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Recent research in manufacturing has investigated the impact of enabling operations management (OM) practices on quality and time‐based performance separately. This research investigates the concurrent impact of supply management, human resources, just‐in‐time (JIT) and cross‐functional practices on quality and time‐based performance, in a sample of firms from the automotive components industry. Relationships of 13 individual OM practices with three objective measures of quality performance and two objective measures of time‐based performance were analysed using simple and stepwise multiple regressions. Results indicate that seven of these practices, namely incoming material quality, kanban systems, set‐up time reduction, performance‐based pay and quality training to workers, cross‐functional interactions between design and quality assurance and between production and new product development, have significant synergistic relationships to both quality and time‐based performance. The research supports the argument that there is synergy between quality and time‐based performance capabilities.

Entrepreneurship.

Undergraduate/postgraduate students in Management.

This case concerns the startup, Weekendworks Private Limited and their flagship service – Junkart – which aims to solve waste management issues in Delhi, India. Using recent technological improvements, the co-founders have developed a business model that connects customers/scrap owners and the vendors/Kabadiwalas. The case is focused on their entrepreneurial journey and the critical social issues that their dream aims to solve. It also focuses on displaying the strategic issues faced by an entrepreneur working in the informal sector of waste management and the entrepreneurial dilemma of a social entrepreneur.

The case can be used in both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The students should develop an entrepreneurial mindset by learning key entrepreneurial traits; develop an ability to recognize an entrepreneurial opportunity especially in the context of social entrepreneurship; recognize entrepreneurial processes and outcomes in real-world situations; and understand entrepreneurship within a set of practical frameworks and concepts.

Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of total productive maintenance (TPM) and total quality management (TQM) practices on operational performance and their inter-relationship.

The present study includes three main constructs, namely, TPM, TQM and operational performance of pharmaceutical industry. Under TPM, four constructs, namely, disciplined maintenance, information tracking, housekeeping and operator involvement has been considered with the help of literature. In TQM, four constructs, namely, quality data and reporting, product innovation, research and development (R&D) management and technology management has been considered. Out of 410 Indian pharmaceutical plants contacted for survey, 254 responses have been used in the study for analysis. The factor analysis, path model and structural equation modeling has been used to analyze the proposed framework. The results for alternate models has been studied, interpreted and reported. Finally the direct and indirect effect of TPM and TQM on operational performance has been tested and checked for proving and disproving the hypotheses.

TPM practices have a significant impact on plant-level operational performance. When TPM and TQM practices are coming together to achieve operational performance, then TPM is having strong influence on operational performance. TQM is having significant support from TPM to achieve operational performance. TPM impact TQM and TQM in turn helps to achieve operational performance. TPM practices impact significantly R&D, product innovation and technology management, whereas quality data and reporting is the least contributor toward TQM. This may help industry to understand implications of implementation of TPM and TQM to achieve plant-level operational performance. TPM will help to reduce the cost of quality in terms of reduced scrap and less defective products.

The present study provides the useful insights to practicing managers. In literature it has been mentioned that TQM helps in TPM implementation. In practice TPM plays a great role to achieve quality in processes and therefore in products. In turn quality products, with reduced work in process inventory, less defective products and reduced scrap helps to achieve the operational performance at plant level. TPM practices will help the organization to improve the pace of product innovation and improvement in productivity, which is critical to pharmaceutical industry. The continuous monitoring of TPM practices can help organizations to run day to day operations and maintenance requirement of each machine over a specified period of time.

The present study diagnoses the inter-dimensional linkage between TPM, TQM and operational performance. The pharmaceutical industry is complex system of advance equipment’s and processes. After human resources, the health of machines/equipment’s describe the strength of an organization. The machines require the regular maintenance to produce the products with desired specifications. The specifications in medicines and very tight, which can be achieved only if machines/testing equipment’s are updated and maintained regularly. The TPM practices will helps the plants to achieve the operational performance by having quality in processes.

The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated performance measurement framework to measure the effect of lean implementation throughout all functions of an organization.

The paper identifies the seven categories representing all organizational functions. These categories have been divided into 26 performance dimensions and key performance indicators (KPIs) for each performance dimension have been identified to measure lean performance. The interrelationship of each category with lean principles and/or lean wastes has been identified. KPIs are developed on the basis of identified criteria, frequency analysis of existing literature, and discussion with industry professionals. Finally, an integrated performance measurement framework is proposed.

The proposed framework evaluates the organization under seven categories – manufacturing process, new product development (NPD), human resource management, finance, administration, customer management, and supplier management. In total, 26 dimensions and 119 key performance indicators have been identified under the seven categories.

The proposed framework is a conceptual framework and it is to be tested by empirical and cross-sectional studies.

The main novelty of the research is that the leanness of the organization has been measured throughout the supply chain of the organization in an integrated way. The various areas of measurement are manufacturing process, NPD, finance, administration, customer management, and supplier management. Further, the proposed KPIs are also categorized as qualitative or quantitative, strategic or operational, social or technical, financial or non-financial, leading or lagging, static or dynamic. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge in performance measurement.

Examines the quality improvement process and how it is applied to individual business activities. Illustrates two examples of designing quality into a company. Recommends designing the right quality process tailored to meet an organisation′s culture, customs, personality, and attitudes, based on a sound understanding of where the organisation needs to be in the future. Concludes that the emphasis of the process will be in continuous improvement. Asserts only this tailor‐made quality process can drive an organization to lasting improvement.

This study aims to help quality professionals in following a precise framework that maintains a company’s performance during health pandemics. In many companies, all quality methods seem to produce performance improvement at different levels, but lean management and kaizen were superior in preparing manufacturing companies to have high readiness levels when faced with a health pandemic.

Which quality method can help businesses in performing well during a health pandemic? In order to answer this question and be able to provide specific recommendations toward performing well in all future health pandemics, 500 manufacturing companies were selected and surveyed. The selected companies are known to use at least one quality method such as lean management, ISO 9001, European foundation for quality management (EFQM) and Six Sigma.

EFQM comes second, then Six Sigma and ISO 9001. Lean creates a healthy workplace and enhances worker's health and well-being. This research helps quality professionals in following a precise framework that maintains performance during health pandemics. Whether the company uses lean or other quality methods, the framework helps in achieving pandemic readiness status. The framework is implemented in a company that does not currently use lean. Implementation resulted in significant improvement in pandemic preparedness, corporate performance and employee well-being.

After the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, all companies should start thinking of creating a workplace that functions well during pandemics. To do that, companies should start including sanitation and health pandemic preparedness as part of their performance measurements. Using lean management and kaizen helps organizations to create a healthy workplace; clean and equipped with smaller number of workers. If organizations choose to use other quality methods, it is okay, but they should enhance these methods with lean tools such as elimination of the seven wastes, gemba, 5S and visual management.

To be world class and be classified as a world class manufacturer, manufacturing organisations need to have a number of critical ingredients: one such ingredient is that of an appropriate performance measurement system. Measurement systems incorporating financial and non‐financial measures have been a topic of considerable interest to both business practitioners and academics for most of the 1990s. A voluminous amount of attention has focussed on manufacturing industry, especially regarding the selection and implementation of non‐financial performance measures. Throughout the 1990s, various novel frameworks have been devised to aid manufacturing organisations to select and implement measures. This paper will outline one such framework that was developed taking into account industry design requirements. Results of the framework having been implemented will be illustrated through a short case study, with the framework’s potential and shortcomings being discussed.

Successful supply chain (SC) design outlines a process for selecting compatible and competent partners and details their interrelationship at different nodes located in different echelons of the order fulfilment process. This paper aims to propose a quality‐oriented approach to such design that encourages all partners to grow in the business process.

The design approach features a central node, formed by competent business process operators or lead firms to coordinate SC functions between customers and suppliers. This co‐ordination includes functions like monitoring quality, quantity and cost figures on the supply‐partner side, while overseeing the order fulfilment process on the receiving‐partner‐retailer side. The result is ensured dispatching, distribution and delivery of the right product at the right time. A mathematical model is proposed to aid the co‐ordination and decision‐making process and numerical examples illustrate the applicability of the proposed model and its approach.

Placing a quality‐oriented co‐ordination process between the supply and receiving partners by following the proposed approach and mathematical model supports the development of an effective SC network that maximizes profit.

The proposed approach and mathematical model may be investigated further in the future with real world data from practical SC networks.

The paper's research improves the SC process by introducing a new SC network design that includes mathematical models for business planners to use in their co‐ordination of SC partners.