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This research has the potential to contribute to the understanding of the sustainable ground handling operations framework. Ramp operations as the main system of ground handling include critical services for aircraft/airlines. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors in ramp operations for all related stakeholders’ awareness to enhance flight safety. Classifying risk factors, the four main performance fields under risk taxonomy is determined. Thus, managers may allocate resources effectively to handle related threats for corporate sustainability.

New taxonomy with human performance value indicators, which sources from the environment is developed. New developed taxonomy is entitled as “environmental value approach,” which represents environmental value-based approach. The developed new risk factors taxonomy is divided into groups such as ramp personnel, organizational, sustainability-based risk factors: triple view and ergonomics obtained from an extensive literature review and experts’ opinions in the field of human performance.

The findings of this research show that managers need a risk management-oriented approach to manage the human factor affecting performance and sustainability. The newly developed taxonomy offers not only identifying the sources of unsafe operational risk factors but also using as a decision-support tool to manage risks for achieving their sustainability goals. When managerial decisions are made according to risk taxonomy and managing these risks, then corporate performance and individual performance may improve.

The new taxonomy presents the performance-based management of the human factor with a holistic and systematic risk management-based approach. There is no risk taxonomy study designed considering ramp operations and sustainability-based human factor performance.

Contemporary management and strategy mean optimization of ingredient factors such as human factors, systems, operations and equipment. With system approach in management and strategy, human risk factor as input has considerable potential to change results as airworthiness in aviation management. The managers of aviation business also optimize their functions to act safe while making contribution to development in triple of sustainability as economic development and its sustainability; social development and its sustainability; and environmental development and its sustainability. Corporate sustainability can be accomplished via supporting workforce which is the human risk factor. To support (empowerment) workforce, researchers should identify human risk or error factors which are important to this research. The purpose of this study is to suggest holistic framework for working environment system of aircraft maintenance technicians (AMTs) within two respects such as human performance (ergonomics) and corporate performance (sustainability). The secondary purpose of this system is to develop human risk taxonomy by determining the factors affecting both human and work by taking ergonomic aspects in aviation.

In this study, a taxonomy of human risk factors for AMTs is developed. These human factors divided into groups and subfactors are obtained from an extensive literature review and experts’ opinions in the field of human performance in aviation. Taxonomy developed will be useful to both sharing and using corporate sources in sustainable way.

Human risk factors can be considered or accepted as factors that cause human error. This may result in the optimum way to managing human risk factor via minimizing human-based error. Personality, hazardous attitudes, individual characteristics, physical/psychological condition of AMTs and corporate social responsibility factors are human-related risk variables in this study. The risks and error can be reduced by recognizing these factors and revealing their relation to ergonomic design.

The results of this study are intended to constitute a guide for managers to manage risk factors and to take corrective and preventive actions for their maintenance operations. It is believed that this study is highly important for the aviation sector in terms of raising awareness or providing awareness for similar practices. As taxonomy of the risk factors contributes to the managing human error, corrective actions related to these factors must be taken by managers.

Extant theory tends to treat Organizational Culture (OC) and fraud-related values as static, characterizing culture as synonymous with potential ethical values − but devoting less attention to how the culture and values arose and where they are headed. Buffer/conduit theory proposes that accountants learn to use a taxonomy containing three dynamic layers: collective fraud orientation, a buffer/conduit layer, and individual fraud orientation. The middle layer contains OC-related internal controls that buffer the orientation layers from spreading fraud-encouraging values, and serve as conduits transmitting fraud-deterring values − or, when controls do not function as intended, transmitting fraud-encouraging values. A factor analysis of 11 indicators of this three-layer taxonomy suggests that older generations of accounting practitioners apply the taxonomy, but millennials do not. Predisposition to commit fraud is especially salient to internally focused millennials, who uniquely perceive recruitment and training as compensating mechanisms and as collective buffers.

Large-scale projects are the typical delivery model in the engineering and construction industry, with their very own characteristics. Even though well established, only 1 in 1,000 large-scale projects is successful (Flyvbjerg, 2011). A lack of effective supply chain risk management (SCRM) has repeatedly been identified as one of the main causes. While the SCRM body of knowledge seems increasingly well established, a lack of effective methods meeting the specific requirements of large-scale projects can be observed.

This paper presents a structured and prioritized view on the supply chain risk portfolio in this sector: first, the authors identified and categorized the key supply chain risks in the recent literature. Next, the authors surveyed large-scale project managers across multiple industries, mainly coming from the domains of supply chain management and project management. Finally, the authors provide a contextualized risk taxonomy for engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) projects.

The identified risk portfolio deviates from generic projects significantly and shows a very high inherent risk exposure of large-scale projects. In particular, behavioral risks are identified as crucial. Additionally, a bias to considerably underestimate risks at project beginning is found.

The contextualized SCRM taxonomy offers a systematic and structured view on the key supply chain risks in EPC large-scale projects. The identified risks are considerably different in their characteristics compared to generic projects or classical SCRM approaches. The authors thus provide a new perspective on SCRM in this specific setting and complement traditional risk and project risk management techniques.

Aviation has multi-cultural business environment in all aspects as operational and management. Managing aviation requires high awareness on human factor risk which includes organizational behavior-related topics. The greatest risk to an enterprise’s ability to achieve its strategic goals and objectives is the human factor. Both organizational behavior and corporate culture behavior with social psychology are the most vital aspects of management and strategy in terms of human resources. Related risks, including organizational behavior and culture, have the potential to directly impact on both business performance and corporate sustainability. Therefore, in this paper, the most prominent risks were determined in accordance with social psychology, and after identification of human factor-based risks, these have prioritized and prepared risk mapping with fresh approach. For this reason, this study aims to develop risk mapping model for human factors that takes into account interrelations among risk factors three dimensional based new approach. This approach includes both identification of human factor based risks, prioritization them and setting risk mapping according to corporate based qualifications via tailoring risk list. Developed risk map in this paper will help to manage corporate risks to achieve improved performance and sustainability.

This new organizational behavior- and culture-focused risk mapping model developed in this study has the potential to make significant contribution to the management of the human factor for modern management and strategy. In enterprise risk management system, risk mapping is both strong and effective strategic methodology to manage ergonomics issue with strategic approach. Human factor is both determinative and also strategic element to both continuity and performance of business operations with safely and sound. In view of management and strategy, vitally, the human factor determines the outcome in both every business and every decision-making.

It is assumed that, if managers manage human risk you may get advantages to achieving corporate strategies in timely manner. Aviation is sensitive sector for its ingredients: airports, airlines, air traffic management, aircraft maintenance, pilotage and ground handling. Aim of this paper is to present risk management approach to optimize human performance while minimizing both failures and errors by aircraft maintenance technician (AMT). This model may apply all human factors in other departments of aviation such as pilots and traffic controllers. AMT is key component of aircraft maintenance. Thus, errors made by AMTs will cause aircraft accidents or incidents or near miss incidents. In this study, new taxonomy model for human risk factors in aircraft maintenance organizations has been designed, and also new qualitative risk assessment as three dimensions is carried out by considering the factors affecting the AMT’s error obtained from extensive literature review and expert opinions in the field of aviation. Human error risks are first categorized into two main groups and sub three groups and then prioritized using the risk matrix via triple dimension as probability, severity and interrelations ratio between risks.

Risk mapping is established to decide which risk management option they will apply for managers when they will look at this map. Managers may use risk map to both identify their managerial priorities and share sources to managing risks, and make decisions on risk handling options. This new model may be a useful new tool to manage ergonomic human factor-based risks in developing strategy in aviation business management. In addition, this paper will contribute to department of management and strategy and related literature.

This study has originality via new modeling of risk matrix. In this study, dimension of risk analysis has been improved as three dimensions. This study has new approach and new assessment of risk with likelihood (probability), impact (severity) and interrelations ratio. This new model may be a useful new tool to both assess and prioritize mapping of ergonomic-based risks in business management. In addition, this research will contribute to aviation management and strategy literature and also enterprise risk management literature.

Green construction has begun implementing sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, but there has not yet been an assessment for green construction supply chain risks in the literature. Identification and assessment of potential risks will result in more appropriate risk mitigation strategies to overcome disruptions affecting higher performance. Thus, this study aims to identify green construction supply chain risks of residential mega-projects.

Interpretive structural modeling (ISM) provided a hierarchical model composed of seven layers that elucidated the driving influences between the elements. Matrice d’impacts croises-multiplication appliqúe an classement (MICMAC) analysis classified the elements into the driver, linkage and dependent variables based on their dependence and driving powers, providing a clearer understanding of risk factors and their influential characteristics. Using experts' knowledge and experience is compatible with the subjective nature of ‘supply chain risks’ and is more suitable while collecting pertinent quantitative data which is far more challenging.

Tenable output, using an international expert group, addressed key risk factors. Technical expertise and skilled labor, key customers, and corporate culture are found as elements with most driving power, and the final product and logistics coordination and supply chain configuration found as the most dependent risk factors. Managerial implications addressed the most fundamental risk sources and suggested practical proactive risk management approaches to maximize green supply chain performance.

Identified supply chain oriented key risk factors of the residential green mega projects add novelty to the context of green construction projects' supply chain management. And eliciting the influential relations of the key risk factors provide a bigger picture of key risks in green residential mega projects that can be extended by sub-risks related to process activities. Assessing supply chain risks' interactions in the context of green residential mega projects is a novel contribution to mega construction-project management's body of knowledge. Also, the key risk factors were categorized based on the characteristics known as driving power and dependence.

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the development of supply chain management (SCM) introduction in the construction industry, investigating the risk factors affecting the implementation of SCM principles.

To achieve the research objective a literature review approach was adopted, which involved the selection and classification of about 140 research articles. Papers were critically classified and analyzed according to a risk management (RM) perspective.

Results from the literature review identified a lack of construction supply chain risk management (CSCRM) literature which is mainly conceptual and descriptive and focused especially on the risk assessment phase. A total of 13 common risk factors are identified in literature and critically analyzed considering eight key perspectives. These stress the attention on the project planning phase and confirm the main contractor as the main promoter for the SCM practice.

The developed model has to be further investigated and tested with empirical case studies and its major limitation results from a subjective selection of researches and from the comparison between findings with distinct aims.

The research explores SCM literature in the construction field, spanning a period of 11 years (2000‐2011). None of the review dealing with SCM principles focuses on the risk management area in the construction field. Findings constitute a first attempt for the development of an operative risk assessment framework supporting a successfully implementation of SCM in the Sector. Gaps in research are described in order to give a contribution and encourage additional works.

In the last years the penetration of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems within small, medium and large organizations increased steadily. Organizations are forced to adapt their systems and perform ERP upgrades in order to react to rapidly changing business environments, technological enhancements and rising pressure of competition. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the critical success factors for such projects.

The paper is based on a literature review and qualitative interviews with CEOs, CIOs, ERP consultants and project managers who recently carried out ERP upgrade projects in their respective organizations.

This paper identifies 14 critical success factors for ERP upgrade projects. Amongst others, effective project management, external support, the composition of the ERP team and the usage of a multiple system landscape play a key role for the success of the ERP upgrade. Furthermore, a comparison to the critical success factors for ERP implementation projects was conducted, and even though there are many similarities between these types of projects, several differences emerged.

ERP upgrade projects have a huge impact on organizations, but their success and antecedents for it are currently under-researched.

Identifying and prioritizing the risks are considered as critical issues in risk management; otherwise, non-considering the risks will lead to the problems such as delays in project implementation, increased costs, loss of reputation, loss of clients, reduced revenue and liquidity and even bankruptcy. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

In this paper, the factors influencing the organization risk tolerance level were identified. Then, the factors increasing and decreasing the risk tolerance level were determined by a decision-making model. Finally, a comprehensive model was considered for risk measuring and preparing a risk failure structure chart, in order to determine the factors influencing it as well as the measurement criteria and then they were ranked using the taxonomy method. In this study, the size of the statistical population was 130 (six small and medium manufacturer and service provider companies). Based on Cochran’s sample size formula, 97 questionnaires containing 30 questions were randomly distributed among the population. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.

Given the hypotheses of this study, the first hypothesis was rejected and the other hypotheses were accepted. The final ranking was done using the taxonomy method; the personality of the project manager was ranked at first; income, credit and capital were ranked second and the number of personnel was ranked third. Moreover, the TOPSIS method was used for ranking to compare the results.

In this research, the identification and ranking of these factors have taken place in several small- and medium-sized organizations; in addition, the rankings are conducted using the taxonomy decision-making method.