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Development of a technique for weaving seamless three‐dimensional shapes directly on loom is an essential step in producing seamless woven garments. The purpose of this paper is to report a new approach to weaving seamless three‐dimensional shapes.

Spacing of warp and weft threads varies in shape region. Reeds with shaped reed wires are developed to change spacing of warp threads. Interlacement pattern of warp and weft threads is selected that assists in changing spacing of threads. The new approach of weaving three‐dimensional shapes in folded form is developed, that offers advantages over weaving shape in erect form.

The main findings were mathematical determination of shapes of reed wires to produce a three‐dimensional woven shape and weaving shape in folded form.

The paper demonstrates how three‐dimensional shapes are woven in folded form without the need of eliminating ends.

The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of weak low-frequency vibration measurement capability of FBG accelerometer, and propose a FBG accelerometer based on cross reed.

This study proposed a new type FBG acceleration sensor based on cross reeds. When the sensor vibrates, the mass block in the new structure rotates around the center of the cross reeds, which could eliminate the impact of friction, reduce the natural frequency of the sensor and improve its sensitivity. This study theoretically analyzed the impact of several structural parameters on the sensitivity and natural frequency of the proposed sensor and used COMSOL to perform static stress analysis and modal simulation; in this study, a test system was built to test the performance of the proposed sensor.

The test results revealed that the proposed sensor had a natural frequency of 94 Hz; within a low-frequency range of 1–65 Hz, its sensitivity response was flat, the dynamic range was 81.89 dB, the sensitivity was 243.59 pm/g and the linearity was 99.97%. The cross reeds effectively strengthened the structural stability, the relative standard deviation of the repeatability of the sensor was 0.89% and the transverse crosstalk in the working frequency band was −26.97 dB.

This study innovatively proposes the structure of the two symmetrical cross reeds, which can improve sensitivity by eliminating the influence of friction, and the structure of cross reeds can effectively suppress the influence of lateral crosstalk. The proposed sensor can realize real-time accurate measurement of low-frequency weak vibration signals.

This chapter reports on the “CEO’s-eye-view” of the 1990 financial crisis at Citibank using unique data from CEO John Reed’s private archives. This qualitative analysis sheds light on questions that have perennially plagued executives and intrigued scholars: How do organizations change routines in order to overcome inertia in the face of radical change in the environment? And, specifically, what is the role of the CEO in this process? Inertial behavior in such circumstances has been attributed to ingrained routines that are based on cognitive and motivational truces. Routines are performed because organizational participants find them to cohere to a particular cognitive frame about what should be done (the cognitive dimension) and to resolve conflicts about what gets rewarded or sanctioned (the motivational dimension). The notion of a “truce” explains how routines are “routinely” activated. Routines are inertial because the dissolution of the truce would be inconsistent with frames held by organizational participants and fraught with the risk of unleashing unmanageable conflict among interests in the organization. Thus, the challenge for the CEO in making intended change is both to break the existing truce and to remake a new one. In this study, I uncover how the existing organizational truce led to the crisis at Citibank, why Reed’s initial attempts to respond failed, and how he ultimately found ways to break out of the old truce and establish new routines that helped the bank survive. These findings offer insight into the cognitive and motivational microfoundations of macro theories about organizational response to radical change.

This paper aims to assess the role of secrecy jurisdictions in providing supply-side stimulants for illicit financial flows from developing countries and how the tax havens structures shape the role of actors. Specifically focussing on decades of trade liberalisation and markets, and of increasingly rapid movement of people, capital and information across regions and around the globe, the paper draws on the political economy theory of globalisation to illuminate the connections between capital flight, money laundering and global offshore financial centres (OFCs).

The paper uses publicly available evidence to shed light on the role played by tax havens in facilitating money laundering, capital flight and corruption. The issues are illustrated with the aid of case studies.

The evidence shows that, in pursuit of organisational and personal interest, the tax havens create enabling structures that support illicit activities of the political and economic elites from developing countries. The paper further argues that the supply-side of corruption severely limits the possibilities of preventing corruption in developing countries.

The paper uses publicly available evidence to illuminate the role played by OFCs in facilitating elite corruption and money laundering practices.

It is impossible to quantify the volume of money laundered, but it has been estimated that money laundering may account for as much as 5% of the world economy.

The paper, therefore, suggests that unless this supply-side of corruption is tackled there is little prospect for an end to aid dependency and the creation of economically stable and democratic states in developing countries.

The paper examines predatory practices of the international financial industry in tax havens and OFCs in facilitating money laundering, corruption and capital flight and the challenges posed for the economic development of developing countries.

To drive along winding roads from the south‐east shores of Lake Constance not far from where the mighty Rhine enters the lake, passing small rural settlements and isolated chalets as the road weaves its way upwards through patches of woodland, with the landscape clad in the first snow of the season, may savour more of arrival for an early Winter sports holiday than for a company visit. At an altitude of some 700 metres, however, on the outskirts of the village of Wolfhalden, which has a population of about 1,700, Circuit World's destination during late November was the wire weaving plant of G. Bopp & Co. AG, whose head office is located in Zürich.

Wire bonding is an important method of interconnection in microelectronics. Ultrasonic energy is known to soften metallic materials and hence when used in the wire bond process it is effective to decrease the flow stress similar to thermal energy. The paper aims to address this issue.

Detailed resonance studies show that some designs have closeby resonance compared to the bonding frequency which causes enhanced vibration resulting in such over squashed bonds. Hence, precautions in the design stage are necessary to understand the closeby resonance frequencies and corresponding mode shapes of the leadframe that are in‐plane in nature along the transducer axis that can be excited by the capillary's motion. This can be determined a priori using numerical methods such as finite element method. In this paper, one such case study has been dealt in detail to explain the overall methodology.

To minimize the effects of resonance, damping should be increased by bonding polyimide tapes to enhance damping and stiffness which results in better ball bonds with optimum bell shape.

The paper explains the methodology of wire bonding in microelectronics.

Accles & Pollock Ltd. of Oldbury, Worcestershire, a TI Steel Tube Division company, will be exhibiting a comprehensive range of precision steel tube and tubular products, including plain, annularly convoluted and thin wall tube, at Farnborough.

Wonders whether companies actually have employees best interests at heart across physical, mental and spiritual spheres. Posits that most organizations ignore their workforce – not even, in many cases, describing workers as assets! Describes many studies to back up this claim in theis work based on the 2002 Employment Research Unit Annual Conference, in Cardiff, Wales.

This study aims to comparatively analyze the cut parts obtained as a result of cutting the Ni-based Inconel 625 alloy, which is widely used in the aerospace industry, with the wire electro-discharge machining (WEDM) and abrasive water jet machining (AWJM) methods in terms of macro- and microanalyses.

In this study, calipers, Mitutoyo SJ-210, Nikon SMZ 745 T, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray were used to determine kerf, surface roughness and macro- and microanalyses.

Considering the applications in the turbine industry, it has been determined that the WEDM method is suitable to meet the standards for the machinability of Inconel 625 alloy. In contrast, the AWJM method does not meet the standards. Namely, while the kerf angle was formed because the hole entrance diameters of the holes obtained with AWJM were larger than the hole exit diameters, the equalization of the hole entry and exit dimensions, thanks to the perpendicularity and tension sensitivity of the wire electrode used in the holes drilled with WEDM ensured that the kerf angle was not formed.

It is known that the surface roughness of the parts used in the turbine industry is accepted at Ra = 0.8 µm. In this study, the average roughness value obtained from the successful drilling of Inconel 625 alloy with the WEDM method was 0.799 µm, and the kerf angle was obtained as zero. In the cuts made with the AWJM method, thermal effects such as debris, microcracks and melted materials were not observed; an average surface roughness of 2.293 µm and a kerf of 0.976° were obtained.