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Book part
Publication date: 4 October 2023

Alisoun Milne and Mary Larkin

Abstract

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Family Carers and Caring
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80043-346-5

Abstract

Details

Unsettling Colonial Automobilities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-082-5

Article
Publication date: 28 September 2021

Sudha Panda and Soumyendu Shankar Ray

The research aims to explore the wisdom, knowledge and practices in vernacular housing settlements with their sustainability underpinnings as tools for modelling rural affordable…

Abstract

Purpose

The research aims to explore the wisdom, knowledge and practices in vernacular housing settlements with their sustainability underpinnings as tools for modelling rural affordable housing in tropical regions. The study is based on a weaving settlement in Bargarh district of Odisha, which is globally acclaimed for its Ikkat style of weaving.

Design/methodology/approach

A hierarchical framework of sustainability resting on the three pillars of ecological, economical and environmental dimensions is derived from existing theoretical research. This framework of 22 indicators is subsequently assigned to assess the sustainability of the vernacular weavers' settlement through quantitative evaluation. A qualitative assessment through observation and deduction also verifies the result.

Findings

Since the vernacular weavers settlement performs very well on the sustainability scorecard, the paper suggests that its best practices can be incorporated while designing affordable housing so that social, cultural and heritage values are retained and a climate conscious, energy-efficient sustainable approach is ensured.

Practical implications

The recommendations from the assessment has many lessons while framing policies for rural affordable housing as it cannot have one size that fits all settlement typology irrespective of the occupational, climatic and social needs.

Originality/value

The sustainable design and planning principles embedded in this vernacular settlement offers a valuable blueprint to re-imagine the affordable housing in rural areas which can be myopic if it does not take into account the occupational needs and life style of craftsmen dwellers.

Details

Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, vol. 13 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-1266

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Article
Publication date: 16 November 2022

Christine Weigel and Martin R.W. Hiebl

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) carry huge economic importance worldwide. At the same time, SMEs face specific challenges, some of which may be alleviated by employing…

Abstract

Purpose

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) carry huge economic importance worldwide. At the same time, SMEs face specific challenges, some of which may be alleviated by employing accountants. However, research on the role and impact of accountants in SMEs has long remained fragmented and scarce. This paper aims to encourage more research on accountants in SMEs by providing the first comprehensive and systematic review of relevant research.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on systematic review methods, the authors critically examine 68 research articles dealing with accountants in SMEs.

Findings

The review identifies three dominant roles for accountants in SMEs: providers of reporting services, sources of SME owners’ self-validation and translators between capital providers and SMEs and advisors. Implicitly, many studies assume a value-enhancing effect of employing accountants in SMEs regardless of these specific roles. At the same time, available studies seldom make use of existing theoretical frameworks to more closely analyze the value-enhancing potential of human resources such as accountants. The authors, thus, propose the resource-based view as a robust theoretical framework to improve theory building in research on accountants in SMEs.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first systematic review of accountants in SMEs. In addition, the authors develop a resource-based model on accountants in SMEs to guide future research on this topic.

Details

Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, vol. 19 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1832-5912

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 November 2023

Tarun Jaiswal, Manju Pandey and Priyanka Tripathi

The purpose of this study is to investigate and demonstrate the advancements achieved in the field of chest X-ray image captioning through the utilization of dynamic convolutional…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate and demonstrate the advancements achieved in the field of chest X-ray image captioning through the utilization of dynamic convolutional encoder–decoder networks (DyCNN). Typical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are unable to capture both local and global contextual information effectively and apply a uniform operation to all pixels in an image. To address this, we propose an innovative approach that integrates a dynamic convolution operation at the encoder stage, improving image encoding quality and disease detection. In addition, a decoder based on the gated recurrent unit (GRU) is used for language modeling, and an attention network is incorporated to enhance consistency. This novel combination allows for improved feature extraction, mimicking the expertise of radiologists by selectively focusing on important areas and producing coherent captions with valuable clinical information.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, we have presented a new report generation approach that utilizes dynamic convolution applied Resnet-101 (DyCNN) as an encoder (Verelst and Tuytelaars, 2019) and GRU as a decoder (Dey and Salemt, 2017; Pan et al., 2020), along with an attention network (see Figure 1). This integration innovatively extends the capabilities of image encoding and sequential caption generation, representing a shift from conventional CNN architectures. With its ability to dynamically adapt receptive fields, the DyCNN excels at capturing features of varying scales within the CXR images. This dynamic adaptability significantly enhances the granularity of feature extraction, enabling precise representation of localized abnormalities and structural intricacies. By incorporating this flexibility into the encoding process, our model can distil meaningful and contextually rich features from the radiographic data. While the attention mechanism enables the model to selectively focus on different regions of the image during caption generation. The attention mechanism enhances the report generation process by allowing the model to assign different importance weights to different regions of the image, mimicking human perception. In parallel, the GRU-based decoder adds a critical dimension to the process by ensuring a smooth, sequential generation of captions.

Findings

The findings of this study highlight the significant advancements achieved in chest X-ray image captioning through the utilization of dynamic convolutional encoder–decoder networks (DyCNN). Experiments conducted using the IU-Chest X-ray datasets showed that the proposed model outperformed other state-of-the-art approaches. The model achieved notable scores, including a BLEU_1 score of 0.591, a BLEU_2 score of 0.347, a BLEU_3 score of 0.277 and a BLEU_4 score of 0.155. These results highlight the efficiency and efficacy of the model in producing precise radiology reports, enhancing image interpretation and clinical decision-making.

Originality/value

This work is the first of its kind, which employs DyCNN as an encoder to extract features from CXR images. In addition, GRU as the decoder for language modeling was utilized and the attention mechanisms into the model architecture were incorporated.

Details

Data Technologies and Applications, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2514-9288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 21 February 2024

Amruta Rout, Golak Bihari Mahanta, Bibhuti Bhusan Biswal, Renin Francy T., Sri Vardhan Raj and Deepak B.B.V.L.

The purpose of this study is to plan and develop a cost-effective health-care robot for assisting and observing the patients in an accurate and effective way during pandemic…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to plan and develop a cost-effective health-care robot for assisting and observing the patients in an accurate and effective way during pandemic situation like COVID-19. The purposed research work can help in better management of pandemic situations in rural areas as well as developing countries where medical facility is not easily available.

Design/methodology/approach

It becomes very difficult for the medical staff to have a continuous check on patient’s condition in terms of symptoms and critical parameters during pandemic situations. For dealing with these situations, a service mobile robot with multiple sensors for measuring patients bodily indicators has been proposed and the prototype for the same has been developed that can monitor and aid the patient using the robotic arm. The fuzzy controller has also been incorporated with the mobile robot through which decisions on patient monitoring can be taken automatically. Mamdani implication method has been utilized for formulating mathematical expression of M number of “if and then condition based rules” with defined input Xj (j = 1, 2, ………. s), and output yi. The inputs and output variables are formed by the membership functions µAij(xj) and µCi(yi) to execute the Fuzzy Inference System controller. Here, Aij and Ci are the developed fuzzy sets.

Findings

The fuzzy-based prediction model has been tested with the output of medicines for the initial 27 runs and was validated by the correlation of predicted and actual values. The correlation coefficient has been found to be 0.989 with a mean square error value of 0.000174, signifying a strong relationship between the predicted values and the actual values. The proposed research work can handle multiple tasks like online consulting, continuous patient condition monitoring in general wards and ICUs, telemedicine services, hospital waste disposal and providing service to patients at regular time intervals.

Originality/value

The novelty of the proposed research work lies in the integration of artificial intelligence techniques like fuzzy logic with the multi-sensor-based service robot for easy decision-making and continuous patient monitoring in hospitals in rural areas and to reduce the work stress on medical staff during pandemic situation.

Details

Robotic Intelligence and Automation, vol. 44 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2754-6969

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Article
Publication date: 20 November 2023

Kazeem Oyedele Lamidi, Lusanda Beauty Juta and Vukosi Mathonsi

This paper aims to present relevant literature review to build up the case pertaining to the impact of traditional leadership in the demarcation of municipal boundaries in South…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present relevant literature review to build up the case pertaining to the impact of traditional leadership in the demarcation of municipal boundaries in South Africa. Municipal boundary demarcation remains a major contentious issue during the process of establishing municipalities. Little or no attention has been paid to the significance of traditional leadership in resolving issues around boundary demarcation between municipalities, hence this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopted case study design. Data were collected from secondary sources and the contents were analyzed for this research purpose.

Findings

This paper put boundary in municipal context as a result of spatial reconfiguration process. It also discussed the impactful roles of traditional leadership as an institution involved in municipal (re)demarcation processes.

Research limitations/implications

This paper focusses on the contemporary roles that traditional leadership is at vantage position to play in the process of municipal boundary demarcation. Therefore, the paper concludes that traditional leadership could resolve issue of ethnicity as a causal factor mitigating the redemarcation of municipal boundaries.

Originality/value

It contributes to existing knowledge by providing information on the roles of traditional leadership that could complement the resolution of the ethnic complexities arising from municipal (re)demarcation processes.

Details

International Journal of Public Leadership, vol. 19 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4929

Keywords

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2023

Thalia Anthony, Juanita Sherwood, Harry Blagg and Kieran Tranter

Abstract

Details

Unsettling Colonial Automobilities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80071-082-5

Book part
Publication date: 29 December 2023

Niharika Singh and Aditi Mishra

The Abdur Razzaque Ansari Memorial Weavers Hospital (ARAM) came into effect on 7 April 1996, and is dedicated to the people of Jharkhand and weavers. To deal with the issues of…

Abstract

The Abdur Razzaque Ansari Memorial Weavers Hospital (ARAM) came into effect on 7 April 1996, and is dedicated to the people of Jharkhand and weavers. To deal with the issues of inequity in healthcare services, ARAM was founded for the extension of affordable healthcare services to the needy in and around the area of Jharkhand. Visualised by a great social worker and legend Abdur Razzaque Ansari, it has been successfully run by his eldest son Mr Sayeed Ahmad Ansari for 28 years. This research uses mainly a case-study approach through secondary data from the hospital website and other websites citing ARAM and its functions. Consent to use data for the study was obtained from Mr. Sayeed Ahmad Ansari. Primary information was collected through the patients who availed facilities from the hospital. They were interviewed through a semi-structured questionnaire each taking 30-40 minutes. Taken over by Medanta Group on 8 July 2015 (earlier being managed by Apollo Hospitals Group for 20 years), it is the first super speciality community hospital in Eastern India. Treating over 50,000 patients yearly with state-of-the-art medical equipment and providing discounts to lower-income groups, people from the weaver’s community, freedom fighters and members of ICSI have intrigued people from these sections for affordable treatment and facilities in and near Jharkhand. With a 200 bed-capacity, nine different disciplines and 12 departments spread across the city of Ranchi, the hospital caters to a massive population at a much-subsidised rate. Reaching out to rural villages through free medical camps and awareness campaigns, the hospital showcases how a successful model of healthcare cooperative can be replicated accordingly in similar developing and underdeveloped regions.

Details

World Healthcare Cooperatives: Challenges and Opportunities
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-775-4

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 March 2024

Natália Ransolin, Tarcisio Abreu Saurin, Robyn Clay-Williams, Carlos Torres Formoso, Frances Rapport and John Cartmill

Surgical services are settings where resilient performance (RP) is necessary to cope with a wide range of variabilities. Although RP can benefit from a supportive built…

Abstract

Purpose

Surgical services are settings where resilient performance (RP) is necessary to cope with a wide range of variabilities. Although RP can benefit from a supportive built environment (BE), prior studies have focused on the operating room, giving scant attention to support areas. This study takes a broader perspective, aiming at developing BE design knowledge supportive of RP at the surgical service as a whole.

Design/methodology/approach

Seven BE design prescriptions developed in a previous work in the context of internal logistics of hospitals, and thus addressing interactions between workspaces, were used as a point of departure. The prescriptions were used as a data analysis framework in a case study of the surgical service of a medium-sized private hospital. The scope of the study included surgical and support areas, in addition to workflows involving patients and family members, staff, equipment, sterile instruments and materials, supplies, and waste. Data collection included document analysis, observations, interviews, and meetings with hospital staff.

Findings

Results identified 60 examples of using the prescriptions, 77% of which were related to areas other than the operating rooms. The developed design knowledge is framed as a set of prescriptions, examples, and their association to workflows and areas, indicating where it should be applied.

Originality/value

The design knowledge is new in surgical services and offers guidance to both BE and logistics designers.

Details

Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-9988

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