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Article
Publication date: 19 March 2018

Effect of pre-strain and KMnO4 oxidation of carbon nanotubes embedded in polyurethane on strain dependent electrical resistance of the composite

Petr Slobodian, Pavel Riha, Robert Olejnik and Jiri Matyas

The synergistic effect of functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) using KMnO4 oxidation and initial tensile deformation on the electrical resistance of…

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Abstract

Purpose

The synergistic effect of functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) using KMnO4 oxidation and initial tensile deformation on the electrical resistance of nanotube network/polyurethane composite subjected to elongation was studied.

Design/methodology/approach

Though the initial deformation irreversibly changed the arrangement of carbon nanotube network, subsequent cyclic elongation confirmed stable resistance values. The increased strain-dependent resistance of stimulated nanotube network/polyurethane composite was demonstrated by monitoring vibration of tambour leather after a bead impact and finger flexion.

Findings

The results showed a tenfold composite resistance increase for the composite prepared from KMnO4 oxidized nanotubes, quantified by a so-called gauge factor, from a value of about 20 in comparison to the network prepared from pristine nanotubes. This is a substantial increase, which ranks the stimulated composite among materials with the highest electromechanical response.

Originality/value

The results in this paper are new and have not been published yet. The paper combines different ideas which are developed together. It presents a new concept of synergistic effect of CNT oxidation and application of pre-strain simulation. Oxidation and pre-strain increases by several times the sensitivity of the tested composites which are predetermined for use as strain sensors of various sizes and shapes.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 38 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SR-05-2017-0079
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

  • Nanotechnology
  • Sensors
  • Polymer sensors
  • Carbon nanotubes
  • Polyurethane composite
  • Transverse cracking

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Article
Publication date: 18 October 2018

Structural model with controls of a very light airplane for numerical flutter calculations

Robert Rogólski and Aleksander Olejnik

The finite element model developed for a new-designed aircraft was used to solve some problems of structural dynamics. The key purpose of the task was to estimate the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The finite element model developed for a new-designed aircraft was used to solve some problems of structural dynamics. The key purpose of the task was to estimate the critical flutter velocities of the light airplane by performing numerical analysis with application of MSC Software.

Design/methodology/approach

Flutter analyses processed by Nastran require application of some complex aeroelastic model integrating two separate components – structural model and aerodynamic model. These sub-models are necessary for determining stiffness, mass and aerodynamic matrices, which are involved in the flutter equation. The aircraft structural model with its non-structural masses was developed in Patran. To determine the aerodynamic coefficient matrix, some simplified aerodynamic body-panel geometries were developed. The flutter equation was solved with the PK method.

Findings

The verified aircraft model was used to determine its normal modes in the range of 0-30 Hz. Then, some critical velocities of flutter were calculated within the range of operational velocities. As there is no certainty that the computed modes are in accordance with the natural ones, some parametric calculations are recommended. Modal frequencies depend on structural parameters that are quite difficult to identify. Adopting their values from the reasonable range, it is possible to assign the range of possible frequencies. The frequencies of rudder or elevator modes are dependent on their mass moments of inertia and rigidity of controls. The critical speeds of tail flutter were calculated for various combinations of stiffness or mass values.

Practical implications

The task described here is a preliminary calculational study of normal modes and flutter vibrations. It is necessary to prove the new airplane is free from flutter to fulfil the requirement considered in the type certification process.

Originality/value

The described approach takes into account the uncertainty of results caused by the indeterminacy of selected constructional parameters.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 92 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-01-2018-0059
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

  • Finite element method
  • Aeroelastic flutter
  • Normal modes
  • Structural discrete model
  • Very light airplane

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Article
Publication date: 7 September 2012

Internationalization patterns of small and medium‐sized enterprises

Olli Kuivalainen, Sanna Sundqvist, Sami Saarenketo and Rod McNaughton

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the conceptual frameworks and concepts with which the research on internationalization patterns of small and…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the conceptual frameworks and concepts with which the research on internationalization patterns of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) should be conducted.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive overview of concepts and a conceptual framework to study internationalization patterns of SMEs is offered.

Findings

The complexities of existing definitions and methodologies for researching internationalization patterns are highlighted, and a synthesis of the issues is provided. An integrative model of internationalization pathways, and their antecedents and outcomes is presented.

Research limitations/implications

It is recommended that future research focuses especially on the time dimension of internationalization patterns. Future research can contribute to the literature by adopting a longitudinal approach with larger samples and more detailed cases to capture the dynamics of internationalization.

Practical implications

Practitioners might map their positions, and look for challenges and opportunities with regard to their chosen internationalization pattern. They can also benchmark other firms’ pathways and fine‐tune their own approach to internationalization.

Originality/value

The paper integrates a large body of research in an important research area in international marketing. It also provides guidance on how to conduct future research in the area, and introduces the content of this special issue of the International Marketing Review.

Details

International Marketing Review, vol. 29 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02651331211260331
ISSN: 0265-1335

Keywords

  • Small to medium‐sized enterprises
  • International business
  • Internationalization
  • Patterns
  • Pathways
  • Born globals
  • International new ventures

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Article
Publication date: 13 April 2015

Year two: The impact of addictions education and experiential activities on attitudes of students

Robert Balich, Jane Warren, Jennifer Weatherford, Noor Syamilah Zakaria and Diana Schwede

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of education and experiential learning on counseling student’s perceptions of substance use and counseling those with…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of education and experiential learning on counseling student’s perceptions of substance use and counseling those with substance-related problems. Some counselors report having had negative experiences and beliefs about substance use, abuse, and persons with substance related-problems. A counselor’s negative beliefs and experiences can impair their capacities of working effectively and empathetically with persons who seek help for substance abuse problems. Research reports that education can assist helping professionals to be able to work more efficiently with clients with substance abuse struggles by increasing awareness of substance abuse problems, enhancing empathy, increasing professional’s ability to relate with what clients may be experiencing, training in appropriate interventions, and referral skills.

Design/methodology/approach

This study measured changes in students’ attitudes toward addictions following completion of a 15-week addictions counseling course, which incorporated multiple experiential activities in conjunction with information about the effects of various substances and different treatment modalities.

Findings

The results revealed significant changes in treatment intervention and non-stereotyping.

Originality/value

These changes suggest education might affect attitudes toward substance abuse. The implications of this study can guide counselor educators in designing effective addictions courses and can lead to future discussions on how to use experiential learning in the classroom.

Details

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, vol. 7 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-03-2014-0034
ISSN: 2050-7003

Keywords

  • Stigma
  • Attitudes
  • Addictions education
  • Experiential education

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Book part
Publication date: 5 November 2016

Sociological Intervention as a Reaction to the Crisis of the City: Public Consultation in Warsaw

Przemysław Sadura and Dorota Olko

The city as a form of spatial and social organization was in deep crisis for last years. Now in Poland we deal rather with the renaissance of urbanity. Increasing activity…

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Abstract

The city as a form of spatial and social organization was in deep crisis for last years. Now in Poland we deal rather with the renaissance of urbanity. Increasing activity of social movements and the growing importance of civic participation are the most important evidence of this process. This chapter is about the role that public consultation on spatial planning can play in urban policy. The analysis is based on a case study of public consultations conducted with usage of active and innovative approaches. Authors describe the potential of such sociological intervention in solving the crisis of urban communities.

Details

Public Spaces: Times of Crisis and Change
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1047-004220160000015016
ISBN: 978-1-78635-463-1

Keywords

  • Urban communities
  • public consultation
  • citizen participation
  • sociological intervention
  • public sociology
  • participatory action research

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 2006

Finite element modelling and simulation of bulk material forming: A bibliography (1996‐2005)

Jaroslav Mackerle

To provide a selective bibliography for researchers working with bulk material forming (specifically the forging, rolling, extrusion and drawing processes) with sources…

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Abstract

Purpose

To provide a selective bibliography for researchers working with bulk material forming (specifically the forging, rolling, extrusion and drawing processes) with sources which can help them to be up‐to‐date.

Design/methodology/approach

A range of published (1996‐2005) works, which aims to provide theoretical as well as practical information on the material processing namely bulk material forming. Bulk deformation processes used in practice change the shape of the workpiece by plastic deformations under forces applied by tools and dies.

Findings

Provides information about each source, indicating what can be found there. Listed references contain journal papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subject.

Research limitations/implications

It is an exhaustive list of papers (1,693 references are listed) but some papers may be omitted. The emphasis is to present papers written in English language. Sheet material forming processes are not included.

Practical implications

A very useful source of information for theoretical and practical researchers in computational material forming as well as in academia or for those who have recently obtained a position in this field.

Originality/value

There are not many bibliographies published in this field of engineering. This paper offers help to experts and individuals interested in computational analyses and simulations of material forming processes.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 23 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02644400610652983
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

  • Finite element analysis
  • Simulation
  • Bibliographies

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Article
Publication date: 21 October 2013

Potential of probiotics as pharmaceutical agent: a review

S. Sarkar

Increased evidence for the health benefits of probiotics for health restoration coupled with the consumer's inclination towards a safe, natural and cost-effective…

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Abstract

Purpose

Increased evidence for the health benefits of probiotics for health restoration coupled with the consumer's inclination towards a safe, natural and cost-effective substitute for drugs have led application of probiotics as a pharmaceutical agent and are rapidly moving in clinical usage. In this context, this article attempts to highlight the potential of probiotics as a pharmaceutical agent.

Design/methodology/approach

Endeavor has been made to explore the significance of probiotics for the modulation of gut ecology and their action. Potentiality of probiotics for their exploitation as a pharmaceutical agent has also been justified. Limitations of probiotic therapy and the various considerations for probiotic therapy have also been delineated.

Findings

Probiotic organisms influence the physiological and pathological process of the host by modifying the intestinal microbiota, thereby affecting human health. Beneficial effects of probiotics as a pharmaceutical agent seem to be strain and dose dependent and more efficacious with their early introduction. Combination of various probiotics proved to be more efficacious than single strain for exhibiting prophylactic activities.

Research limitations/implications

Reviewed literature indicated that it is difficult to generalize for the beneficial effect of all probiotics for all types of diseases as efficacy of probiotics is strain-dependent and dose-dependent and its clinical application needs long-term investigations.

Practical implications

Clinical trials have displayed that probiotics may alleviate certain disorders or diseases in humans especially those related to gastro-intestinal tract.

Originality/value

Ingestion of fermented dairy products containing probiotic cultures may provide health benefits in certain clinical conditions such as antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, rotavirus-associated diarrhoea, inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory bowel syndrome, allergenic diseases, cancer, Helicobacter pylori infection and lactose-intolerance. Application of probiotics as a pharmaceutical agent is recommended.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 115 no. 11
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-06-2011-0163
ISSN: 0007-070X

Keywords

  • Pharmaceutical
  • Drug
  • Disease
  • Probiotic

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