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Ireland is the tenth largest producer of drugs. From research undertaken during 1989‐92, aims to identify how Irish industrial policy influences US and European pharmaceutical multinationals to locate part of their global subsidiaries in the Republic of Ireland. Sent questionnaires to 70 chief executive officers of US and European subsidiaries in Ireland (60 per cent response rate) and followed these with in‐depth interviews. Discusses the strategic locational factors and shows that government grants are only really attractive to European firms, but that low corporate tax (a standard corporation tax rate of 10 per cent until the year 2010) is the most important locational factor for both US and European firms. Other factors include high drug prices in Ireland (representing a positive return on investment); and the availability of low cost but highly skilled labour.

In the last five years, major surveys of the eating habits of adolescents have been conducted in three parts of the British Isles, and this paper presents a comparison of the results. In April and May 1980 McSweeney and Kevany conducted a 24‐hour dietary recall and also asked some additional questions of 507 pupils, 94 per cent of whom were aged 15 or 16, in ten schools in the Republic of Ireland. In March and April 1981, the National Dairy Council also used a 24‐hour dietary recall with 1,748 children in the age range 5–18, but recorded their findings in three age‐groups, the oldest of which, 14–18, is used in this comparison. In December 1976–January 1977, McGuffin (unpublished thesis, 1979) conducted a general investigation of health knowledge and behaviour, which included questions on nutrition and general dietary practice, with a sample of 2,444 fifth form pupils (average age 15.9 years) in 167 grammar and secondary schools in Northern Ireland.

Work undertaken as part of a research project funded under the European STAR Programme is examined. In the course of a major project on Value Added and Data Services (VADS) in the North of Ireland, an extensive study was conducted of similar developments in the Irish Republic. Some of the more important results of this secondary study are used here to assess the likely implications of enhanced infrastructure provision for the demand for advanced telecommunications services.

Evidence-informed practice (EIP), broadly conceived as a data and research-based approach to enhance practice, has recently come to the fore of the Irish education system. With changes to the structure and duration of professional education over the last decade, most notably Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programs, coupled with the implementation of a school leadership framework upon which a mandatory data-informed school improvement process of school self-evaluation (SSE) is based, multiple reforms connected to EIP have been introduced. Furthermore, in terms of compulsory education, assessment practices at the lower secondary level have also been significantly reformed. EIP has now become a core element of almost all educational reform initiatives in Ireland. This is a remarkable achievement given that prior to the Education Act (Government of Ireland, 1998) the conception that data and research-informed decision-making should form a core component part of school life was rarely conceived if at all in the policy discourse of educational reform. We draw on the Malin et al. (2020) interpretation of Hoods (1998) social cohesion/regulation matrix to describe and classify the Irish system. The chapter concludes with a discussion of key lessons for policy and practice based on Ireland's experience over the course of the last decade.

The chapter will examine the emergence and influence of the restorative justice movement as a bridge between communities, civil society and the state in Ireland. The chapter will focus on the Republic of Ireland, but will also examine restorative conferencing in Northern Ireland. This will be divided into a number of sections, each reflecting the emergence of a movement dedicated to the promotion of restorative justice as a vehicle for a holistic form of community-based justice in Ireland. This chapter covers the history, scope, and philosophical-political background of the restorative justice movement, providing specific examples of the interchange between this restorative justice movement and civil society in Ireland, Northern Ireland and the United States. The wider potential of the restorative justice movement will be highlighted.

This potential is demonstrated in the restorative movement’s challenge to understandings of failed punitive approaches, and through its socially redemptive alternative which emphasises collective responsibility for crime amongst all of the community. The chapter will also examine the international background to restorative justice, and its theoretical understandings, with a focus on key theorists such as Strang and Braithwaite, amongst others. It will examine salient issues that underpin social justice and social control in Ireland, including the potential impacts of restorative justice policy and practice for the wider community and the state.

This chapter examines symphysiotomy in twentieth-century Ireland as one example of a systematized obstetric violence that has characterized Ireland’s modern history. Expanding scholarly interpretations of state- and Church-inflicted abuse of women in the twentieth century, this analysis establishes the medical profession as a central actor alongside the twentieth-century state-Church coalition that regulated women’s reproductive lives and engaged in systematic repression. This chapter recognizes that Ireland’s history of reproductive abuse and coercion did not just involve contraception or abortion but also labor and birth experiences. In addition, it offers a more complete and complex interpretation of obstetric violence by highlighting the experiences of married women with wanted pregnancies; almost all research to date focuses on the experiences of unmarried pregnant women or unwanted pregnancies. This examination of symphysiotomy and obstetric violence in Ireland illuminates the ways in which religious, national, and medical power has been mapped on women’s reproductive bodies, particularly in the decades after independence in 1922. It also makes essential links between Ireland’s past and present, demonstrating that a careful analysis of the history of obstetric violence and the religious underpinnings of it are essential in understanding Ireland today. With this research, we also place symphysiotomy within the context of the global reproductive justice movement, asking how a reproductive justice framework – one that links reproductive rights with social justice – can help us interpret obstetric violence and address the wounds of Ireland’s past.