Search results

This paper aims to examine asymmetries in the house price cycle and to understand the dynamic of housing prices, incorporating macroeconomic variables at regional and country level, namely, housing affordability, the unemployment rate, mortgage rate and inflation rate.

To highlight significant differences in the asymmetric patterns of house prices between regions, the STAR model is adopted.

The authors highlight significant differences in the asymmetric patterns of house prices between regions, in which some areas showed asymmetric response over the housing cycle; here the LSTAR model outperforms other models. In contrast, some regions (the South West and the North West) showed symmetric properties in the tails of the cycle; therefore, the ESTAR model was adopted in their case.

Being limited to a few fundamentals, this study opens an avenue for further research to investigate this dynamic using in addition such demand-supply factors as land supply, construction cost and loans made for housing. These findings can also be used to examine whether other models such as ARIMA, exponential smoothing or artificial neural networks can more accurately forecast housing prices.

The present paper aims to highlight housing affordability as a cause of asymmetric behaviour in house prices. Put differently, the authors seek to understand the dynamics of housing prices with other fundamentals incorporating macroeconomic variables in regions and country level data as a means of achieving a more concise result.

The Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act was enacted on 3rd December, 1999, as part of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000. The Kingpin Act calls for the imposition of a series of US economic and financial sanctions — with a worldwide reach — on ‘foreign narcotics traffickers’, their related ‘organisations’, and those ‘foreign persons’ who support their activities, enforced by penalties ranging up to fines of $10m and imprisonment for ten years. In passing this legislation, Congress specifically looked to the example provided by an earlier set of economic sanctions that prohibited dealings with Colombian narco‐traffickers or entities which they controlled, established by the President under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) and administered by the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Controls (OFAC). The controls established by the Kingpin Act, and the associated Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Sanctions Regulations (FNKSR), accordingly, are neither a unique nor an isolated programme. Rather, they represent the latest step in the evolution of a series of distinct, but related, economic sanctions programmes administered by OFAC.

Due to existence of skin effect under rotational excitation, especially to high-frequency motors and power transformers run at the frequency of hundreds or even thousands of hertz, core losses will increase significantly, which may cause local overheating damage, and the efficiency and longevity will be decreased. The purpose of this paper is to accurately calculate the rotational anomalous loss in electrical steel sheets.

The influence of skin effect to rotational anomalous loss coefficient is described in detail. Based on the rotational core losses calculation approach, the transformed coefficient and parameters of rotational anomalous loss are determined in accordance with experimental data obtained by using 3D magnetic properties testing system. Then, a variable loss coefficient calculation model of rotational anomalous loss is built. Meanwhile, a separation of the total 2D elliptical rotation experimental core losses is worked out.

The two methods are analysed and compared qualitatively. It should be noted that the novel calculation model can be more effectively presented anomalous loss features. Moreover, quantitative comparisons between 2D elliptical rotation and alternating core losses have achieved beneficial conclusions.

Transformed rotational anomalous loss coefficient and parameters of electrical steel sheets considering skin effect are determined. Based on that, a novel calculation model evaluating 2D elliptical rotation anomalous loss is presented and verified based on the experimental measurement and the separation of the total 2D elliptical rotation core losses. The 2D elliptical rotation core losses separation method and quantitative comparison with alternating excitation are helpful to engineering application.

Despite certain improvements in the relative position of working women in Greece in recent years, there are still significant female‐male earnings differentials in all sectors and industries of the economy. As can be seen from Table I, the earnings of women in most manufacturing industries in 1984 were way below the earnings of men, particularly in the case of salaried employees. Comparing the female‐male earnings ratios for 1976 and 1984 we see an improvement in women's relative position but the gender gap still remained quite large in 1984.

Many marketplace examples suggest that using gamification in the online retail shopping context boosts sales and positively affects customer loyalty. Nevertheless, more research is needed to understand the effects of digital games on consumer behavior and their underlying psychological mechanisms. Therefore, this article explores how combining games and monetary rewards impacts customer satisfaction, loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM) intentions.

To test our hypotheses, we designed two online laboratory experiments to stimulate an online shopping situation, as gamification in online retailing has the potential to affect an important set of outcomes for service firms throughout the consumer decision process (Hofacker et al., 2016).

The results of two lab experiments demonstrate that playing a shopping-related game without monetary participation incentive positively influences all three relational outcomes because games enhance consumers' enjoyment of the overall shopping experience. However, our findings also show that monetary rewards used to incentivize game participation diminish these effects. Gamification loses its positive effects if games are combined with monetary rewards, as consumers no longer play games to derive inherent enjoyment, but rather the extrinsic motivation of receiving a discount. We draw managerial implications about how gamification effectively and profitably fosters strong customer relationships and thus increases customer lifetime value and equity.

This research is the first to investigate the combined effects of gamification and price discounts that require consumers to play the game in order to receive the discount. Focusing on an online shopping context, this article contributes to research on motivation by providing new and more nuanced insights into the psychological process underlying the gamification effects on consumer' long-term attitudes (i.e. satisfaction) and relational behaviors (i.e. positive WOM and loyalty) toward a retailer.

Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for marketers that explain how gamification can be a profitable and efficient tool to foster strong customer relationships. Retail managers should use gamification as a less costly alternative to typical price discounts.

Two laboratory experiments investigate how the separate and combined use of games and price discounts affects consumers' satisfaction, positive WOM intentions and loyalty. Playing a shopping-related game increases satisfaction with the retailer and positive WOM intentions as well as loyalty. Monetary rewards used to incentivize game participation eliminate the positive effects of gamification.