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Article
Publication date: 6 November 2017

Rui-Hsin Kao

Improving employees’ change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is important because of the work content and service nature of the National Immigration Agency…

1974

Abstract

Purpose

Improving employees’ change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is important because of the work content and service nature of the National Immigration Agency (NIA). The purpose of this paper, which targeted immigration workers using the work design model (knowledge oriented), leadership types and organizational climate as perspectives, is to study immigration workers’ change-oriented OCB. Inspecting the knowledge-oriented work characteristics (KOWCs) of the NIA of Taiwan to find ways of stimulating change-oriented OCB through employees’ high self-efficacy is also critical. The investigators also explored how transformational leadership and organizational climate directly affect employees’ change-oriented OCB in a cross-level organization.

Design/methodology/approach

The subject of this research is the frontline immigration workers of Taiwan’s NIA, with its entire staff on duty at the country’s airports and ports as targets of the research. This study used a total of 312 questionnaires.

Findings

At the group level, transformational leadership shows significant positive influence on organizational climate. KOWCs can positively influence self-efficacy and affect change-oriented OCB on an individual basis; similarly, self-efficacy can also positively impact the individual’s change-oriented OCB. In addition, transformational leadership and organizational climate have a contextual effect on the outcome variable on an individual basis.

Originality/value

This finding is helpful for researching and practicing implications of HRM, such as in further understanding how the motivation from work characteristics, organization’s environment and interpersonal networks can increase employees’ change-oriented OCB.

Article
Publication date: 5 June 2017

Rui-Hsin Kao

Border management, barring illegal foreign workers, and immigrant counseling are three major functions of the National Immigration Agency (NIA) of Taiwan. These functions are…

2172

Abstract

Purpose

Border management, barring illegal foreign workers, and immigrant counseling are three major functions of the National Immigration Agency (NIA) of Taiwan. These functions are composed of traditional “job” as well as social “work” characteristics. In other words, these functions have shifted from a “position”-based job design to an “overall operation”-based work design that incorporates environmental and situational factors. The purpose of this paper is to examine frontline immigration workers in Taiwan in order to determine how the motivational (task-oriented) and social work (social-oriented) characteristics (SWCs) of the immigration work design model influence immigration workers’ organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs).

Design/methodology/approach

The authors collected 312 questionnaires, of which 304 were valid, with 230 completed by men and 74 by women.

Findings

The results revealed that SWCs and collective efficacy at the group level had significantly positive effects on collective efficacy and service-oriented OCB, respectively. Task-oriented work characteristics had positive effects on self-efficacy and thus on individual level service-oriented OCB, and self-efficacy also had positive effects on individual service-oriented OCB. Both SWCs and collective efficacy had a contextual effect on individual-level outcome variables. Furthermore, the combination of SWCs with self-efficacy had cross-level effects on individuals’ service-oriented OCB.

Originality/value

These findings can enhance people’s understanding of how the social and motivational power of work characteristics can encourage employees to exhibit service-oriented OCB. This implies that the NIA can stimulate individual self-motivation and affect group-level efficacy and service-oriented OCB through the environmental context and social relationship characteristics of border affairs brigades (branches).

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2019

Fu-Chiang Yang, Rui-Hsin Kao and Cheng-Chung Cho

The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal correlation between the work stress of immigration officers (IOs) and the cross-level effect of social support.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal correlation between the work stress of immigration officers (IOs) and the cross-level effect of social support.

Design/methodology/approach

A multilevel model was used to analyze the quantitative data obtained from 231 IOs in Taiwan, who served as the research objects.

Findings

From the results of this study, it was found that a positive significant relationship existed between role conflict and work stress, as well as between work stress and job burnout. Also, cross-level context and moderating effect for the relationship between social support and work stress, as well as between social support, work stress and job burnout were obtained.

Originality/value

This study only considered IOs in airports and ports. Therefore, it is necessary to determine if other topics of organizational behavior, such as the leadership of supervisors, organizational climate and work values of IOs, have a positive moderating effect. In this regard, it is recommended that a longitudinal study should be conducted in the future.

Details

Policing: An International Journal, vol. 42 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-951X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 December 2021

Jui-Chung Kao, Cheng-Chung Cho and Kao Rui-Hsin

The purpose is to verify the OTC of Taiwan coast guard organizations and to explore whether the views of coast guard personnel on the trust of supervisors, colleagues and…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose is to verify the OTC of Taiwan coast guard organizations and to explore whether the views of coast guard personnel on the trust of supervisors, colleagues and subordinates are consistent based on vertical or horizontal relationship in the organization.

Design/methodology/approach

This is an empirical study conducted with 412 participants from Taiwan coast guard organizations.

Findings

The main finding of this study was that, in Taiwan coast guard organizations, there are differences in the perceptions of organizational trust contents (OTC) in different measuring subjects that are nonexistent in previous studies on other cultures. In particular, the recognition of organizational trust (OT) in subordinates was higher than that in colleagues, while the recognition of OT in colleagues was higher than that in supervisors. Furthermore, measuring the same object with different dimensions, it was found that the OT of colleagues' honest negotiation was significantly higher than those of “not to take excessive advantage (NTEA)” and “keep commitments.” There was no difference in recognition of the three dimensions for subordinates and supervisors.

Originality/value

The result confirms the structure of the Organizational Trust Inventory model of Taiwan coast guard organizations. In addition, Chinese culture evidently influences the weight on each of the contracting behaviors expected of different referents; particularly, trustworthy subordinates are more expected to exhibit good contracting behaviors than supervisors and coworkers. This study contributes to the understanding of how to foster trust in terms of good contracting behaviors in Taiwan coast guard organizations.

Details

Policing: An International Journal, vol. 45 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-951X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 February 2018

Kao Rui-Hsin and Chen-Tai Lin

The purpose of this paper is to adopt the revised and integrated technology acceptance model (TAM) and the successful model of the information system as a framework suitable for…

1339

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to adopt the revised and integrated technology acceptance model (TAM) and the successful model of the information system as a framework suitable for discussing factors the affecting the usage intention of e-learning for police education and training.

Design/methodology/approach

To attain the aforementioned objective, this study employed the questionnaire survey approach for the collection of information from Taiwan’s border police officers. A total of 277 questionnaires were completed and validated.

Findings

The results showed that the subjective norms, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness positively influenced the usage intention of e-learning for police education and training. Second, subjective norms, job relevance, system quality, service quality, and ease of use were found to act positively on the police’s perceived usefulness of e-learning. Lastly, system quality and service quality acted positively on the police’s perceived usefulness of e-learning.

Originality/value

The present study integrated TAM2 and information systems successful model into the research framework for building e-learning efficacy indicators. The good validation results obtained suggest the theoretical importance of this integrated model. The model and research findings closed the research gap especially in the application of police e-learning.

Details

Policing: An International Journal, vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-951X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 September 2018

Chi-Cheng Lee, Rui-Hsin Kao and Chia-Jung Lin

This paper aims to develop the structure of employer brand and discuss whether employees and employers have the same view on the elements of employer brand.

1336

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to develop the structure of employer brand and discuss whether employees and employers have the same view on the elements of employer brand.

Design/methodology/approach

The employer brand of Taiwan, which includes 5 facets and 20 eight terms, was obtained. Management, welfare, interest and environment are the common facets of employer brand in China and Western countries. In addition, family and atmosphere is an important factor that merges both Western and Eastern job applicants. Its contents emphasize family life, which is only found in applicants from Taiwan and China.

Findings

The results showed that enterprises utilize functional factors in order to connect emotions closely and satisfy psychological sustenance, which have true attraction to young Taiwanese applicants and the current workforce of employees.

Originality/value

In general, after 20 years of establishment and empirical research, the achievements are rich and many practical opinions are provided. However, most of the existing literatures come from the researches of Western scholars, and they may be affected by the Western social value. This study has explored the Oriental and Western literatures. In the study field of Taiwan, it is found that employer brand will definitely show different style features due to the cultural difference. Therefore, when an enterprise applies the relevant connotation of the employer brand, it is necessary considering the cultural difference. This shows the importance of cross-cultural study of employer brand recently. At the same time, this also highlights the contribution of this study on theory and practice.

Details

Chinese Management Studies, vol. 12 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1750-614X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 August 2012

Wen‐Chung Hsieh, Chun‐Hsi Vivian Chen, Chi‐Cheng Lee and Rui‐Hsin Kao

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of work characteristics on members’ self‐efficacy and collective efficacy, and the subsequent effect on police officers’…

1471

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of work characteristics on members’ self‐efficacy and collective efficacy, and the subsequent effect on police officers’ performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A multilevel model is adopted to analyze quantitative data obtained by using 812 police officers and 54 chiefs of police stations in Taiwan as the research objects.

Findings

The authors found that work characteristics affected members’ self‐efficacy and collective efficacy, which further affected the individual‐ and group‐level performance and the contextual effect of social work characteristics (SWCs) and collective efficacy on self‐efficacy and individual performance. The authors also confirmed the cross‐level moderation of social characteristics on the relationship between motivational work characteristics (MWCs) and self‐efficacy, and between self‐efficacy and individual performance.

Research limitations/implications

A limitation was the characteristics of the sample, which consisted of mostly first‐line uniformed police officers in Taiwan. From the perspective of managerial implications, it is felt that police organizations should beef up the training on police officers’ collective efficacy, such as building group spirit, improving members’ sense of responsibility, and building up trust with the organization.

Originality/value

The findings prove that the study of work design is particularly important for enhancing the management effectiveness of police organization, because it explains the causes of a number of organizational behaviors as well as a number of important results that influence the police organization (e.g. efficacy and performance).

Details

Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, vol. 35 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1363-951X

Keywords

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