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Considers the effects on the mass media of China’s transition to a more open economy and the strategies which advertisers might use to overcome the problems it presents. Describes the media available (including the unofficial “black route”, the official but restricted private sector “white route”, and the state “red route”) and lists the challenges which advertisers face in using them. Suggests some strategies and practices which can help to overcome them and some hypotheses on future media use. Calls for further research in this area.

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the effect of microstructure on the corrosion behavior of CoCrNi alloy in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution.

The as-cast CoCrNi alloy was prepared by arc melting, and the cold-rolled and annealed alloys were prepared by processing the as-cast alloy.

The experimental results showed that a protective passivation film was formed on the surfaces of these CoCrNi MEA, and the stability and compactness of alloys increased in the sequence of cold-rolled, as-cast and annealed CoCrNi alloys. The annealed CoCrNi alloys had the best pitting resistance.

This study proposes the effect of the microstructure of CoCrNi alloy on corrosion resistance.

This research conducts bibliometric analyses and network mapping on smart libraries worldwide. It examines publication profiles, identifies the most cited publications and preferred sources and considers the cooperation of the authors, organizations and countries worldwide. The research also highlights keyword trends and clusters and finds new developments and emerging trends from the co-cited references network.

A total of 264 records with 1,200 citations were extracted from the Web of Science database from 2003 to 2021. The trends in the smart library were analyzed and visualized using BibExcel, VOSviewer, Biblioshiny and CiteSpace.

The People’s Republic of China had the most publications (119), the most citations (374), the highest H-index (12) and the highest total link strength (TLS = 25). Wuhan University had the highest H-index (6). Chiu, Dickson K. W. (H-index = 4, TLS = 22) and Lo, Patrick (H-index = 4, TLS = 21) from the University of Hong Kong had the highest H-indices and were the most cooperative authors. Library Hi Tech was the most preferred journal. “Mobile library” was the most frequently used keyword. “Mobile context” was the largest cluster on the research front.

This study helps librarians, scientists and funders understand smart library trends.

There are several studies and solid background research on smart libraries. However, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first to conduct bibliometric analyses and network mapping on smart libraries around the globe.

A Digital Twin (DT) is a digital replica of an artefact which is updated on real-time or semi–real-time basis. In 2017, Gartner listed DT as one of the top 10 emerging technologies of the year. Since then, there have been numerous attempts to develop architecture and reference models for DTs, and in some studies, DT construction for real-world case studies is reported. This chapter attempts to provide a contextualised background on DT for smart cities. It also discusses various stakeholders involved in devising and/or employing DTs in a smart city. The chapter concludes with a set of recommendations for the training requirements of final DT users.

In practical engineering, there are various sequences. The purpose of this paper is to improve and put forward a new model.

Based on the generalized accumulated generating operation, the paper improved the GM(1,1) cosine model and proposed the GAGM(1,1) cosine model.

It is found that the GAGM(1,1) cosine model can satisfy many kinds of periodic sequences and the precision of GAGM(1,1) cosine model is higher than the GM(1,1) model.

The paper shows that the GAGM(1,1) cosine model has important theoretic and practical significance.

With the growing scale of power grids, integrated power grids often contain multiple areas. When the control centre of each regional grid conducts an assessment of local voltage stability, the calculation is always based on the local regional power grid model. However, less consideration is given to a detailed model of the entire network, which may lead to a large calculation error. Under the premise of ensuring the data and information security of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition between different regional power grid operation control centres, the purpose of this paper is to reduce calculation error simply by using the data of a local power network.

According to the calculation methodology of “decomposition and coordination” and the power balance equation of an interconnected power grid, an improved radial equivalent independent (REI) equivalent method, which can reflect the dynamic characteristics of interconnected power grids to a certain extent, is proposed in this paper. A mathematical model of multi-area-grid L indicator synergic computing is derived as well.

With the calculation of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard grids and an actual grid model, it is proven that the method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the accuracy of the regional power grid L indicator calculation and achieve the synergic computing of a multi-area power system L indicator, without an increase in data interaction among the regional power grids.

The indicator of voltage stability among multi-area was obtained by using the improved REI equivalent method with the change of the load participation factor. Particularly, the coordinated calculation method can be implemented on a local power grid without knowledge of all the parameters of its interconnection, which can avoid possible leakage of confidential data and information of the system owners.

China’s swift economic rise, as symbolized by the first Chinese Olympics and by surpassing Japan to become the world’s second largest economy despite the recent global financial meltdown, has been accompanied by a transformation of Chinese foreign policy behavior. After spending the last decade emphasizing China’s “peaceful rise” or “peaceful development,” Beijing has begun to expound its policy preferences and territorial claims more forthrightly, even assertively. The purpose of this chapter will be to consider the origins, consequences, and likely future of the new Chinese foreign policy in the wake of the leadership transition at the 18th Party Congress in 2012 and the 12th National People’s Congress in 2013.

Some economic theories have influenced the reform of the socialist open economy with Chinese characteristics. As a new practice of socialism, an open economy is not only driven by China’s productivity level and people’s living standards but also regulated by the law of commodity production and value.

It was popular to participate in economic globalization for most countries in the second half of the 20th century, but not all of them could benefit from it.

The key to the success of the open-economy reform with Chinese characteristics lies in learning from and innovating the comparative advantage theory, thus forming an organic whole of the open economy, including the core of correctly handling the relationship between the government and the market, the method of gradual reform, the breakthrough point of transforming the mode of economic development, and serving people all the time.

Achieving internal and external coordination through the combination of opening-up and independence is a critical principle of China’s economic opening-up, which not only effectively safeguards national interests but also actively promotes the construction of a new global order.

The socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is the scientific fruit of Xi Jinping thought on socialist economy with Chinese characteristics for a new era. People-centred philosophy is the core values of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee's governance of China with Xi Jinping as the core and has become the core values of the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. According to Xi Jinping thought on socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, it represents the interests of all people and determines the disciplinary attribute of the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, that is, people-centred economics. Xi Jinping has defined the essence of the socialism as eliminating poverty, improving people's livelihood and gradually realising common prosperity. That determines the main line of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is to liberate, develop and protect the productive forces and achieve common prosperity. This study aims to discuss the aforementioned statements.

Xi Jinping's scientific judgement on the new stage of development and the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has put forward the requirement of problem orientation for the study of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, involving the main contradiction facing Chinese society, high-quality development and modernisation. China's socialist basic economic system consists of a socialist market economy in which public ownership plays the leading role alongside other forms of ownership and distribution according to work is the mainstay, while other forms of distribution coexist alongside it. And this socialist basic economic system, marked out from three dimensions—production, distribution and exchange analysis, is the key of analysis of systems in the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. The economic operation analysis in political economy mainly involves resource allocation and the government's macroeconomic regulation and control.

The new thought and new practices about the role of the market and the government in the new era have opened up a new realm for the economic operation analysis in the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. The new development philosophy and new development paradigm define the content of the economic development theory in the socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. The new development paradigm reflects the dual circulation theory of social reproduction.

The socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is to study laws of economics in various aspects from economic system, economic operation, economic development to foreign economy and provide the basic principles of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. Its mainstream economic position will be consolidated continuously.