud Falahinia
This study aims to short-therm forecasting of power generation output for this purpose, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is designed to forecast the output power…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to short-therm forecasting of power generation output for this purpose, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is designed to forecast the output power of power plant based on climate factors considering wind speed and wind direction simultaneously.
Design/methodology/approach
Several methods and algorithms have been proposed for systems forecasting in various fields. One of the strongest methods for modeling complex systems is neuro-fuzzy that refers to combinations of artificial neural network and fuzzy logic. When the system becomes more complex, the conventional algorithms may fail for network training. In this paper, an integrated approach, including ANFIS and metaheuristic algorithms, is used for increasing forecast accuracy.
Findings
Power generation in power plants is dependent on various factors, especially climate factors. Operating power plant in Iran is very much influenced because of climate variation, including from tropical to subpolar, and severely varying temperature, humidity and air pressure for each region and each season. On the other hands, when wind speed and wind direction are used simultaneously, the training process does not converge, and the forecasting process is unreliable. The real case study is mentioned to show the ability of the proposed approach to remove the limitations.
Originality/value
First, ANFIS is applied for forecasting based on climate factors, including wind speed and wind direction, that have rarely been used simultaneously in previous studies. Second, the well-known and more widely used metaheuristic algorithms are applied to improve the learning process for forecasting output power and compare the results.
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Sanjeev Kumar Aggarwal, L.M. Saini and Ashwani Kumar
Several research papers related to electricity price forecasting have been reported in the leading journals in last 20 years. The purpose of this paper is to present a…
Abstract
Purpose
Several research papers related to electricity price forecasting have been reported in the leading journals in last 20 years. The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive survey and comparison of these techniques.
Design/methodology/approach
The present article provides an overview of the statistical short‐term price forecasting (STPF) models. The basic theory of these models, their further classification and their suitability to STPF has been discussed. Quantitative evaluation of the performance of these models in the framework of accuracy achieved and computation time taken has been performed. Some important observations of the literature survey and key issues regarding STPF methodologies are analyzed.
Findings
It has been observed that price forecasting accuracy of the reported models in day‐ahead markets is better as compared to that in real time markets. From a comparative analysis perspective, there is no hard evidence of out‐performance of one model over all other models on a consistent basis for a very long period. In some of the studies, linear models like dynamic regression and transfer function have shown superior performance as compared to non‐linear models like artificial neural networks (ANNs). On the other hand, recent variations in ANNs by employing wavelet transformation, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm have shown considerable improvement in forecasting accuracy. However more complex models need further comparative analysis.
Originality/value
This paper is intended to supplement the recent survey papers, in which the researchers have restricted the scope to a bibliographical survey. Whereas, in this work, after providing detailed classification and chronological evolution of the STPF techniques, a comparative summary of various price‐forecasting techniques, across different electricity markets, is presented.
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H. Winklhofer and A. Diamantopoulos
The literature on forecasting makes hardly any distinction between domestic and export sales forecasting. Based on in‐depth interviews with exporting firms, suggests that…
Abstract
The literature on forecasting makes hardly any distinction between domestic and export sales forecasting. Based on in‐depth interviews with exporting firms, suggests that companies face additional problems when preparing export sales forecasts compared to forecasts for the domestic market. More specifically, using a qualitative data analysis methodology, offers insights into actual export sales forecasting practices and forecast performance. Also links company and export characteristics to forecasting practices, developing a typology of the latter, and offers suggestions for future research in the area.
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Ariel Mutegi Mbae and Nnamdi I. Nwulu
In the daily energy dispatch process in a power system, accurate short-term electricity load forecasting is a very important tool used by spot market players. It is a critical…
Abstract
Purpose
In the daily energy dispatch process in a power system, accurate short-term electricity load forecasting is a very important tool used by spot market players. It is a critical requirement for optimal generator unit commitment, economic dispatch, system security and stability assessment, contingency and ancillary services management, reserve setting, demand side management, system maintenance and financial planning in power systems. The purpose of this study is to present an improved grey Verhulst electricity load forecasting model.
Design/methodology/approach
To test the effectiveness of the proposed model for short-term load forecast, studies made use of Kenya’s load demand data for the period from January 2014 to June 2019.
Findings
The convectional grey Verhulst forecasting model yielded a mean absolute percentage error of 7.82 per cent, whereas the improved model yielded much better results with an error of 2.96 per cent.
Practical implications
In the daily energy dispatch process in a power system, accurate short-term load forecasting is a very important tool used by spot market players. It is a critical ingredient for optimal generator unit commitment, economic dispatch, system security and stability assessment, contingency and ancillary services management, reserve setting, demand side management, system maintenance and financial planning in power systems. The fact that the model uses actual Kenya’s utility data confirms its usefulness in the practical world for both economic planning and policy matters.
Social implications
In terms of generation and transmission investments, proper load forecasting will enable utilities to make economically viable decisions. It forms a critical cog of the strategic plans for power utilities and other market players to avoid a situation of heavy stranded investment that adversely impact the final electricity prices and the other extreme scenario of expensive power shortages.
Originality/value
This research combined the use of natural logarithm and the exponential weighted moving average to improve the forecast accuracy of the grey Verhulst forecasting model.
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Sonali Shankar, P. Vigneswara Ilavarasan, Sushil Punia and Surya Prakash Singh
Better forecasting always leads to better management and planning of the operations. The container throughput data are complex and often have multiple seasonality. This makes it…
Abstract
Purpose
Better forecasting always leads to better management and planning of the operations. The container throughput data are complex and often have multiple seasonality. This makes it difficult to forecast accurately. The purpose of this paper is to forecast container throughput using deep learning methods and benchmark its performance over other traditional time-series methods.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are implemented to forecast container throughput. The container throughput data of the Port of Singapore are used for empirical analysis. The forecasting performance of the LSTM model is compared with seven different time-series forecasting methods, namely, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), simple exponential smoothing, Holt–Winter’s, error-trend-seasonality, trigonometric regressors (TBATS), neural network (NN) and ARIMA + NN. The relative error matrix is used to analyze the performance of the different models with respect to bias, accuracy and uncertainty.
Findings
The results showed that LSTM outperformed all other benchmark methods. From a statistical perspective, the Diebold–Mariano test is also conducted to further substantiate better forecasting performance of LSTM over other counterpart methods.
Originality/value
The proposed study is a contribution to the literature on the container throughput forecasting and adds value to the supply chain theory of forecasting. Second, this study explained the architecture of the deep-learning-based LSTM method and discussed in detail the steps to implement it.
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Walid Ben Omrane, Chao He, Zhongzhi Lawrence He and Samir Trabelsi
Forecasting the future movement of yield curves contains valuable information for both academic and practical issues such as bonding pricing, portfolio management, and government…
Abstract
Purpose
Forecasting the future movement of yield curves contains valuable information for both academic and practical issues such as bonding pricing, portfolio management, and government policies. The purpose of this paper is to develop a dynamic factor approach that can provide more precise and consistent forecasting results under various yield curve dynamics.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper develops a unified dynamic factor model based on Diebold and Li (2006) and Nelson and Siegel (1987) three-factor model to forecast the future movement yield curves. The authors apply the state-space model and the Kalman filter to estimate parameters and extract factors from the US yield curve data.
Findings
The authors compare both in-sample and out-of-sample performance of the dynamic approach with various existing models in the literature, and find that the dynamic factor model produces the best in-sample fit, and it dominates existing models in medium- and long-horizon yield curve forecasting performance.
Research limitations/implications
The authors find that the dynamic factor model and the Kalman filter technique should be used with caution when forecasting short maturity yields on a short time horizon, in which the Kalman filter is prone to trade off out-of-sample robustness to maintain its in-sample efficiency.
Practical implications
Bond analysts and portfolio managers can use the dynamic approach to do a more accurate forecast of yield curve movements.
Social implications
The enhanced forecasting approach also equips the government with a valuable tool in setting macroeconomic policies.
Originality/value
The dynamic factor approach is original in capturing the level, slope, and curvature of yield curves in that the decay rate is set as a free parameter to be estimated from yield curve data, instead of setting it to be a fixed rate as in the existing literature. The difference range of estimated decay rate provides richer yield curve dynamics and is the key to stronger forecasting performance.
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Robin G. Adams, Christopher L. Gilbert and Christopher G. Stobart
Jongbyung Jun and A. Tolga Ergün
The purpose of this paper is to propose a simple regression‐based method of forecasting daily electricity demand, which may serve as a more accurate benchmark for short‐term…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a simple regression‐based method of forecasting daily electricity demand, which may serve as a more accurate benchmark for short‐term forecasts.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to make more efficient use of the calendar effects in electricity demand, including weekend, and seasonal effects, while maintaining the parsimony of the forecasting model, the authors match the demand on each day of an entire year with the average of the corresponding days in recent years. This matching‐day approach substantially simplifies the modeling procedure of complex periodicity in electricity demand without loss of information.
Findings
With daily data on electric power system load in New England, the authors' method provides quite accurate forecasts. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) (2.1 percent) is significantly lower than those of the seasonal ARIMA and exponential smoothing method, and also comparable to the performance of more sophisticated methods in the literature.
Research limitations/implications
The authors' method needs to be modified or augmented by other techniques when the periodicity is not stable due to time trends, economic crises, and other factors.
Practical implications
The management of electric utility providers as well as professional forecasters may use this method as a handy benchmark.
Originality/value
While previous studies focus mainly on accuracy of forecasts, the method presented in the paper is developed with the balance between accuracy and ease of use in mind.
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Xiwang Xiang, Xin Ma, Minda Ma, Wenqing Wu and Lang Yu
PM10 is one of the most dangerous air pollutants which is harmful to the ecological system and human health. Accurate forecasting of PM10 concentration makes it easier for the…
Abstract
Purpose
PM10 is one of the most dangerous air pollutants which is harmful to the ecological system and human health. Accurate forecasting of PM10 concentration makes it easier for the government to make efficient decisions and policies. However, the PM10 concentration, particularly, the emerging short-term concentration has high uncertainties as it is often impacted by many factors and also time varying. Above all, a new methodology which can overcome such difficulties is needed.
Design/methodology/approach
The grey system theory is used to build the short-term PM10 forecasting model. The Euler polynomial is used as a driving term of the proposed grey model, and then the convolutional solution is applied to make the new model computationally feasible. The grey wolf optimizer is used to select the optimal nonlinear parameters of the proposed model.
Findings
The introduction of the Euler polynomial makes the new model more flexible and more general as it can yield several other conventional grey models under certain conditions. The new model presents significantly higher performance, is more accurate and also more stable, than the six existing grey models in three real-world cases and the case of short-term PM10 forecasting in Tianjin China.
Practical implications
With high performance in the real-world case in Tianjin China, the proposed model appears to have high potential to accurately forecast the PM10 concentration in big cities of China. Therefore, it can be considered as a decision-making support tool in the near future.
Originality/value
This is the first work introducing the Euler polynomial to the grey system models, and a more general formulation of existing grey models is also obtained. The modelling pattern used in this paper can be used as an example for building other similar nonlinear grey models. The practical example of short-term PM10 forecasting in Tianjin China is also presented for the first time.
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