Search results

This article examines the application of "resource dependency theory" to transnational corporations (TNCs) operating in host countries like Bangladesh to explain the relationship between the TNCs and Bangladesh. Data indicate that while the TNCs' participation in a third world host country is encouraged primarily for promoting its economic development, TNCs are mainly attracted by market size, purchasing capacities (determined mainly by GNP) of the population, and stable political condition of the country. Although examination of the application of resource dependency theory provides some insights into understanding the complicated relationship between TNCs and Bangladesh, several other factors, not explained by resource dependency theory, help explain the behavior of TNCs in a host country

Specialized police gang units are a rapidly emerging form of concentrated social control. Prior research, however, into the creation of specialized gang units suffers from a number of theoretical and methodological shortcomings. These shortcomings make it difficult to understand which of several potential explanations can best account for the establishment of specialized police gang units. Three perspectives are examined that have been hypothesized by policymakers and academics to explain the creation of gang units: contingency theory, social threat theory, and resource dependency theory. Using data obtained from police departments and communities around the country, the explanatory power of measures derived from these three theories is explored, while controlling for several environmental and organizational influences.

The purpose of this paper is to understand how reverse resource exchanges and resource dependencies are managed in the service supply chain (SSC) of returnable transport packaging (RTP).

A single case study was conducted in the context of automotive logistics focusing on the RTP SSC. Data were collected through 16 interviews, primarily with managers of a logistics service provider (LSP) and document analysis of contractual agreements with key customers of the packaging service.

Resource dependencies among actors in the SSC result from the importance of the RTP for the customer’s production processes, the competition among users for RTP and the negative implications of the temporary unavailability of RTP for customers and the LSP (in terms of service performance). Amongst other things, the LSP is dependent on its customers and third-party users (e.g. the customer’s suppliers) for the timely return of package resources. The role of inter-firm integration and collaboration, formal contracts as well as customers’ power and influence over third-party RTP users are stressed as key mechanisms for managing LSP’s resource dependencies.

A resource dependence theory (RDT) lens is used to analyse how reverse resource exchanges and associated resource dependencies in SSCs are managed, thus complementing the existing SSC literature emphasising the bi-directionality of resource flows. The study also extends the recent SSC literature stressing the role of contracting by empirically demonstrating how formal contracts can be mobilised to explicate resource dependencies and to specify, and regulate, reverse exchanges in the SSC.

The research suggests that logistics providers can effectively manage their resource dependencies and regulate reverse exchanges in the SSC by deploying contractual governance mechanisms and leveraging their customers’ influence over third-party RTP users.

The study is novel in its application of RDT, which enhances our understanding of the management of reverse exchanges and resource dependencies in SSCs.

The deployment of blockchain technology (BT) throughout the supply chain is usually led by large firms that dominate the supply chain. Leading firms can encourage other resource-constrained partners to get on board by providing technical and financial support. However, due to the uncertain consequences of relying on leading firms, these partners may still be reluctant to adopt BT. Drawing on resource dependence theory, this study aims to investigate whether and when supply chain alignment can be used as a dependency coping strategy to increase the willingness of resource-constrained partners to adopt BT. Moreover, it aims to examine the motivators for supply chain alignment.

This study adopted a survey research design and collected data from 364 small and medium-sized enterprises in China.

Supply chain alignment positively affects BT adoption. The effect of supply chain alignment on BT adoption is contingent on guanxi (a Chinese cultural tradition of interpersonal connections that facilitate a mutual exchange of favors). Relative advantage, technology complexity, organizational readiness and cost are motivators for supply chain alignment. Supply chain alignment mediates the effect of cost, technology complexity and relative advantage on BT adoption.

This research addresses the problem of resource dependency in the context of BT adoption which has been overlooked by previous research. Moreover, this paper enriches the BT literature by identifying supply chain alignment as an important channel for technology–organization–environment factors to influence BT adoption.

In this study, research problem has been designed as a fleet-based optimization problem. This paper aims to present fleet modelling with risk taxonomy. Fleet modelling has been assumed as strategic multi-criteria decision-making problem to capacity building. Capacity building risk management is an essential element within the scope of its strategy to ensure sustainable corporate performance. Optimization is a fundamental target in aviation business’ strategy and management since the manager make decisions in their multi-interrelated criteria environment. Also, aviation is a highly regulated sector, and its operational and business procedures have certain limits by both national and international authorities. For this reason, companies implement risk management for strategic optimization while performing operations in compliance with the legislation. Risk management with capacity building and resource dependency perspective applied for strategic optimization aims to capture opportunities and result in threats with minimum accidents and incidents.

The taxonomy and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) have been identified as methodologies in this research. The type of training in the high organizational performance of an approved training organization, strategy, resources and allocations with the corporate objectives, the amount and qualifications of the flight crew, their professionalism, maintenance team and licenses, hangar conditions and capacity, authority requirements and limits, region conditions, altitude and meteorology, student profile, together with a multi-criteria decision are to be considered. For each criterion, there are resources and thus resource dependence. In this study, the analytical network process method was used. In the construction of new taxonomy, specific criteria have been considered, and the analysis has been accomplished as multi-criteria decision-making problem because of the relationship and interaction between them. A number of professionals with high knowledge of the pilots and manager from Air Traffic Organization participated in the study.

The fleet modelling is both strategic and operational decision issue for training organizations. In this issue, there is a vital problem as which aircrafts should include fleet? Main criteria and sub-criteria are analyzed by AHP method and sorted according to their priorities and the fleet qualifications consisting of the most suitable aircraft/aircraft are presented. The finding and suggestions will contribute to establish sustainable organization in based on capacity building and resource dependency for managers. While analyzing main criteria, the important criteria which were found were strategic and then operational. After ordering main criteria, sub-criteria were analyzed and were multiplicated with their items. According to study findings, aircraft suitability for training model is the most important item. It follows respectively aircraft maintenance sustainability, cost of aircraft supply and faculty budget adequacy. However, operation characteristics of the square that is less important item was found. It was seen that the strategies used to manage dependencies used the bridge strategy. The results we obtained with the interviews with pilot managers are very significant in terms of resource dependence on the subject of fleet optimization. While first criterion is operational, it continues with strategic and financial criteria. After interviews with pilot managers, it was figured out that maintenance is also very important criteria. For managing this dependency, university has acquisitions, which is one of the strategy to manage dependency, rather than outsourcing. For this reason, maintenance criterion has lower importance than others. When thinking of other criteria, strategic and financial criteria have played an important role. University has tried to decrease dependency and increase sustainability.

Aircraft selection is a strategic decision of fleet modelling in both aviation business and also training organizations via influencing their corporate performance, operational performance, capacity building and their sustainability. There are some factors that limit the criteria, as research problem has been developed for approved training organizations not airlines. For this reason, our research is limited with fleet of training organizations. Our findings and suggestions may be useful for flight schools to managing their resource dependency and also to their capacity building. In this research, new taxonomy has been developed depending on training organizations’ qualifications. Airlines may improve this taxonomy to use in their decision-making process.

The fleets, which were established considering the taxonomy in this study, will be able to manage the risk of resource dependency more successfully. Pilot candidates will be able to provide a more ergonomic and higher quality education. This research and its findings will contribute to the development of organizations’ accurate and timely decision-making skills. Resource dependency may threat organizational sustainability in our research, New taxonomy and our holistic approach will support organizational efforts to achieve sustainable strategies.

New taxonomy to modelling fleet that has been developed in this research may provide contribution to approved training organizations for both managing resource dependency-based risks and to capacity building-related decision-making process. This research may serve organizations as strategic decision-making tool. And also this kind of study may contribute to improve sustainability of organizations and serve more good fleet for their pilot candidates. For these reasons, this research may create social implications, as both resource using and capacity building will make contribution for society and add value.

This research presents new risk taxonomy and criteria. Also new taxonomy and its criteria are analysed with AHP. It is thought that this research shows risk management-based approach for fleet modelling creates benefits for approved training organizations to using their limited sources effectively and efficiently. The article includes risk management and capacity building-related approach to decision-making. also, this research presents modeling which will contribute to the management field besides literature. In developing taxonomy process, the analysis has been conducted, based on expert opinions and referred to for these pairwise comparisons. Airlines managers and risk managers may examine their fleet modelling according to our taxonomy which is based on risk management.

This research aimed to measure the influence of resource dependency (trading and/or shareholder's dependencies) squad age structure by building archetypes to identify strategic dominant schemes.

Based on the Ligue 1 football clubs from the 2009/2010 season to the 2018/2019 data, the authors use the k-means classification to build archetypes of resource dependency and squad structure variables. The influence of resource dependency on squad structure is then analysed through a table of contingency.

Firstly, the authors identify archetypes of resource dependency with some clubs that are dependent on the transfer market and others that do not count on sales to balance their account. Secondly, they provide different archetypes of squad structure choices. The contingency between those archetypes allows to identify three main strategic schemes (avoidance, shaping and adaptation).

The research tests an original relationship between resource dependency of clubs and their human resource strategy to respond to it. This paper can help to provide detailed profiles for big clubs looking for affiliate clubs to know which clubs have efficient academy or player development capacities.

The process of public sector reform in the United Kingdom continues to provoke debate. Even among advocates of the reform process there is a concern that improvements in public service provision have not been as marked as originally intended, and that the process has produced a variety of unintended consequences. The purpose of this paper is to explore possible explanations for these unintended consequences, and discuss possible practical solutions for policy makers and service commissioners.

In this conceptual paper focus is in particular upon attempting to explain managerial behaviour from insights offered by two well‐established managerial theories – stakeholder theory and resource dependency theory. Insights from these theories are used to explain the possible causes of the unintended consequences of the reform process. The discussion is illustrated and set in context by reference to a continuum of service delivery modes from monopoly provision through to full competition.

Theory suggests that managers inevitably prioritise the interests of what they identify as their key stakeholders, and particularly those providing critical resources. In the case of public services this means that the interests of government, as the commissioner and funder of services, are prioritised rather than the end‐users of services. Examples of how this distorts the objectives of government are highlighted. It is argued that understanding this aspect of managerial decision‐making and stakeholder prioritising opens up the potential to resolve the problem.

This is the first paper to address the question of managerial behaviour from these theoretical perspectives in the area of the public sector reform process.

To understand why the penetration of handset-based mobile payment in most countries is still low has been an important research topic for the last 15 years, and it has been analyzed from different perspectives. However, the analysis of a single aspect cannot provide a sophisticated answer to the complicated underlying question. The purpose of this paper is to understand how a relatively successful m-payment ecosystem is created and sustained through the coopetition of various actors.

To that end, the authors analyze the case of Alipay wallet, the m-payment service provider with the largest market share in China, and focus on understanding the motivations and subsequent actions of the organizations cooperating in the Alipay wallet core ecosystem.

The results show that actors with heterogeneous and complementary resources can forge sustainable collaboration. Within an ecosystem, although always constrained by resources and capabilities, the actions that the core actors take and the resulting power imbalances are dynamically changing, reflecting actors’ aim of reducing uncertainty.

The main limitation of this case is that it was conducted in a Chinese context, which has specific features that may not apply to other cases. In addition, this study is based on a single case study in a single country, without comparing the results to any other cases or countries. Therefore, some modifications may have to be made when applying the framework and generalizing the results.

With regards to the practical perspective, the Alipay case may serve as an example that other providers follow, taking similar actions to increase the dependency of others and reduce their own dependency on others. It is helpful to take a keystone strategy to create value within the ecosystem and share this value with other participants. Moreover, Alipay acts as the platform provider, in addition to managing value creation within the ecosystem and sharing that value with the other participants. Alipay focuses on the business and strategic needs of the core actors, without threatening their main business, for example, Alipay focuses on micro-payments, which does not pose a direct competition to banks, who mainly rely on macro-payments to generate profit. Micro-payments are often related to high transaction costs for banks. In addition, although it is difficult to define the boundaries of actors in the ecosystem, the core business of every actor is the key competitive or even survival condition. This notion should be taken into consideration by actors whose actions affect the business of other ecosystem partners. For instance, Alipay will not aim to become a bank, as they know that if they do so, they cannot connect any other bank to their platform. In other words, the scope and boundary of the actors are clearly identified so that the core business will not be threatened. Sords, we can learn from Alipay that it pays off to focus on one area, and not to let your competitors challenge you.

The authors proposed the StReS framework for analyzing a business ecosystem by combining resource-based review, resource dependency theories and network analysis for investigating the motivations of the organizations cooperating in the core ecosystem and the actions they have taken to reduce dependency and uncertainty.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the Eurozone financial crisis by discussing the experiences of Greece, Ireland and Spain. It particularly examines the influence and actions of the Troika in the management of the sovereign debt crisis in the Eurozone.

The primary source of information for this study has been the documents of the Greek, Irish and Spanish Governments (often only available in their native language) and the reports of EU bodies and the IMF, supplemented by media coverage, as deemed appropriate. This has been analysed on a comparative basis to contrast the experiences of these three countries.

This study reveals how the Eurozone crisis has impacted on financially weak countries in this currency union. The fiscal conservatism of the Troika (the IMF, the EU and the European Central Bank) has had profound consequences for these economies, which have experienced dramatic cuts in public services.

This study has focused on the experiences of three countries in the Eurozone. There is a case for extending this analysis to other Eurozone countries.

There are two approaches to recession – governments can stimulate demand by infrastructure spending or take the financial conservatism route of reducing public expenditure and public sector borrowing. However, the severity of the crisis undermines the first approach and there are uncertain outcomes with the second approach. This paper shows the effects of adopting financial conservatism as a strategy in this crisis.

The austerity programmes pursued by the governments in this study have led to unemployment, migration of skilled workers, collapse in property markets, failing banks and social unrest.

This study takes an accounting perspective on the Eurozone crisis. This offers a distinctive interpretation of events. This study examines the merits of widely used theories in studies of public sector change namely legitimation and resource dependency theory intertwined with power and offers insights into how meaningful they are in explaining the dramatic influence of austerity programmes in the Eurozone.

Conventional theories of market entry assume choice availability. This investment assumption is subject to challenges in the power generation market of an emerging economy where the host government controls most key resources and market entry choices. With such constraints, entrants become heavily dependent on their host country partners. This study investigates how the resource dependency frameworks explain better in respect of some US power generation firms that manage to operate electricity facilities in China whereas some have to abort. Using cross‐case analysis, patterns emerged illustrate how two groups of entrants manage key resources differently.