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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) and bricolage behavior, considering the two emerging dimensions of IEO measurement: passion and perseverance.

A total of 187 postgraduate students who have recently started a new business were selected as the research sample. This study aimed to explore the multidimensional perspective of the new IEO construct. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was applied to examine the hypotheses.

The results show that along with the enactment of traditional dimensions of IEO, examining the newly introduced dimensions illustrates a distinguished explanation of IEO in resource-scarce environments and leads to a development in entrepreneurial bricolage.

This study examined the IEO construct with two emerging dimensions of IEO measurement: passion and perseverance. This IEO construct is primarily associated with individual behavior and declares bricolage behavior more effectively.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how to improve the corrosion inhibition behavior of molybdate‐based inhibitors for mild steel, using organic compounds containing a phenyl ring together with nitrite agent. As picrate contains a phenyl ring together with three substituent nitrite anions, it is used as an organic compound. In this study a new molybdate‐based inhibitor was introduced with the composition of 60 ppm molybdate/40 ppm nitrite/20 ppm picrate. Inhibition efficiency of molybdate alone and with nitrite and picrate on the uniform corrosion of mild steel in stimulated cooling water was assessed.

The inhibition efficiency of molybdate alone and with nitrite and picrate on the uniform corrosion of mild carbon steel in stimulated cooling water (SCW) was assessed by electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance (AC impedance) measurements and weight loss determinations at the room temperature. Studies of electron microscopy included scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photography and X‐Ray energy dispersive (EDS) microanalysis were used.

The results obtained from the polarization and AC impedance curves were in agreement with those from the corrosion weight loss results. The results indicated that the new inhibitor was as effective as molybdate alone, though at one quarter of the concentration range of molybdate, which is economically favorable.

The paper demonstrates improvement in corrosion inhibition of mild steel in SCW via a blend of molybdate, nitrite and picrate as a new anodic inhibitor.

The paper proposes a two-level closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) dynamic competitive model based on different competitive cooperation situations, and explores the impact of competitive cooperation methods on the pricing strategies, recycling and remanufacturing strategies and competitive model selection strategies of supply chain firms.

This paper establishes a CLSC game consisting of a manufacturer and two retailers. Firstly, five CLSC models are established in both horizontal and vertical dimensions, each of which competes with one another. Secondly, the recycling and remanufacturing pricing strategies are analyzed under different competition or cooperation models. Finally, the results are verified through numerical analysis.

The overall profitability of the CLSC is highest when the manufacturer–retailer partnership alliance is in place. The relationship between retailers and manufacturers is also found to be the best way to achieve overall optimization of the CLSC.

The paper investigates the relationship between the competitive partnership and the total profit of the CLSC, taking into account how to optimize the overall benefit, and focusing on how to optimize the individual interests of each participating enterprise. The results can provide basis and guidance for managers' pricing decision and competition cooperation.

Lot-sizing is among the most important problems in the production and inventory management field. The purpose of this paper is to move one step forward in the direction of the real environment of the dynamic, multi-period, lot-sizing problem. For this purpose, a two-warehouse inventory system, imperfect quality and supplier capacity are simultaneously taken into consideration, where the aim is minimization of the system costs.

The problem is formulated in a novel continuous nonlinear programming model. Because of the high complexity of the lot-sizing model, invasive weed optimization (IWO), as a population-based metaheuristic algorithm, is proposed to solve the problem. The designed IWO benefits from an innovative encoding–decoding procedure and a heuristic operator for dispersing seeds. Moreover, sequential unconstrained minimization technique (SUMT) is used to improve the efficiency of the IWO.

Taking into consideration a two-warehouse system along with the imperfect quality items leads to model nonlinearity. Using the proposed hybrid IWO and SUMT (SUIWO) for solving small-sized instances shows that SUIWO can provide satisfactory solutions within a reasonable computational time. In comparison between SUIWO and a parameter-tuned genetic algorithm (GA), it is found that when the size of the problem increases, the superiority of SUIWO to GA to find desirable solutions becomes more tangible.

Developing a continuous nonlinear model for the concerned lot-sizing problem and designing a hybrid IWO and SUMT based on a heuristic encoding–decoding procedure are two main originalities of the present study.

The purpose of this paper is to determine barriers jeopardizing the adoption and usage intention of mobile banking (M-banking) in Pakistan and provide deeper insights to fix such deteriorating factors.

Data was collected in countrywide regional headquarters to mark the utmost generalizability of the results, which included seven largest cities of Pakistan. SEM path analysis was used to analyze data collected from Pakistan’s top 5 bank customers incorporating both users and non-users.

Results revealed that lack of awareness, initial trust and compatibility and perceived risk were the core barriers that stood out as obstacles to the adoption and usage of M-banking in Pakistan. It was also approved that having fixed these core barriers would outcome in existing users’ continuity intent besides raising new users’ inclination toward M-banking.

The study has unveiled the core barriers that have so far impeded the adoption and usage of M-banking. There is not a unified position concerning adoption and usage blockades. Factors differ with contexts, markets, time and kinds of innovations. However, this study is unlike past studies that merely studied students within a specified institute in a restricted jurisdiction. This is the first study to have nationally explored adoption and usage issues; thus, it is anticipated to potentially contribute to the prevailing literature especially in Pakistani context where a few studies prevail, addressing M-banking adoption and usage barriers.

This paper aims to evaluate corrosion behavior of bare and PbO₂-coated stainless steel 316L, as prospective candidates for bipolar plates, in simulated proton exchange membrane fuel cell’s (PEMFC’s) environment under operating potentials.

A set of potentiodynamic, as well as potentiostatic, electrochemical experiments was carried out under both anodic and cathodic potentials. Gathered data were analyzed via fast Fourier transform algorithm for further investigation. X-ray diffraction analysis was also used for determining coating characteristics upon completion of electrochemical experiments.

Results revealed that bare SS316L is a better candidate for bipolar plate material under anodic potential, as it is cathodically protected. However, PbO₂-coated SS316L is favorable under cathodic potential, as bare specimen will suffer localized corrosion in the form of pitting.

It would be of interest if all the experiments are carried out in a PEMFC stack.

This research strives to promote the use of electrochemical noise measurement for practical corrosion monitoring of coated bipolar plates in fuel cells.

Improving the corrosion resistance of bipolar plates will expedite commercialization of PEMFCs, which in turn will translate into a substantial reduction in carbon footprint.

This research strives to promote the use of electrochemical noise measurement for practical corrosion monitoring of coated bipolar plates in fuel cells.

In this study, to maximize returns and minimize investment risk, an attempt was made to form an optimal portfolio under conditions where the capital market has a price bubble. According to the purpose, the research was of the applied type, in terms of data, quantitative and postevent, and in terms of the type of analysis, it was of the descriptive-correlation type. Sequence, skewness and kurtosis tests were used to identify the months with bubbles from 2015 to 2021 in the Tehran Stock Exchange. After identifying the bubble courses, artificial bee colony meta-heuristic and invasive weed algorithms were used to optimize the portfolio. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues.

The existence of bubbles in the market, especially in the capital market, can prevent the participation of investors in the capital market process and the correct allocation of financial resources for the economic development of the country. However, due to the goal of investors to achieve a portfolio of high returns with the least amount of risk, there is need to pay attention to these markets increases.

The results identify 14 periods of price bubbles during the study period. Additionally, stock portfolios with maximum returns and minimum risk were selected for portfolio optimization. According to the results of using meta-heuristic algorithms to optimize the portfolio, in relation to the obtained returns and risk, no significant difference was observed between the returns and risk of periods with price bubbles in each of the two meta-heuristic algorithms. This study can guide investors in identifying bubble courses and forming an optimal portfolio under these conditions.

One of the limitations of this research is the non-generalizability of the findings to stock exchanges of other countries and other time periods due to the condition of the price bubble, as well as other companies in the stock market due to the restrictions considered for selecting the statistical sample.

This study intends to form an optimal stock portfolio in a situation where the capital market suffers from a price bubble. This study provides an effective and practical solution for investors in the field of stock portfolio optimization.

This study aims to assess and decompose the sustainable development using the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Iran in 2018, for proposing agenda-setting of public policy.

It ranks the SDGs not only in Iran but also in the region and the world to reveal the synergetic effects.

Based on the results, subaltern-populace generally suffers from the hegemonic domination of ruling elite-bourgeois, lack of strong institutions, heterogeneous policy networks and lack of advocacy role of non-governmental organizations, due to no transparency, issues in law or no rule of law, no stringent regulation, rent, suppression and Mafia, all leading to corruption and injustice.

To stop the loop of corruption-injustice, Iran should homogenize the structure of the policy network. Furthermore, the failed SDGs of the three-geographic analysis are the same in a character; all of them propose SDG 3, good health and well-being as a serious failed goal.

In this regard, strong evidence is the pandemic Coronavirus, COVID 19 since 2019, due to its highly-disastrous consequences in early 2020 where the public policymakers could not adopt policies promptly in the glob, particularly in Iran.

In Iran, in addition to this, the malfunction of health is rooted in “subjective well-being” and “traffic deaths,” respectively. Concerning the transportations system in Iran, it is underscored that it is damaging the sustainable development from all the three pillars of sustainable development including, economic, social and environmental.

Entrepreneurship is the driving force of countries for sustainable economic development. The importance of this issue is to the extent that in recent years, countries have made great efforts to develop their entrepreneurial ecosystem. But the starting point for entrepreneurship is when an opportunity is identified and the entrepreneur rises to use it. Accordingly, opportunity recognition will be the foundation of entrepreneurship and ultimately sustainable development. Given the importance of this topic, this paper attempts to provide a large picture of the studies conducted in this field.

Given the importance of this topic, this paper attempts to provide a large picture of the studies conducted in this field by reviewing 868 articles published on the Web of Science database in the field of opportunity recognition. Accordingly, using statistical descriptions of articles, analyzing the communication network among elements such as authors, countries, institutions, keyword analysis in articles and examining their trends over time, identifying the most important articles using co-citation analysis and finally this macroimage has been mapped, clustered and identified in leading articles in the last decade by co-citation clustering.

The results of the clustering show that the five main clusters of recent decades have included entrepreneurial characteristics and opportunity recognition, macroeconomic opportunity recognition cluster (community and impact on economic development of the country), opportunity recognition process cluster, opportunity recognition cluster in serial and intra-entrepreneurship and opportunity recognition cluster in new venture internationalization.

Using a bibliometric analysis and co-citation analysis in the field of opportunity recognition and making a big picture of studies in this field of study is a contribution that can be used for future studies and researchers and managers in this field.