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Organizations are increasingly investing in disability-specific sensitization workshops. Yet, there is limited understanding about their hoped outcomes, that is, increased knowledge about disability-related issues and behavioral changes with respect to those with a disability. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness and boundaries of disability-specific sensitization training in organizations.

This is an interview-based study where 33 employees from five industries across India were interviewed over the span of a year.

The findings suggest that sensitization workshops are successful with regard to awareness generation. Paradoxically, the same awareness also reinforced group boundaries through “othering.” Further, workshops resonated more so with individuals who already had some prior experience with disability, implying that voluntary sensitization is likely attracting those who have the least need of such sensitization. The findings also suggest that non-mandated interventions may not necessarily influence organizational level outcomes, especially if workshops are conducted in isolation from a broader organizational culture of inclusion.

The present study helps outline effects of sensitization training initiatives and enhances our understanding about how negative attitudes toward persons with a disability can be overcome. The study also indicates how such training initiatives may inadvertently lead to “othering.” Finally, this study offers suggestions to human resource managers for designing impactful disability sensitization workshops.

The current work builds on the dual process theory of habituation and sensitization to empirically investigate theory-based mechanisms through which social media use habit influences continued social media use intentions in the context of problematic social media use (SMU).

We build on the dual process theory of habituation and sensitization and test our model with structural equation modeling technique applied to survey-based data collected from 337 social media users.

Findings suggest that SMU Habit may increase user's perceived Habituation and directly reduce user's experienced SMU related Exhaustion. Furthermore, Habituation and SMU related Exhaustion are negatively associated in a nonlinear fashion. Also, SMU Habit may promote higher level of SMU Dependency through Sensitization. Increased level of SMU Dependency is associated with increased level of SMU related Exhaustion. Thus, SMU Habit simultaneously shapes two opposing forces driving continued use decisions.

The current work can serve as a basis for developing effective interventions especially given the increase in problematic uses of IS fostered by the development of technology use habits.

Although separate strands of research independently examined the role of “pull” forces such as SMU dependency and the role of “push” forces such as SMU related Exhaustion in influencing users' inclination toward future SMU, a unified theoretical framework considering the triad of SMU Habit, “pull” and “push” forces together is yet to be offered. Deploying Habituation–Sensitization theory will shed new light on dual mechanisms through which habit drives continued use decisions in SMU context. Thus, the current work can serve as a basis for developing effective interventions given the increase in problematic uses of IS.

Sensitization of stainless steels has been posing serious problems to the industries. Techniques for rapid detection of sensitized surfaces are being probed throughout the world. Characterization over a wide behavioural range is essential for the above. Characterizes sensitized surfaces of AISI 304 stainless steel using impedance and tafel‐extrapolation techniques. Welded 304 stainless steel interfaces were subjected to dissolution tests, in different media, for assessing the effect of prolonged post‐stress relieving on the mitigation of surface dissolution. The corrosion rate values were correlated with the period of sensitization and Huey test results. The sensitized stainless steels were also subjected to electrochemical tests in different solutions. From the impedance behaviour of the sensitized surfaces in 3 per cent NaCl electrolyte, it was observed that the rate of fall in the polarization resistance may be used to monitor the extent of sensitization in 304 stainless steel, with better accuracy, than that in utilizing the polarization resistance itself.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of sensitization on the metallurgical characteristics of weld joints made up of austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) and ferritic stainless steel (AISI 430), using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process with ER316L filler wires.

A non-consumable tungsten electrode with a diameter of 1.6 mm was used during the GTAW procedure. The filler wire, ER316L, was selected based on the recommendation provided in literature. To explore the interconnections among the structure and properties of these weldments, the techniques including scanning electron microscopy and optical analysis have been used. In addition, the sensitization behaviour of the weldments was investigated using the double loop electrochemical potentio-kinetic reactivation (DLEPR) test.

Microstructural analyses revealed the occurrences of coarsened grains with equiaxed columnar grains and migrating grain boundaries in the weld zone. The results of the DLEPR test demonstrated that heat affected zone (HAZ) of AISI 430 was more susceptible to sensitization than HAZ of AISI 316L. Microstructure analysis also revealed the precipitation of large amounts of chromium carbide at the grain boundaries region of AISI 430 welded steel, causing more sensitization and, as a result, more failure or breaking at the side of AISI 430 weld in the dissimilar weldment of AISI 316L–AISI 430.

The present work has been carried out to determine the appropriate welding conditions for joining AISI 316L and AISI 430, as well as the metallurgical properties of the dissimilar weldment formed between AISI 316L and AISI 430. Owing to the difficulties in measuring the performance of these types of dissimilar joints given their unique mechanical and microstructural characteristics, research on the subject is limited.

Investigates the influence of ceramics heat insulating paste on the degree of sensitization of AISI 304 stainless steel using double‐loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation technique. Steel samples with and without protection by ceramics heat insulating paste were heat treated at 700°C for 15, 30 and 60 minutes. Double‐loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL‐EPR) tests were conducted for the as‐received and heat‐treated samples in 0.5M H₂SO₄ + 0.01M KSCN solutions. Measurements of the ratios of the reactivation current to the anodic current indicated that the ceramics heat insulating paste effectively prevented sensitization of the steel for the first 15 minutes at 700°C and reduced the degree of sensitization for samples heat treated for 30 and 60 minutes. Concludes that the decreased degree of protection by the ceramics heat insulating paste was due to the dehydration and subsequent cracking of the paste.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of strain-induced martensite (SIM) and its reversal on metastable austenitic stainless steel (MASSs) through the analysis of metallurgical and sensitisation behaviour.

In the present investigation, the samples of Cr-Mn ASS (also known as MASSs) including 15%, 30% and 50% cold worked, solution annealed samples with and without thermal ageing (at 700°C for 3 h) were analysed with the help of X-ray diffraction analysis, microstructure examination and electrochemical behaviour. The scanning electron microscope (SEMJOEL 6380 A) was used to examine the microstructure of the sample, and the double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation test was used to determine the degree of sensitisation (DOS) in the samples. The cold worked solution annealed samples without thermal ageing are named as CR15, CR30 and CR50, respectively, and the samples with thermal ageing are named as CR15_TA, CR30_TA and CR50_TA, respectively.

In CR15, CR30 and CR50 samples, the DOS increased with increase in the extent of cold working, which was attributable to passivation deterioration. Because of the high degree of passivation at the grain boundaries, the DOS of CR15_TA and CR30_TA were practically identical. The DOS in the CR50_TA sample, on the other hand, was lowered due to SIM recovery in the austenite.

The present study sheds light on how to choose the right cold working percentage to avoid sensitisation in MASSs during the fabrication of metal forming components.

Effect of grain size on degree of sensitization (DOS) was been evaluated in Nickel free steel. Manganese and nitrogen contained alloy is a Ni-free austenitic stainless steels (ASS) having type 202 grade. The main purpose of this investigation is to find the effect of recrystallization on the DOS of stainless steel after the thermo-mechanical processing (cold work and thermal aging).

In the present investigation, the deformation of 202 grade analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microstructural testing. Optical microstructure of Ni-free ASS has been done for cold worked samples with thermally aged at 900°C_6 h. Double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test used for findings of degree of sensitization.

Ni-free ASS appears to be deformed more rapidly due to its higher stacking fault energy which gave results in rapid transformation from strain induced martensite to austenite in form of recrystallized grains, i.e. it concluded that as cold work percentage increases more rapidly recrystallization occurs. XRD results also indicate that more fraction of martensite formed as percentage of CW increases but as thermal aging reverted those all martensite to austenite. So investigation gives the conclusion which suggests that with high deformation at higher temperature and duration gives very less DOS.

Various literatures available for 300 series steel related to the effect of cold work on mechanical properties and sensitization mechanism. However, no one has investigated the effect of recrystallization through thermomechanical processing on the sensitization of nickel-free steel.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of prior cold work after annealing and thermal ageing on intergranular corrosion or sensitization of Cr-Mn austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is necessary. Such a study is particularly important because ASS are mostly used and welded in mill-annealed condition, which is equivalent to fully annealed material with some cold worked (CW).

The effect of 15% CW of 202 ASS were investigated using microstructural (optical microscope), mechanical (grain size and hardness) and electrochemical methods (double loop electrochemical reactivation [DLEPR]) followed by thermal ageing (800°C, 900°C and 1000°C).

X-ray diffraction analysis shows the presence of martensite in CW samples. The increase in martensite formation (800°C and 900°C) can be observed with the variation of thermal ageing (TA) duration (1, 2 and 3 h). However, there was decreased in the formation of martensite at the temperature of 1000°C because of martensitic reversal. The DLEPR test result shows higher degree of sensitization (DOS) for 800°C and 900°C but for 1000°C, there was re-homogenization of samples which leads to lower DOS (thermal ageing for 1, 2 and 3 h).

For 300 series steel, there are various literature available for the effect of cold work on mechanical properties and DOS. However, no one has investigated the effect of cold work and thermal ageing on the sensitization of 202 Cr-Mn ASS.

This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

This research paper concentrates on assessing the effectiveness of disability sensitization workshops, with the aim of helping organizations become inclusive workplaces through self-evaluation. Respondents valued being trained by a person with a disability, and a psychologically complex symptom of informative disability training was that delegates inadvertently conceptualized disabled people as “others”.

The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations.

The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

The paper is targeted to health service management teams as an aid to understanding the relationship between investment in process redesign in a clinical laboratory environment and improved quality of service/increased clinical activity.

An audit of the unit's serum screening capability was performed against the standards of the current UK allocation scheme for cadaveric kidneys. Based on findings of this audit the laboratory's serum screening protocol was redesigned involving development of a new testing strategy and introduction of novel methods. A concurrent review of the effects of this initiative in terms of cadaveric kidney offers received/transplant numbers was undertaken and a cost‐benefit analysis made.

An improved eligibility of the patient cohort for cadaveric kidney offers was obtained together with a reduced unexpected positive crossmatch rate. These factors have together contributed to an increase in transplant numbers at the centre. Significant cost benefits have been achieved

The relevance of the findings relating to patient eligibility for available cadaveric grafts is limited to organ‐sharing schemes in which recipient sensitisation is considered as part of the allocation process.

The experience reported demonstrates the necessity of assessing the clinical impact of changes in practice when judgements are being made regarding the costs of laboratory services. In this respect the paper is the first from within this discipline to make this association.