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The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of resource‐sharing trends in the USA and internationally.

The article uses personal experience and views supported with background literature.

The article highlights recent developments in resource‐sharing standards, updated resource‐sharing statistics, describes new initiatives, and explores the implications of recent corporate mergers and product withdrawals.

The article provides a high level, and personal view of selected trends in North American resource sharing.

Understanding challenges like restrictive licenses, fees to recover costs that price information out of reach of some patrons, and high shipping costs help libraries provide focus on what needs to be researched to make improvements. Successful tools to facilitate resource sharing such as the power of groups, ability to easily discover holdings and transmit interlibrary loan requests in efficient methods using standards all contribute to improved resource sharing. This should eventually help improve resource sharing for libraries in Kansas and in Bulgaria even if they do not necessarily need to exchange information to meet the needs of their local patrons.

In the early 1980s the state of Illinois formed a state‐wide resource sharing consortium under a state network called ILLINET, founded on an OCLC‐based bibliographic database and a consortium of 18 regional library systems. This consortium successfully supported resource sharing among all types of library for nearly 15 years. In the mid‐1990s, financial and technical developments led to the dissolving of the consortium and the realignment of some of its major academic library members with other academic libraries outside the original group. Thus what was once considered a model for the future of multi‐type library consortia became a dysfunctional and non‐operative organisation. This paper examines the financial, political, and technical factors that led to these changes and assesses the short‐ and long‐term impacts on resource sharing for users of the original consortium. Other similar resource sharing consortia models are examined and compared with the Illinois experience. Possible lessons and implications are discussed and possible outcomes listed.

This paper traces the demise of joined up ILL across the Regional and National Libraries of the UK by the setting up of Unity (Combined Regions) and the change of status of LASER. It also documents the long‐term development of Viscount/V3 and the effect upon resource sharing along with other significant developments. Examines the new regional bodies and The People's Network in their contribution to, and effect upon, resource sharing. Details the history of LASER's development of electronic messaging and resource sharing from Viewdata through to Viscount and on to V3.Web.

This study aims to investigate the role of interfirm alliances in the form of resource sharing in influencing the access to finance of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia. Further, the effect of different forms of resource sharing – tangible and intangible – is also studied.

Survey questionnaire was distributed to 456 SMEs in the manufacturing sector and a total of 146 responses were gathered. However, out of these, only 88 responses could be used as only these SMEs had alliances with large firms. Investigation into the relationship between interfirm alliances and SME access to finance was carried out using structural equation modeling – partial least squares.

It is found that interfirm alliances play a significant positive role in influencing SME access to finance. As interfirm alliances are measured as the extent of resource sharing, further analysis is carried out on the different forms of resource sharing, i.e. tangible and intangible. Tangible resource (asset and cost) sharing significantly influences SME access to finance but intangible resource (knowledge and information) sharing does not.

This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of interfirm alliances on the financing of SMEs. So far, most studies have only focused on the management and technological gains of interfirm alliances. Therefore, this study contributes significantly to literature on resource sharing among firms.

Although resource sharing between scholars is evolving rapidly, This paper uses paper-based interlibrary lending (ILL) procedures in the service repertoire of academic libraries. However, the current business model of acquiring toll-access journals and e-books does not seem to fit very well with traditional ILL practices. In addition, the new models of peer-to-peer resource sharing between academics seem to be much more effective than ILL. Scholars arrange access to the needed publications by using legal (buying, exchanging) and illegal means (Sci-Hub, etc.). Furthermore, the demands for open access have increased, voiced not only by librarians and science funders but also by politicians. This development might change the scholarly publication ecosystem, even though older publications are still likely to remain closed.

This paper contrasts the ILL and usage statistics of Finnish university libraries with the use of ResearchGate, a popular academic social network, which we treat as an example of a peer-to-peer sharing service.

Based on the data, there seems to be a change of paradigm in the resource sharing: the traditional ILL seems to be decreasing and becoming more like a niche service and the digital use and use of social media peer-to-peer resource sharing applications seem to increase rapidly.

The paper examines current resource sharing trends. The analysis is based on the data of Finnish resource sharing, interlibrary lending and ResearchGate usage.

This study aims to examine the status, explores the hurdles and identifies the prospects for developing a union catalogue of university libraries in Lahore, Pakistan.

Following a quantitative research approach, a questionnaire was developed from literature and authors’ experience. After ensuring its validity and reliability, data were collected from librarians after the census. A total of 105 librarians were approached, of whom 73 (71%) responded to the survey.

University libraries in Lahore are well organized, have adequate collections and information technology-literate staff, are well automated, have good internet connections, are equipped with integrated software, follow cataloguing rules and MARC standards; however, the absence of standardized software, lack of funds, absence of uniform policy, professional workload and absence of standardized vocabulary are significant challenges. Private-sector librarians reported facing more challenges. Librarians consider all prospects vital for developing a union catalogue. These prospects include the availability of relevant information, incentives to librarians, coordination with librarians, a realization that sharing is caring, the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan taking initiative and librarians’ training.

University librarians in Lahore are ready to cooperate with the development of a union catalogue; however, they seek support from higher authorities, professional library associations and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first of its kind that examines the status, explores the hurdles and identifies the prospects for developing a union catalogue of university libraries in Lahore. It would lead to the development of a union catalogue of university libraries in Pakistan.

Using the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, this study explores the effect of religiosity, resource sharing and environmental attitudes on minimalist behaviour in sharing economy-based services and its subsequent influence on customer citizenship behaviour.

This research employed a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional design, examining data from 530 Indian tourists who used sharing economy-based services. The proposed conceptual model was evaluated through partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), and the impact of control variables was examined via PLS-multi-group analysis (PLS-MGA).

The study findings validated that religiosity, resource sharing and environmental attitudes significantly foster minimalist behaviour in sharing economy-based services. This minimalist behaviour, in turn, positively impacts customer citizenship behaviour, affecting aspects such as tolerance, feedback, advocacy and assistance to others. The model's outcomes also indicated the substantial moderating roles of age and gender.

This study is novel in its exploration of how religiosity, resource sharing and environmental attitudes as stimuli can shape minimalist behaviour within sharing economy-based services and further influence customer citizenship behaviour. By uncovering the significant roles of age and gender in this context, the research offers unique insights into understanding the dynamics of consumer behaviour within the burgeoning sharing economy. The findings provide valuable direction for stakeholders in the sharing economy and policymakers aiming to cultivate positive consumer behaviours and advance the sector's sustainability.

The purpose of this article is to report on the latest developments at OCLC and OCLC PICA to facilitate resource sharing and end user delivery.

The article provides a descriptive insight into the work of OCLC and OCLC PICA.

Three key strategies underlie the joint OCLC and OCLC PICA approach to resource sharing: fulfillment by any means; support for both mediated and unmediated request and delivery; and provision of a comprehensive, modular framework with entry at any level.

The widening of the international discovery network for materials, better knowledge, use of loan and alternative supply policies, and simplified cooperative payment systems. Libraries are encouraged to broaden their supply options, including digitize or index on demand or reference lookup.

Provides an insight into the current work of OCLC and OCLC PICA in three areas of concern to librarians involved in resource sharing, particularly at an international level.