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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the cooling ability of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) cutting fluid.

An experimental system is devised to find the heat transfer coefficient of MQL under simulated reaming conditions. Cooling rate of the specimen is measured with an infrared camera. The effect of air pressure and oil volume on cooling rate is tested. Metal cutting tests are performed to evaluate the effect of heat transfer coefficient on workpiece temperature.

Convective heat transfer coefficient for MQL increases with increasing air pressure. Oil volume has an indeterminate effect on the heat transfer coefficient; however, it is a dominant factor for controlling temperature during reaming.

The results of the study can provide guidance to optimize the temperature controlling ability of MQL for production.

There is limited information available in literature regarding the heat transfer coefficient of metal working fluids, particularly for MQL. In particular, experiments designed to investigate the effect of air pressure and oil volume on the heat transfer coefficient of the mist have not been previously documented. This information may be used to improve the overall cooling ability of MQL mist, thus increasing its effectiveness at controlling tool wear and maintaining part quality. The other major contribution of this work is to separate the role of the cooling and lubrication for controlling temperature while reaming aluminum. Prior to this study, there has been relatively little research performed for the reaming metal cutting operation, and still less for reaming with MQL. The nature of how metal working fluids control temperature is not fully understood, and this work provides insight as to whether cooling or lubrication plays the dominant role for reaming.

The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance of single- and dual-channel minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) for reaming spool bores in an automotive transmission valve body.

Machining experiments are conducted under various parameters for both single- and dual-channel MQL. Comparison metrics include part surface temperature, spindle power consumption and hole quality. Experimental data from traditional through-tool flood coolant are provided as a baseline for spindle power consumption and part quality.

The results show that with proper tooling and machining parameters, dual-channel MQL can perform equivalently or better than flood coolant. Single-channel MQL was not deemed suitable for this machining application.

The results of the study show that MQL can be successfully applied for precision reaming of aluminum and can provide guidance in developing an MQL system.

Few studies have been performed for reaming holes in general, and very few studies have been performed for reaming with MQL. Reaming is a critical operation used to create holes with precise quality. No study was found in the literature review that directly compared the performance of single- and dual-channel MQL delivery systems.

The individual levels involved in real estate management are thoroughly discussed in the literature. This paper provides a structured meta-analysis of the different theoretical approaches in German-speaking countries. It also investigates the integration of transaction management and technical due diligence into the concepts of organisation theory. In this process, the interfaces are analysed and optimised models are developed for transferring the technical due diligence findings to the operational level.

Interviews with transaction management experts were conducted based on a narrative literature review. These interviews shed light on how the components of transaction management and due diligence are integrated into the transaction process, with a particular focus on technical due diligence. They also provide insights into how the related results are taken into account in relation to the transaction, and how they are transferred into the operational phase.

It becomes apparent that the role of transaction management is not clearly defined and delimited in the structural model of the real estate industry. Technical due diligence findings are usually transferred to the operation of the property via several, manual interfaces with corresponding losses of knowledge. The related models derived and developed for the purpose of operational optimisation define the role of transaction management against a technical background and identify the interfaces to be considered.

The significance of transaction management for subsequent operations is discussed and elaborated on. More specifically, transferring safety-relevant, high-priority findings from the technical due diligence exercise plays a crucial role for the modelling stage. On the implementation level, the derived models serve as a basis for customising the internal organisational structure.

In Germany, there has hardly been any research into the involvement of technical experts in the real estate transaction process to date. This paper provides initial approaches to optimising organisational structures and sustainably integrating technical due diligence findings into real estate operations.

This conceptual paper relates disparate evidence on the factors influencing reading format choice and preference, whether print or digital, in order to inform educational practice and scholarship.

The authors propose a reading event analysis model (REAM) to help guide practitioners and scholars through a consideration of relevant factors, as evidenced by empirical research, to predicting whether print or digital formats will best support the reading and/or learning objectives of a reader in a given reading event in the current technological era.

The evidence synthesized and communicated by the REAM model reflects complex interactions between reader characteristics, task characteristics and text characteristics that influence the effects and outcomes of reading in print or digital format.

This model serves to guide scholars in the design of future empirical studies that account for critical performance variables related to reading comprehension and user preference.

In examining the effects of reading format on learning and the relationship of learning to overall reader format preferences, this model will help educators, educational administrators, industry practitioners, technologists and interface developers transfer current findings to practice, make decisions and determine developmental priorities to meet the needs of readers and learners across a variety of contexts and support the pursuit of equity in education.

This model is necessary and contributes important original synthesis and to an area of scholarship that in recent years has yielded results that at times appear contradictory. The model provides possible resolutions to these apparent contradictions in a construct that lends translational value for practice.

DRILLING, REAMING, COUNTERBORING, THREADBORING, ETC. THROUGHOUT the design of every machined part the designer should follow the practice of visualizing the machining involved, and make a genuine effort to design for “machinability” by avoiding all difficult operations. This factor cannot be over‐emphasized, as it is only too easy to complicate the machining of a part unnecessarily by lack of forethought during the design.

The focus of the research was to provide a business perspective to the role of real estate assets in supporting the fulfilment of corporate business plans. Based on a comprehensive survey of published literature and a series of in‐depth interviews of corporate real estate/facilities managers, an integrating resource management framework was developed to model the nature of interactions between strategic business planning and operational asset management in an organisational setting. The study supports the view that research efforts aimed at improving management effectiveness of the operational real estate asset base must be channelled to provide frameworks or models that promote understanding to all parties involved in the process, from a knowledge base that aims to define better: the operational requirements of core business(es); the key real estate and facilities service attributes; and options evaluation to meet dynamic changes.

Very few high technology acquisition projects are successful. Problems occur far too often, regardless of whether one is acquiring clinical or business information systems, patient monitoring systems, or therapeutic and diagnostic systems. The odds are good that the project will be delivered late, cost far more than predicted, and not provide all of the features promised. Only 9 percent of projects are on time and under budget, and only about 16 percent deliver what was promised. The principal reason for project failure is improper management of the requirements of the system. Requirements engineering and management (REAM) is a skill from the systems engineering profession that can be learned by nearly any professional who is managing a technology acquisition project. This paper will tell you what REAM is and how it is done.

A Selection of Equipment of Use in the Production and Maintenance of Aircraft, Missiles, Space Vehicles and their Components. The PERA Reamer A research report recently issued to members of the Production Engineering Research Association describes the design, performance and principal advantages of a new type of reamer designed and developed by PERA.t Outstanding improvements in the quality of reamed holes at greatly increased production rates, and longer reamer life, can be achieved with the new reamer. The potential financial savings are, in consequence, very considerable. For example, it has been estimated that a medium‐sized engineering works could save over £2,000 a year by using the PERA reamer.