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Aviation has multi-cultural business environment in all aspects as operational and management. Managing aviation requires high awareness on human factor risk which includes organizational behavior-related topics. The greatest risk to an enterprise’s ability to achieve its strategic goals and objectives is the human factor. Both organizational behavior and corporate culture behavior with social psychology are the most vital aspects of management and strategy in terms of human resources. Related risks, including organizational behavior and culture, have the potential to directly impact on both business performance and corporate sustainability. Therefore, in this paper, the most prominent risks were determined in accordance with social psychology, and after identification of human factor-based risks, these have prioritized and prepared risk mapping with fresh approach. For this reason, this study aims to develop risk mapping model for human factors that takes into account interrelations among risk factors three dimensional based new approach. This approach includes both identification of human factor based risks, prioritization them and setting risk mapping according to corporate based qualifications via tailoring risk list. Developed risk map in this paper will help to manage corporate risks to achieve improved performance and sustainability.

This new organizational behavior- and culture-focused risk mapping model developed in this study has the potential to make significant contribution to the management of the human factor for modern management and strategy. In enterprise risk management system, risk mapping is both strong and effective strategic methodology to manage ergonomics issue with strategic approach. Human factor is both determinative and also strategic element to both continuity and performance of business operations with safely and sound. In view of management and strategy, vitally, the human factor determines the outcome in both every business and every decision-making.

It is assumed that, if managers manage human risk you may get advantages to achieving corporate strategies in timely manner. Aviation is sensitive sector for its ingredients: airports, airlines, air traffic management, aircraft maintenance, pilotage and ground handling. Aim of this paper is to present risk management approach to optimize human performance while minimizing both failures and errors by aircraft maintenance technician (AMT). This model may apply all human factors in other departments of aviation such as pilots and traffic controllers. AMT is key component of aircraft maintenance. Thus, errors made by AMTs will cause aircraft accidents or incidents or near miss incidents. In this study, new taxonomy model for human risk factors in aircraft maintenance organizations has been designed, and also new qualitative risk assessment as three dimensions is carried out by considering the factors affecting the AMT’s error obtained from extensive literature review and expert opinions in the field of aviation. Human error risks are first categorized into two main groups and sub three groups and then prioritized using the risk matrix via triple dimension as probability, severity and interrelations ratio between risks.

Risk mapping is established to decide which risk management option they will apply for managers when they will look at this map. Managers may use risk map to both identify their managerial priorities and share sources to managing risks, and make decisions on risk handling options. This new model may be a useful new tool to manage ergonomic human factor-based risks in developing strategy in aviation business management. In addition, this paper will contribute to department of management and strategy and related literature.

This study has originality via new modeling of risk matrix. In this study, dimension of risk analysis has been improved as three dimensions. This study has new approach and new assessment of risk with likelihood (probability), impact (severity) and interrelations ratio. This new model may be a useful new tool to both assess and prioritize mapping of ergonomic-based risks in business management. In addition, this research will contribute to aviation management and strategy literature and also enterprise risk management literature.

The increasing prevalence of enterprise risk coupled with global competition requires a strategic link to the way forward through measured outcomes determined in a collaborative and visual manner.

The model was conceptualized and validated through strategic management deficiencies encountered in venture ownership, management consulting and teaching practice and was augmented with extensive stakeholder input and existing scholarly research.

Managing risk is a complex and somewhat dark task that can happen everywhere or nowhere within a firm and requires mitigating strategies developed with stakeholder consensus. In practice with three distinct audiences of entrepreneurs, senior managers and capstone student strategists, the model does facilitate linked risk and opportunity identification as well as the quantification and/or qualification of variables. The process is as impactful as the outcomes when individual risk “appetites” and a collective risk culture emerge.

Innovative organizations must regularly scan their external environment and assess internal resources and capabilities in a structured and actionable manner while understanding their risk culture. Valuable outcomes emerge from facilitating strategic risk management discussions, particularly in growing and informal organizations. Risk communications with stakeholders are complex and increasingly important.

Opportunity mapping offers a novel process to identify prioritized strategies that may be otherwise determined intuitively with limited input or absent altogether. The process facilitates actionable outcomes as a supplement to the known practice of risk assessment while contributing to a competitive advantage.

Today, methods and risk analysis tools are used to argue decisions concerning issuance of operating licenses, risk management and development of action and emergency plans. In practice, a company is looking for a tool to help in decision-making and in the development of action plans. Thus, the creation of a safe working environment is essential to a company’s success and is one of the best ways to attract/retain staff and increase productivity. It should then set up a kind of funnel sieve that allows understanding all risks to keep only the most significant, which should be given priority. Thus, global risk management should be based on an accurate diagnosis of all company risks. This diagnosis can be formalized in the form of a risk map. The latter is crucial because it raises the overall risk identification, assessment, prioritization and prioritization of action. It is an essential component of any company’s risk management processes. The objective is to have an overall inventory (entity, system, process, activity, etc.) of the vulnerabilities of all fields of activity. It offers a simple and didactic presentation, giving an overview to decision-makers to guide their strategic choices of action. This mapping is then used to monitor the effectiveness of strategies implemented, forming, in a very relevant tool for communication, the objective assessment of this work. So, the purpose of this study is to describe a methodology for comprehensive risk analysis, called risk map. The purpose of this work is to provide a decision support tool to identify areas of weaknesses to allow setting priorities for action to be undertaken by the company to improve the working conditions by organizational, technical and human solutions while engaging in a process of continuous improvement.

The proposed approach for the development of a risk map comprises five stages: risk identification, where the starting point is the identification of the main company processes or, alternatively, the main company activities; exhibition evaluation, the company counts then evaluate the most important risks that affect their processes or activities and persons; evaluation and prioritization of risks; action plan, the company implements the action plan developed on the basis of the prioritization of risks and the company identifies the solutions implemented to reduce the risk and evaluates; and actions control.

This study allows making an image of overall places with vulnerabilities inside the company by a simple and didactic representation, facilitating the promotion of a culture of communication regarding the company vulnerabilities. The development of this risk mapping allowed the development of a very useful tool of communication on the inventory for formulating a risk appetite and determining the risk profile. It is a tool for decision and action whose purpose is the improvement of working conditions by organizational solutions, technical and human resources for the health and safety of employees while engaging in a process of continuous improvement.

The limitations of this study include the lack of competence in risk concepts. It is enough to have a pludisciplinary team to highlight the various dangers and move to the priorities and engage in a process of continuous improvement.

The approach detailed in this study can be used in any entity. One just needs to have skills.

Low level of work accidents, a pleasant working environment, a very good motivation, a good productivity at work.

This work intends to reflect the concrete situation in which companies face the risks. It is interested in the relations between scientific expertise and the precautionary principle. It is a tool that guarantees the success of any preventive approach in a company. It is a decision-making tool for identifying areas of weakness to establish priorities for action by a company whose aim is to improve the working conditions through organizational, technical and human resources while engaging in a process of continuous improvement.

The overall objective of this study is envisaged to provide decision makers with actionable insights and access to multi-risk maps for the most in-danger stave churches (SCs) among the existing 28 churches at high spatial resolution to better understand, reduce and mitigate single- and multi-risk. In addition, the present contribution aims to provide decision makers with some information to face the exacerbation of the risk caused by the expected climate change.

Material and data collection started with the consultation of the available literature related to: (1) SCs' conservation status, (2) available methodologies suitable in multi-hazard approach and (3) vulnerability leading indicators to consider when dealing with the impact of natural hazards specifically on immovable cultural heritage.

The paper contributes to a better understanding of place-based vulnerability with local mapping dimension also considering future threats posed by climate change. The results highlight the danger at which the SCs of Røldal, in case of floods, and of Ringebu, Torpo and Øye, in case of landslide, may face and stress the urgency of increasing awareness and preparedness on these potential hazards.

The contribution for the first time aims to homogeneously collect and report all together existing spread information on architectural features, conservation status and geographical attributes for the whole group of SCs by accompanying this information with as much as possible complete 2D sections collection from existing drawings and novel 3D drawn sketches created for this contribution. Then the paper contributes to a better understanding of place-based vulnerability with local mapping dimension also considering future threats posed by climate change. Then it highlights the danger of floods and landslides at which the 28 SCs are subjected. Finally it reports how these risks will change under the ongoing impact of climate change.

This article integrates strategy mapping, risk management and management control into a risk‐based approach to strategy execution. It uses strategy mapping as a tool to visually depict the firm's strategy and then assess its risks. Based on this risk assessment, the firm's management control system is designed to manage those risks which are seen to have the greatest probability to negatively impact firm profitability. The proposed framework can be used on a stand‐alone basis or be used to complement Kaplan and Norton's work on strategy mapping.

This article draws from the confluence of the risk management, management control, and strategy mapping literatures to illustrate how firms can improve their handling of risk.

Strategy mapping is an effective tool to identify risks, while Simons' Levers of Control provides an effective alternative to manage the risks identified.

A firm's future profitability depends on its ability to identify and manage risk. Given that firms only profit when they successfully manage risk, the design and application of its management control system must flow from an assessment of the risks assumed in its strategy. The primary advantage of an integrated risk‐based management control system is that it allows managers, in real time, to steer the firm towards the good things that were outlined in its strategy and away from any bad things.

The article extends Kaplan and Norton's work by proposing strategy mapping as a tool to identify and then to help manage risks.

To improve the performance both in terms of patient safety and quality of treatments, this research studies one of the most delicate processes of health organizations, that is to say, the clinical risk management in maternal and child pathway. This paper aims to analyze the accidents that occurred in a complex health facility through the standard mapping of this pathway included in the CartoRisk, i.e. a risk assessment tool for the a priori analysis.

The research uses the case study methodology, as it explores a complex process in which a lot of variables and actors are involved. It analyzes the accidents occurred in the largest health facility at national and European level.

After a presentation of the regulatory framework and the studied health organization, the research analyzes the accidents occurred in maternal and child pathway from 2014 to 2018. It showed the main risks according to the standard mapping of the maternal and child pathway. Furthermore, it identified 11 new risks mainly associated with physiologic birth and Caesarean birth.

This study presents the regulatory framework, the health facility and the accidents of a health organization. Moreover, besides the accident analysis, the research integrates further risks into the standard mapping adopted to carry out this study and proposes a risk management approach. Therefore, the value of the research for operators will consist of the integration of the standard mapping used for a priori analysis to be reused in the hospitals where they work, while for researchers it will represent a deep knowledge of a real case.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the application of documentation and recording techniques for World Heritage conservation using the case studies of the Petra Archeological Park (PAP) in Jordan and the Silk Roads Cultural Heritage Information System (CHRIS) in Central Asia. In the PAP case study, these techniques could aid in the assessment of risks faced by World Heritage properties and threats to the integrity of the Outstanding Universal Values (OUV). With respect to the Silk Roads CHRIS case study the Geospatial Content Management System (Geo‐CMS) proposed aims to improve information management and collaboration among all stakeholders.

Integrated surveying techniques and information management systems together with active stakeholder participation can be used as conservation and management tools. In the case of PAP, using a systematic documentation tool (MEGA‐J) to conduct site condition and risk assessment of cultural heritage and combining photographs, maps and GPS measurements within a GIS platform allows for identifying the location and intensity of risks, and the degree of vulnerability within the PAP boundaries and buffer zone. In the Silk Roads CHRIS project the Geo‐CMS brings together data from different fields, e.g. geography, geology, history, conservation, to allow for a holistic approach towards documentation, protection and management of a number of diverse sites to be combined in serial transnational World Heritage.

The study provides insight into how digital technologies can aid in heritage documentation and conservation, including stakeholder involvement and training. Moreover, by means of the two case studies it can be shown that a combination of digital technologies allows for an efficient mapping of buffer zones and risks and how a Geo‐CMS can form a common platform to manage large quantities of information of different origin and make it accessible to stakeholders in transnational projects.

This paper discusses the use of digital technology and the participation of stakeholders in heritage conservation and documentation when dealing with complex World Heritage properties, e.g. serial transnational and archaeological ensembles at high risk.

This paper seeks to present an approach to the improvement of the risk analysis of construction projects by linking risk analysis to the potential variances in time and cost performance of endogenous variables. This link is synchronous, such that changes in either the cost or time schedule variables are uniquely modelled to the overall time and cost profile of a project.

The presented approach is based on synchronous time and cost scheduling, simulation and the methodology presented here develops technical indicators on the basis of virtual management momentum (VMM).

The paper shows a potential improvement to management decision making by the use of VMM. Senior management can test alternative strategies and develop probability matrices defining the potential results.

The current model simulates the impact of endogenous risks, and therefore by implication excludes all exogenous risks. This limitation can be removed by the introduction of other risk vectors, but is beyond the scope of the current research.

The mapping technique utilised to display these changes makes the appreciation of such impacts visually simple and is extremely effective in improving the management of endogenous project risk.

Mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are widely used in disaster research and practice. While, in some cases, these practices incorporate methods inspired by critical cartography and critical GIS, they rarely engage with the theoretical discussions that animate those fields.

In this commentary, the author considers three such discussions, and draws out their relevance for disaster studies: the turn towards processual cartographies, political economy analysis of datafication and calls for theorising computing of and from the South.

The review highlights how these discussions can contribute to the work of scholars engaged in mapping for disaster risk management and research. First, it can counter the taken-for-granted nature of disaster-related maps, and encourage debate about how such maps are produced, used and circulated. Second, it can foster a reflexive attitude towards the urge to quantify and map disasters. Third, it can help to rethink the role of digital technologies with respect to ongoing conversations on the need to decolonise disaster studies.

The paper aims to familiarise disaster studies scholars with literature that has received relatively little attention in this field and, by doing so, contribute to a repoliticisation of disaster-related maps.

The purpose of this paper is to study an articulated warning system that provides information about the heritage at risk and encourages a dialogue between the heritage sector, civil defense agencies and local communities.

The databases from the National Heritage Institute, National Civil Defense, National Geological Service and National Early Warning System were investigated and the local community provided input which helped form a participatory risk mapping strategy for a warning system in the heritage sector.

There is little knowledge of the Brazilian heritage that is at risk and a lack of coordination between the cultural heritage and DRR sectors. This means that there is a need to organize the geo-referenced databases so that information can be shared and the public provided with broader access. As a result, there can be a greater production, dissemination and application of knowledge to help protect the cultural heritage.

The findings can be included in the debate about the importance of framing disaster risk management (DRM) policies in the Brazilian heritage sector.

The findings and maps of the case study in the town of São Luiz do Paraitinga involve the heritage sector, civil defense agencies and local people and can be used for disaster risk preparedness.

A DRM program is being formulated in Brazil. However, the kind of strategy needed to incorporate the heritage sector in this program stills needs to be planned, and the knowledge of the cultural heritage at risk is a key factor when faced with this new social and scientific challenge.