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To evaluate the effect of natural rosemary oil as non toxic inhibitor on the corrosion of steel in H₃PO₄ media at various temperatures.

The oil was hydro‐distilled. The oil was used as inhibitor in various corrosion tests. Gravimetric and electrochemical techniques were used to characterise the corrosion mechanism.

Chromatographic analysis by GC showed that the oil was rich in 1,8‐cineole. The oil was a good inhibitor. But, its efficiency decreased with temperature.

The inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration of the natural oil to attain 73 per cent at 10 g/l. Good agreement between the various methods explored was observed. Polarisation measurements showed that rosemary oil acted essentially as a cathodic inhibitor.

The efficiency of the oil increased with the concentration but decreased with the rise of temperature in the 298‐348 K range. The natural oil could thus be used in chemical cleaning and pickling processes.

The originality of this work is the finding of a safe and cheap inhibitor from natural plants.

The purpose of this study is to develop chicken powder (CP) incorporated fried chicken vermicelli and to evaluate the collective effect of rosemary and betel leaf extracts (RE+BE) in developed products, on the performance of storage study parameters.

Two different groups were made from developed products: the first control group without RE+BE incorporated and the second group treated with RE+BE (1:1). Various chemical, microbiological and sensory parameters of both groups were evaluated at intervals of 15 days up to 60 days of storage.

RE+BE incorporation had significantly improved (p < 0.01) the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), free fatty acid (FFA) and tyrosine value as compared to control. TBARs value of RE+BE treated product remained lower (0.23 ± 0.08 to 0.65 ± 0.07) than the control (0.25 ± 0.06 to 0.83 ± 0.05). Similarly, RE+BE treated product had significantly (p < 0.04) lower total plate count (TPC), Staphylococcus count (SC) and significantly (p < 0.01) lower yeast and mold count than control. Likewise RE+BE incorporation significantly (p < 0.01) improves sensory score (texture, flavor and overall acceptability except for appearance) of the product. RE+BE treated sample at the 60th day had a higher overall acceptability score (6.3 ± 0.8) than the score of control at the 45th day (6.1 ± 0.9).

A shelf-stable meat product can be made by chicken powder incorporation in the gram flour and a combination of rosemary and betel leaf extracts may be used to improve the shelf-life of meat products.

A shelf-stable meat product can be made by chicken powder incorporation in the gram flour and a combination of rosemary and betel leaf extracts may be used to improve the shelf-life of meat products.

RE+BE incorporation into chicken vermicelli improved chemical (TBARs, FFA content and Tyrosine value), microbiological (TPC, Staphylococcus count and yeast and mold count) and sensory (flavor, texture and overall acceptability) parameters of chicken vermicelli during 60-day storage.

The longer‐term psychological impact of childhood wartime experiences is an under‐researched area. Davies' (2001) work has been seminal in drawing attention to the challenges that older people face in coming to terms with their early childhood experiences during the Second World War. This project used qualitative research methods to investigate the lived experience of older people who were evacuated during the war or remained in Liverpool, UK and experienced ‘the Blitz’ firsthand. It also investigated older people's understanding of these experiences, the meaning they attributed to them, and how they felt these experiences had affected them across the lifespan. The data collection phase of this project included an initial focus group and four free association narrative (FAN) interviews. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was the method used to draw out main themes for each of the participants. Analysis revealed specific psychological issues for each of the participants, along with specific coping strategies. Analysis also suggested that some older people continued to find it challenging to make sense of their early experiences and to assimilate these unusual events into their life narratives. This project has contributed to the limited literature base relating to the longer‐term consequences of early wartime experiences, which may be of use to psychologists working with a range of individuals with past or more recent experiences of war or ‘war‐like’ experiences.

In 1979, Rosemary Pledger became the first female President of the Academy of Management (AOM). AOM, through scholarship and teaching about management and organizations, is well known for its contributions to the development of modern management theory. The purpose of this paper is to understand and analyze the human and social influencers which enabled Pledger’s career success. She climbed to the top of her profession and became a role model for other professional women, especially in the academic field; she successfully cracked the glass ceiling.

The authors used a qualitative methodology as most appropriate to examine the research question of how Pledger used human and social skills to overcome barriers to career success. In addition to her biographical data, the authors analyzed 1,593 pages of documents from the AOM Archives at the Khell Center, Martin P. Catherwood Library, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.

Pledger succeeded because she developed strong human and social capital critical for career success and career mobility. Becoming part of the top management team in three organizations – the AOM, the Southwestern AOM and the University of Houston – Clear Lake City is evidence of her skill in using her capital to crack the glass ceiling.

The limitation of author interpretation of secondary data is recognized.

This work illustrates the appropriateness of qualitative research, specifically, in placing important management figures in context, and it makes clear how human and social capital factors are critical to career success for women.

AOM’s contribution to the development of modern management theory is widely recognized; however, there is a lack of studies related to the career successes of AOM’s female leaders. This paper chronicles the career life of Rosemary Pledger who became the first female president of the AOM and a successful Dean and examines the factors that contributed to her career success despite the presence of a glass ceiling.

The distance learning course for women moving into management which Rosemary Smith has just piloted for the Open Business School, and about which she writes here for the first time, held some surprises for her. She expected it to be taken up by unemployed women lacking qualifications, but instead found it has generated a lot of active interest from employers in both public and private sectors, and that the majority of women who applied held both graduate or higher qualifications and a job. Women into Management will be available from the Open Business School from November this year. Rosemary Smith, a graduate of the Open University and now Lecturer in Management at the Open Business School and Course Team Chair of the Women into Management course, discusses how it came into being and what it covers.

Psychiatry in its traditional form, often relegates the patient to a passive recipient, and removes his/her agency. The paper aims to examine the reasons for this and the value of it from a largely theoretical perspective.

The literature is examined on the responsibilities removed from patients by prescribing treatment, both medication, and psychotherapy.

The literature describes how humans in their collectives, groups or communities, generate commonly held attitudes, which may coerce patients into certain roles, and to give up their responsibilities and their agencies. It is postulated that this is possible in a therapeutic community where the unconscious dynamics could resemble those of psychiatric units.

The significance of the findings is that some degree of vigilance has to be maintained over what sets of attitudes develop in a community and especially the role that patients are assigned.

The findings suggest that the therapeutic community method should not be idealised but can go wrong, or can harbour coercive un‐therapeutic influences. There needs to be some continuing awareness of the development of such dynamics.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse how the transition into entrepreneurship is constructed in the context of the boundaryless career. The paper focuses on a particular type of career transition driven by dismissal or unemployment.

The research material is collected in life‐story interviews with three Finnish female owner‐managers. In the study, a narrative analysis of the career move into entrepreneurship is conducted.

The results demonstrate how the concept of the boundaryless career and career discourse as such, and the personal career history and the larger employment setting in particular, are applied in making sense of the transition into entrepreneurship. The significance of dismissal or unemployment is not uniform, but is dependent on the participant's interpretation of the boundaryless career and work‐based security. Entrepreneurship is constructed both as a gender‐neutral and gendered process.

The career perspective could be more widely applicable to research into entrepreneurship, and perceiving entrepreneurship as work could offer an interesting avenue for future interdisciplinary study within career research.

By portraying the transition from unemployment/redundancy into entrepreneurship as a normal career shift, entrepreneurship is potentially made accessible to a broader group of people including unemployed women. Narratives have potential to be applied as career management tools.

The paper provides a contextualised view of the transition into entrepreneurship after unemployment and demonstrates how the entrepreneurship process is connected to the individual work history, employment setting, and gender.

Many people with dual diagnosis present with social complexity that impedes service access. The role of social work support in such service navigation is poorly understood. This study aims to characterise client presentations to an Australian telephone-based social work alcohol and other drug (AOD) service navigation and linkage program, with consideration of presentation complexity compared between those clients who present with or without self-reported mental health (MH) concerns and a history of MH diagnoses, to identify differences in baseline characteristics, and linkage outcomes.

A retrospective audit was conducted of routinely collected clinical information from a six-month period, selected to capture the social and health challenges experienced during the mid-pandemic period (mid-2021) in Victoria, Australia, during which a number of lockdowns resulted in a reliance on telephone-based services. The audit focused on client and presentation characteristics, and compared clients with and without a history of co-occurring MH and AOD concerns.

It was found that three in four people accessing an Australian telephone-based AOD service navigation and linkage program presented with dual diagnosis. Individuals with dual diagnosis required more support from the service compared to those without a co-occurring MH disorder; but overall, were just as likely to achieve a successful linkage to services, when offered holistic, long-term social work support.

This study focused on the role of social workers in this service navigation program in supporting individuals with complexity. It also highlights the challenges in operationalising social complexity factors alongside clinical MH and AOD diagnoses, and points to the need for further research to guide future service development for this vulnerable client group.