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Article
Publication date: 2 September 2019

Uttam Kumar Khedlekar and Priyanka Singh

For smooth running of business affairs, there needs to be a coordination among manufacturer, collector and retailer in forward and reverse supply chain. This paper handles the…

Abstract

Purpose

For smooth running of business affairs, there needs to be a coordination among manufacturer, collector and retailer in forward and reverse supply chain. This paper handles the problem of making pricing, collecting and percentage sharing decisions in a closed-loop supply chain. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of responsibility sharing percentage on the profits of a manufacturer, a retailer and a collector. The paper further aims to understand the mutual interactions among decision variables and profit functions. It also determines the optimal selling price, optimal time, wholesale price, sharing percentage and optimal return rate in such a manner that the profit function is maximized.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors presented a three-echelon model consisting of a manufacturer, a retailer and a collector in the closed-loop supply chain and optimized the profits of each supply chain member. The authors introduced SRR models for the remanufacturing by providing some percentage of physical and financial support to the collector. Optimization techniques have been applied to obtain optimal solutions. Numerical examples and graphical representations of the optimal solutions are provided to illustrate the model.

Findings

This study stresses on profitable value retrieval from returned products, and it discusses how responsibility sharing can improve profitability and reduce the workload of an individual. In total, three main results are found. First, sharing and coordination among chain members can improve collector’s profit. Second, supply chain performance may also improve over time. Third, the profit of each member of the supply chain increases with an increase in sharing percentage up to a certain limit. So, the manufacturer can share the responsibility of the collector under a fixed limit.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of this model is that there is no difference between manufactured and remanufactured products. There are many correlated issues that need to be further investigated. The future study in this direction may include multi-retailer, stochastic demand patterns.

Practical implications

It is directly utilized by supply chain industries in which coordination among chain members is still needed to maximize profits. This information enables the manufacturer to assist the collector financially or physically for the proper management of the three-layer supply chain. The present work will form a guideline to choose the appropriate parameter(s) and mathematical technique(s) in different situations for remanufacturable products.

Social implications

From the management point of view, this study delivers the strongest result to remanufacturing companies and for whom effective and efficient coordination among chain members is vital to the overall performance of the supply chain.

Originality/value

There are very few studies that consider the remanufacturing of used products under a fixed time period. The authors considered selling price-sensitive and time-dependent exponentially declining demand. This model is developed by considering all possible help to a collector from manufacturer to collect used products from consumers. This research complements past research by showing coordination among supply chain members within a fixed time horizon.

Details

Journal of Advances in Management Research, vol. 16 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0972-7981

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 12 July 2019

Tariqullah Khan

This paper aims to enhance the impact of incorporated waqf institutions by blending their resources to promote responsible small businesses that are inclusive of human…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to enhance the impact of incorporated waqf institutions by blending their resources to promote responsible small businesses that are inclusive of human development, service to society and preservation of ecological environment and other species. This is expected to shift the paradigm of businesses from the current waste-oriented linear economy to ideally a zero-waste circular economy.

Design/methodology/approach

This is an analytical study building on the experience of European Venture Philanthropy Organizations (VPOs) that work with the primary objective of making impactful businesses successful, with capital protection and return on investment being of secondary concern. This paper suggests an incorporated institutional design that blends resources for promoting responsible businesses using a new hybrid financial mechanism, namely, equity-at-default (EaD) to replace collateral and foreclosure requirements with responsibility and compassion.

Findings

The research calls for changing the business paradigm from linear to circular, an incorporated institutional framework for venture waqf, purpose of the waqf to make impactful small businesses successful and designing a financial contract to loan in favor of responsible businesses that convert to equity stake for the waqf in case of default (EaD) replacing collateral and foreclosure requirements.

Research limitations/implications

This is a theoretical study motivated by the success of VPOs but assigns a new role to waqf institutions. Furthermore, the incorporated nature of waqf is a new idea and EaD is a new mechanism. Being new, these ideas have the risk of not being implemented. However, the broader message that waqf shall promote businesses that are inclusive of ecological concerns is generally applicable.

Practical implications

The paper has a significant practical implication to transform the responsibility and consciousness of businesses. Waqf is fundamentally a compassionate institution, and it must enhance the responsibility of businesses to become more inclusive of the environment and other species. It should also become more compassionate toward businesses that are in distress and default. In this sense, the paper tries to internalize compassion in financial contracting that can potentially change the architecture of lending.

Social implications

Altering businesses’ mindset from a waste-driven extractive linear economy to inclusive circular economy has a tremendous transformative role. This will have implications for enhancing business consciousness and responsibility. As poverty is a phenomenon of state of mind, changing the society’s state of thought in Muslim communities is expected to have basic positive implications. Entrepreneurs with a new mindset can have far-reaching positive impacts on the society.

Originality/value

The paper offers potentially innovative perspectives in four key areas and blends the different resources in an incorporated waqf that makes responsible entrepreneurs assume a partnership role in times of distress through EaD. Furthermore, the integration of compassion in financial contracting could have better implications for return on investment as well. The ideal state of an economy is where waste is turned into wealth and well-being is something that all policymakers must keep on the top of their agendas.

Details

ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0128-1976

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1995

Nicholas C. Mangos and Neil R. Lewis

The lack of explicit consideration in positive accounting studiesof managers and their social environment leads to a failure to analysethe social factors that influence managers…

4305

Abstract

The lack of explicit consideration in positive accounting studies of managers and their social environment leads to a failure to analyse the social factors that influence managers′ accounting choices. Argues that based on a socio‐economic paradigm, consideration should be given to a socio‐economic consideration of the relationship between corporate social reporting and managers′ selection of accounting practices. Criticizes a purely economic approach to understanding and analysing motives managers may have in choosing accounting policy. Social responsibility reporting is suggested as a corporate social response to influences on managers and their choice of accounting policy. In analysing prior research which has empirically tested the relationship between social responsibility reporting and reported financial performance, a potential relationship between reported financial performance and accounting policy choice is identified and developed. This contributes to socio‐economic research by expanding positive accounting theory to include explicit social variables.

Details

Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, vol. 8 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0951-3574

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 16 July 2018

Gary W. Florkowski

Three decades of academic and professional discourse on HR technologies (HRTs) have produced continued disagreement over construct definitions and research streams that are highly…

Abstract

Three decades of academic and professional discourse on HR technologies (HRTs) have produced continued disagreement over construct definitions and research streams that are highly fragmented. These realities suggest that greater consistency in meanings is sorely needed if we are to integrate and upgrade knowledge in this area. This chapter draws on the findings of a systematic research review to properly define the content domains of human resource information systems (HRIS), virtual human resources (virtual HR), electronic human resource management (e-HRM), and business-to-employee (B2E) systems. An integrative synthesis was performed on 242 system-level writings that appeared in the literature from 1983 to 2017. The weight of the evidence strongly supports treating HRIS, virtual HR, e-HRM, and B2E systems as independent, complimentary constructs. While the first three comprise a firm’s HRT system, the fourth construct is more appropriately positioned in the business-collaborative system. The sample was further evaluated with an analytic framework to detect patterns of practice in research designs. This revealed that much more attention has been focused on system actions and outcomes than on attitudes and system characteristics. Different units of analysis were well represented aside from trans-organizational studies. Finally, a case is made for better contextualizing HRT research by recognizing differences in assimilation stage, functional penetration, and collective proficiency. These factors are rarely mentioned, let alone studied, raising additional concerns about measurement error. Detailed suggestions are offered on ways to incorporate them. Together, these materials should promote more sophisticated and generalizable assessments of technology, improving our ability to understand its impacts.

Details

Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78756-322-3

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 December 2021

Millicent Asah-Kissiedu, Patrick Manu, Colin Anthony Booth, Abdul-Majeed Mahamadu and Kofi Agyekum

For construction organisations to be effective at implementing an integrated safety, health and environmental (SHE) management system, they require the right level of…

Abstract

Purpose

For construction organisations to be effective at implementing an integrated safety, health and environmental (SHE) management system, they require the right level of organisational capability. This capability includes the policies, systems and resources of the organisation. However, within the academic literature, it is unclear which organisational attributes of construction companies are important for implementing integrated SHE management. This study aims to explore the organisational attributes that determine integrated SHE management capability and their relative priorities.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used a literature review supported by expert verification and a subsequent three-round expert Delphi technique accompanied by applying the voting analytical hierarchy process.

Findings

The study identified 20 attributes grouped under five main thematic categories. These are strategy (the organisation’s vision and top management commitment); process (the organisation’s procedures and processes for SHE management); people (organisation’s human resources, their competence, roles, responsibilities and involvement in SHE management); resources (organisation’s physical and financial resources for SHE management) and information (SHE related documents, data, records and their communication across an organisation). While these thematic categories and the attributes within carry different weights of importance, the strategy-related attributes are the most important, followed by the people-related attributes.

Originality/value

The results of this study should enable construction companies and key industry stakeholders to understand construction companies’ capability to successfully implement an integrated SHE management system. Furthermore, construction companies should be able to prioritise efforts or investments to enhance their SHE management capability.

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