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1 – 10 of over 21000This chapter will identify readily accessible existing sources of public data. Thechallenges of using that data are considerable and require extensive time to ensure validity for…
Abstract
This chapter will identify readily accessible existing sources of public data. Thechallenges of using that data are considerable and require extensive time to ensure validity for reporting purposes. Summaries of data field selection and data wrangling requirements are presented in conjunction with data aggregation strategies.
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Haftu Hailu Berhe, Hailekiros Sibhato Gebremichael and Kinfe Tsegay Beyene
Existing conceptual, empirical and case studies evidence suggests that manufacturing industries find the joint implementation of Kaizen philosophy initiatives. However, the…
Abstract
Purpose
Existing conceptual, empirical and case studies evidence suggests that manufacturing industries find the joint implementation of Kaizen philosophy initiatives. However, the existing practices rarely demonstrated in a single framework and implementation procedure in a structure nature. This paper, therefore, aims to develop, validate and practically test a framework and implementation procedure for the implementation of integrated Kaizen in manufacturing industries to attain long-term improvement of operational, innovation, business (financial and marketing) processes, performance and competitiveness.
Design/methodology/approach
The study primarily described the problem, extensively reviewed the current state-of-the-art literature and then identified a gap. Based on it, generic and comprehensive integrated framework and implementation procedure is developed. Besides, the study used managers, consultants and academics from various fields to validate a framework and implementation procedure for addressing business concerns. In this case, the primary data was collected through self-administered questionnaire, and 244 valid questionnaires were received and were analyzed. Furthermore, the research verified the practicability of the framework by empirically exploring the current scenario of selected manufacturing companies.
Findings
The research discovered innovative framework and six-phase implementation procedure to fill the existing conceptual gap. Furthermore, the survey-based and exploratory empirical analysis of the research demonstrated that the practice of the proposed framework based on structured procedure is valued and companies attain the middling improvements of productivity, delivery time, quality, 5S practice, waste and accident rate by 61.03, 44, 52.53, 95.19, 80.12, and 70.55% respectively. Additionally, the companies saved a total of 14933446 ETH Birr and 5,658 M2 free spaces. Even though, the practices and improvements vary from company to company, and even companies unable to practice some of the unique techniques of the identified CI initiatives considered in the proposed framework.
Research limitations/implications
All data collected in the survey came from professionals working for Ethiopian manufacturing companies, universities and government. It is important to highlight that n = 244 is high sample size, which is adequate for a preliminary survey but reinforcing still needs further survey in terms of generalization of the results since there are hundreds of manufacturing companies, consultants and academicians implementing and consulting Kaizen. Therefore, a further study on a wider Ethiopian manufacturing companies, consultants and academic scale would be informative.
Practical implications
This work is very important for Kaizen professionals in the manufacturing industry, academic and government but in particular for senior management and leadership teams. Aside from the main findings on framework development, there is some strong evidence that practice of Kaizen resulted in achieving quantitative (monetary and non-monetary) and qualitative results. Thus, senior management teams should use this research out to practice and analyze the effect of Kaizen on their own organizations. Within the academic community, this study is one of the first focusing on development, validating and practically testing and should aid further study, research and understanding of Kaizen in manufacturing industries.
Originality/value
So far, it is rare to find preceding studies proposed, validated and practically test an integrated Kaizen framework with the context of manufacturing industries. Thus, authors understand that this is the very first research focused on the development of the framework for manufacturing industries continuously to be competitive and could help managers, institutions, practitioners and academicians in Kaizen practice.
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Fatimah De´nan, Nor Salwani Hashim and Amarpreet Kaur Mahinder Singh
Due to the enormous increase in economic development, structural steel material gives an advantage for the construction of stadiums, factories, bridges and cities building design…
Abstract
Purpose
Due to the enormous increase in economic development, structural steel material gives an advantage for the construction of stadiums, factories, bridges and cities building design. The purpose of this study is to investigate the behaviour of bending, buckling and torsion for I-beam steel section with and without web opening using non-linear finite element analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
The control model was simulated via LUSAS software with the four main parameters which included opening size, layout, shape and orientation. The analysis used a constant beam span which is 3.5 m while the edge distance from the centre of the opening to the edge of the beam is kept constant at 250 mm at each end.
Findings
The analysis results show that the optimum opening size obtained is 0.65 D while optimum layout of opening is Layout 1 with nine web openings. Under bending behaviour, steel section with octagon shapes of web opening shows the highest yield load, yield moment and thus highest structural efficiency as compared to other shapes of openings. Besides, square shape of web opening has the highest structural efficiency under buckling behaviour. The lower buckling load and buckling moment contribute to the higher structural efficiency.
Originality/value
Further, the square web opening with counter clockwise has the highest structural efficiency under torsion behaviour.
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The purpose of this paper is to consider the effect of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002 on the property rights of third parties, by evaluating whether the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider the effect of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002 on the property rights of third parties, by evaluating whether the interpretation of the scheme of the PMLA, 2002 results in a deprivation of rights, by virtue of the provision for the provisional attachment of property.[AQ3] In doing so, this paper attempts to consider two sub-categories of third parties that stand affected by §5 of the PMLA, 2002.
Design/methodology/approach
Primarily the authors analyse diverging judgements and case law across various high courts to evaluate the position of law with regards to attachment of property. To reach a precise legal conclusion, the authors consider the composite scheme of the PMLA, 2002 in their analysis.
Findings
It has been concluded that there is a clear lack of judicial cohesion in the interpretation of the PMLA, 2002, and in the absence of a judgement by the Supreme Court of India, enforcement authorities have failed to correctly identify the boundaries of the offence of money laundering, resulting in a dangerous deprivation of rights.
Originality/value
This paper fills a vacuum of detailed scholarship on anti-money laundering provisions in India, while also being contemporaneously relevant, as it considers the effects of the PMLA, 2002 on bona fide economic transactions and secured creditors.
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Mahipal Singh and Rajeev Rathi
The present environmental concern has enforced manufacturing firms to re-evaluate their business practices to reduce the adverse impact on the environment with optimum production…
Abstract
Purpose
The present environmental concern has enforced manufacturing firms to re-evaluate their business practices to reduce the adverse impact on the environment with optimum production. Therefore, the present study aims to deal with the implementation of the environmental lean six sigma (ELSS) framework in an Indian medical equipment manufacturing industry to obtain operational and environmental sustainability.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed ELSS framework is based on the DMAIC (Define–Measure–Analyze–Improve–Control) methodology, sustainability and lean tools. The efficacy of the developed framework is tested through a case study in an Indian medical equipment manufacturing unit.
Findings
In the case company, four major issues were reported, i.e. improper material handling, non-productive movement of men and material, poor indoor air quality and rework. The ELSS project facilitates the case organization to enhance their capacity utilization from 59.25% to 74.3%, defects per million opportunities reduce from 309,523 to 48,951.44 and indoor air quality levels decrease from 156.87 to 86.85
Research limitations/implications
The efficacy of the developed ELSS framework is evaluated through a case study conducted only in one Indian manufacturing environment.
Practical implications
The present study facilitates industrial managers and practitioners to achieve sustainability and process excellence through ELSS implementation. Organizations that intend to simultaneously improve operational and environmental performance can benefit from this paper as it can be used as a guide to conduct similar projects with both operational and environmental benefits.
Originality/value
This paper presents a successful implementation of the ELSS framework in the healthcare industry to achieve operational and environmental sustainability.
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Sérgio Kannebley Júnior, Diogo de Prince and Daniel Quinaud Pedron da Silva
Brazil uses the dollar as a vehicle currency to invoice its exports. This fact produces a tendency toward equalizing the prices of products in dollars in the international market…
Abstract
Purpose
Brazil uses the dollar as a vehicle currency to invoice its exports. This fact produces a tendency toward equalizing the prices of products in dollars in the international market and reducing the ability of firms to practice pricing-to-market (PTM). This study aims to evaluate the hypothesis by estimating error correction models in panel data, obtaining estimates of PTM for 25 manufacturing products exported by Brazil between 2010 and 2020.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses the correlated common effect estimator proposed by Pesaran (2006) and Chudik and Pesaran (2015b) to estimate the PTM coefficients.
Findings
Results of this study indicate that exporters practice local-currency pricing stability for dollar prices. This study obtains that Brazilian exporters tend to stabilize their dollar price for exports, reducing heterogeneity between destination markets. The results are in agreement with the hypothesis of the prevalence of the coalescing effect of Goldberg and Tille (2008) and lower sensitivity of the markup adjustment to the specific market, as pointed out by Corsetti et al. (2018). The pricing of Brazilian exports in dollars reflects a profit maximization strategy that considers an international price system based on global demand for products.
Originality/value
In addition to analyzing the dollar role in the pricing of Brazilian exports through the triangular decomposition, this study also shows the importance of examining the cross-section dependence of errors, considering the heterogeneous cointegration in export pricing models and producing PTM estimates for short-term and long-term.
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This study develops a model and algorithm to solve the decentralized resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem (DRCMPSP) and provides a suitable priority rule (PR) for…
Abstract
Purpose
This study develops a model and algorithm to solve the decentralized resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem (DRCMPSP) and provides a suitable priority rule (PR) for coordinating global resource conflicts among multiple projects.
Design/methodology/approach
This study addresses the DRCMPSP, which respects the information privacy requirements of project agents; that is, there is no single manager centrally in charge of generating multi-project scheduling. Accordingly, a three-stage model was proposed for the decentralized management of multiple projects. To solve this model, a three-stage solution approach with a repeated negotiation mechanism was proposed.
Findings
The experimental results obtained using the Multi-Project Scheduling Problem LIBrary confirm that our approach outperforms existing methods, regardless of the average utilization factor (AUF). Comparative analysis revealed that delaying activities in the lower project makespan produces a lower average project delay. Furthermore, the new PR LMS performed better in problem subsets with AUF < 1 and large-scale subsets with AUF > 1.
Originality/value
A solution approach with a repeated-negotiation mechanism suitable for the DRCMPSP and a new PR for coordinating global resource allocation are proposed.
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Antonio Davola and Gianclaudio Malgieri
The attempt to establish a common European framework for core platforms' duties and responsibilities toward other actors in the digital environment is at the core of the recent…
Abstract
The attempt to establish a common European framework for core platforms' duties and responsibilities toward other actors in the digital environment is at the core of the recent scholarly debate surrounding the Digital Markets Act (DMA) proposal. In particular, the everlasting juxtaposition between the “data power” – as emerging from recent cases (Section 2) – that dominant tech companies enjoy and the concept of consumer sovereignty (Section 3) lies at the core of the proposal's attempt to identify digital core platforms as market gatekeepers. Accordingly, this chapter critically investigates the divide between power imbalance and consumer sovereignty in light of the architecture designed by the DMA, with a specific focus on its effectiveness in identifying gatekeepers' power drivers (Section 4). After highlighting the main critical aspects of the pertinent rules, opportunities for fruitful developments are then identified through the reframing of some of the notions considered in the proposal, and namely the role of “lock-in” effects and “data accumulation” (Section 5). Lastly, this chapter suggests that the DMA advancements – while desirable – are bound to be fragmentary in the absence of a wider appraisal of the nature of data power imbalance dynamics in the modern digital markets (Section 6).
R. Saravanan, Firoz Mohammad and Praveen Kumar
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of IFRS convergence on annual report readability in an emerging market context, with an emphasis on the contents of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of IFRS convergence on annual report readability in an emerging market context, with an emphasis on the contents of management discussion and analysis (MD&A), notes to the accounts (Notes) and the whole annual report.
Design/methodology/approach
The study performs firm-fixed effect regression on a sample of 143 Indian listed companies over a period spanning from 2012 to 2021 to examine the influence of IFRS convergence on readability. This assessment primarily focuses on broader spectrums of readability dimensions, namely annual report length and complexity, wherein complexity is measured using the Gunning Fog, Flesch Reading ease and Flesch-Kincaid grade index.
Findings
As Indian firms shift to IFRS reporting, the findings suggest that annual reports have become significantly lengthier and more complex, causing deterioration in readability. The Notes section, in particular, exhibits the most significant increase in length and complexity, followed by the entire annual report and MD&A section. Furthermore, the findings also indicate that the complexity of the Notes section is instrumental in the observed complexity growth of the whole annual report in the post-IFRS period.
Research limitations/implications
The current study employs readability indices rather than directly taking into consideration the opinions of actual users of annual reports to determine readability. As a result, the study does not provide direct evidence on how information in annual reports affects users' readability.
Practical implications
The findings provide insightful information to managers and policymakers about the difficulties stakeholders may encounter while reading IFRS-based annual reports, which ultimately impact their investment decisions. Thus, there is an important managerial implication from this, depending upon the severity of complexity corporations participate in while complying with IFRS in the post-IFRS period.
Originality/value
Analyzing the influence of exogenous information shock, such as IFRS convergence, on readability is critical, particularly for emerging markets like India, where a lack of financial literacy and weaker enforcement already have detrimental effects on the capital market. In light of this, the current study provides a comprehensive examination of the impact of IFRS convergence on annual report readability and contributes to the growing IFRS literature in the less explored emerging market context.
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Dravesh Yadav, Ravi Sastri Ayyagari and Gaurav Srivastava
This paper numerically investigates the effect of cavity radiation on the thermal response of hollow aluminium tubes and facade systems subjected to fire.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper numerically investigates the effect of cavity radiation on the thermal response of hollow aluminium tubes and facade systems subjected to fire.
Design/methodology/approach
Finite element simulations were performed using ABAQUS 6.14. The accuracy of the numerical model was established through experimental and numerical results available in the literature. The proposed numerical model was utilised to study the effect of cavity radiation on the thermal response of aluminium hollow tubes and facade system. Different scenarios were considered to assess the applicability of the commonly used lumped capacitance heat transfer model.
Findings
The effects of cavity radiation were found to be significant for non-uniform fire exposure conditions. The maximum temperature of a hollow aluminium tube with 1-sided fire exposure was found to be 86% greater when cavity radiation was considered. Further, the time to attain critical temperature under non-uniform fire exposure, as calculated from the conventional lumped heat capacity heat transfer model, was non-conservative when compared to that predicted by the proposed simulation approach considering cavity radiation. A metal temperature of 550 °C was attained about 18 min earlier than what was calculated by the lumped heat capacitance model.
Research limitations/implications
The present study will serve as a basis for the study of the effects of cavity radiation on the thermo-mechanical response of aluminium hollow tubes and facade systems. Such thermo-mechanical analyses will enable the study of the effects of cavity radiation on the failure mechanisms of facade systems.
Practical implications
Cavity radiation was found to significantly affect the thermal response of hollow aluminium tubes and façade systems. In design processes, it is essential to consider the potential consequences of non-uniform heating situations, as they can have a significant impact on the temperature of structures. It was also shown that the use of lumped heat capacity heat transfer model in cases of non-uniform fire exposure is unsuitable for the thermal analysis of such systems.
Originality/value
This is the first detailed investigation of the effects of cavity radiation on the thermal response of aluminium tubes and façade systems for different fire exposure conditions.
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