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1 – 10 of 362Bhumika Ray, Atri Sengupta and Arup Varma
Despite the popularity of gig employment amid the changing business landscape, gig scholarship is somewhat limited and the untold reality about gig is yet to be fully revealed…
Abstract
Purpose
Despite the popularity of gig employment amid the changing business landscape, gig scholarship is somewhat limited and the untold reality about gig is yet to be fully revealed. This study aims to critically address the nature of gig employment, its ambiguities, evolution, theoretical premises and the appropriate future road ahead.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a dual analytical approach – bibliometric and thematic analyses. After incorporating the exclusion–inclusion criteria, the authors identified 2,135 articles for the bibliometric analyses by using VOSviewer. Additionally, for the deep-delving synthesis, the authors conducted thematic analyses following Braun and Clarke (2006), based on 351 papers.
Findings
The findings revealed that gig work, in its different forms, is emerging as an alternative work arrangement with respect to the future of work. This study also identified multilevel perspectives of gig employment along with its holistic nomological network. Finally, this study offers some critical research directions that should help enhance the theoretical and practical strengths of this nascent scholarship in future.
Research limitations/implications
The review findings are limited in nature owing to the paucity of quality research papers published in the said domain.
Practical implications
The paper brings more clarity to what gig is and isn’t, along with its critical perspectives from multilevel lenses.
Originality/value
This paper identifies critical perspectives related to gig work and suggests appropriate directions for future gig work related scholarship.
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William Hendradjaja and Moon Leoma
Social entrepreneurs want to help solve social and environmental issues by applying entrepreneurial solutions. However, social entrepreneurs usually find it more challenging to…
Abstract
Social entrepreneurs want to help solve social and environmental issues by applying entrepreneurial solutions. However, social entrepreneurs usually find it more challenging to measure their success because of the metric that is being measured is not only for financial gain but also for social and environmental change. The analysis of how they manage and achieve their impact goals, which are restricted by limited knowledge and resources, is unfortunately not always the highest priority particularly in the early stage of their entrepreneurial journey.
Frequently, by generating social and economic value, business decisions and actions are in opposition (Dawan & Alter, 2009). This opposition translates into calculated trade-offs. At times decisions may be adequate that forsake social impact in order to gain market share or increase profit margins and increase social value creation in the long run. Conversely, the scope of social impact may be expanded at a financial cost (Braun, 2020).
What also often happens in our experience is that more social businesses claim their impact without clear justification based on measurement. And even worse is that many social entrepreneurs are not equipped with the right mindset and tools to understand how to measure, manage and maximise their impact.
Also, the situation with COVID-19 pandemic makes it even more pressing now that businesses must be held accountable for their actions; decisions solely relying on financial gain are even less relevant during this time. The pandemic will likely create even more inequality, with evidence emerging that those at the bottom of pyramid are being more severely affected. Casualties will be even more with the virus spreading faster on the bottom-of-the-pyramid communities, and we have seen that hospitals and proper medical care are being allocated improperly with several privilege for some people with more resources. The implication of these inequalities will have a profound impact on every level and aspect of communities.
Here in this chapter, we will discuss the challenges through our experiences in practicing impact management and why it's very important to be done at all levels of the entrepreneurial stage even from the upstart and what can be done better to help social and all entrepreneurs to strive.
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Ree Jordan, Terrance W. Fitzsimmons and Victor J. Callan
Workplace mavericks are often labeled as non-conformists. They are perceived to be the employees who disregard organizational policies and procedures, and who invite huge risks in…
Abstract
Workplace mavericks are often labeled as non-conformists. They are perceived to be the employees who disregard organizational policies and procedures, and who invite huge risks in the pursuit of goals that sit outside what the organization dictates as the core business or practice. While this may be accurate to a degree, it is not the complete story. Guided by recent conceptualizations of non-conformity and positive deviance, this qualitative study interviewed 27 observers of mavericks (observer-types) in the workplace, and 28 interviews with mavericks (maverick-types). Results highlight that while maverick individuals do challenge organizational norms, they do so for the benefit of others, including the organization. Additionally, they are not wildcard non-conformists as they do in fact conform. However, they are conforming positively to higher level hyper-norms or organizational goals, and therefore operate in what could be termed as bounded non-conformity. Understanding the form that this bounded non-conformity takes is key for organizations to mitigate perceptions of the risk posed by maverick individuals, while maximizing the rewards that maverick employees can offer to organizations, especially for informing ideas and plans around more radical change and innovation. In this way, organizations can benefit from the numerous and unique contributions of mavericks in the workplace, such as innovative, unorthodox, and out-of-the-box thinking, while at the same time still ensuring the effective governance and risk management of the organization.
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Katarzyna Bachnik, Liza Howe-Walsh, Lisa Critchley, Marisa Alicea, Maria Guajardo and Christa Ellen Washington
This study aims to explore the individual lived crucible experiences of women leaders in higher education (HE) and business as the catalyst to investigate organisational…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the individual lived crucible experiences of women leaders in higher education (HE) and business as the catalyst to investigate organisational inequality regimes that prevent women leaders from fully participating, contributing and flourishing at work. Drawing upon Bolman and Deal’s four-frame theoretical organisational model, this study analyses women’s lived crucible leadership experiences to better understand the organising processes and practices that render intersectionality invisible that reinforce and perpetuate inequality regimes.
Design/methodology/approach
A collaborative autoethnographic research method was selected for data collection. The research team members each selected one significant crucible moment from their professional career and used the Gibb’s six-part reflective cycle to document their narrative and reflect on their leadership experience. A reflexive thematic analysis was used based on Braun and Clarke’s six phases.
Findings
The study features the importance of creating a climate in organisations that acknowledges the need for greater equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) to support women leaders. Four global themes emerged from the analysis of the leadership narratives: organisation, power dynamics, emotional distress and perseverance and intersectionality. These themes illuminate a greater understanding of organisational life for women and confirm the presence of inequality regimes of gender and race.
Originality/value
This is the first study to explore the impact of women leaders’ crucible experiences through the lens of the Bolman and Deal’s model that highlights the need to consider an EDI lens as the fifth frame.
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Marek Szelągowski, Piotr Biernacki, Justyna Berniak-Woźny and Cezary Radosław Lipinski
The aim of the article is to propose BPMN extensions that facilitate the modeling of Clinical Pathways in a way that enables for various groups of users, the transfer of a much…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the article is to propose BPMN extensions that facilitate the modeling of Clinical Pathways in a way that enables for various groups of users, the transfer of a much wider range of information in the form of process models without compromising their readability and usefulness.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses the design science research methodology (DSRM) and covers phases of a design-oriented research project extending BPMN notation for clinical pathway modeling.
Findings
The article proposes extensions of BPMN in 5 areas, enabling standardization of the description of business processes of different natures and complexity and in turn meeting the needs and requirements of modeling clinical pathways and, more broadly speaking, knowledge-intensive business processes (kiBPs) in general. As shown by the evaluation carried out among medical personnel, the proposed extensions allow for the readable transfer of a considerably larger body of information relevant to the planned, conducted and assessed therapy (kiBPs) than the current BPMN 2.0 standard.
Originality/value
The BPMN extensions proposed in the article fill the gaps in this notation and do not require users to know many notations, which in practice is unrealistic. Defined extensions to the BPMN specification makes it possible to standardise the description of processes of different natures and levels of complexity. In this way, both simplified models (and views of models) dedicated to users unfamiliar with BPMN and models (or views) using advanced possibilities provided by BPMN can be based on one standard, even if they use only a small part of its possibilities.
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Latrica Best and W. Carson Byrd
Our primary aim is to discuss the variability that exists in the operationalization of race/ethnicity in research on genetic and biological markers. We employ Stuart Hall’s…
Abstract
Purpose
Our primary aim is to discuss the variability that exists in the operationalization of race/ethnicity in research on genetic and biological markers. We employ Stuart Hall’s “floating signifiers” of race approach to explain the ambiguous manner in which researchers discuss the links between race and genetics.
Methodology/approach
We examine articles that use race/ethnicity and genetic or biological markers between 2000 and 2013 within three prominent genetic journals. We focused on original, empirical articles only. We utilize various race/ethnic-related search terms to obtain our sample and to categorize how terms were used.
Findings
A total of 336 articles fit our search criteria. The number of articles mentioning race/ethnicity and genetic or biological information increased over the time. A significant percentage of publications base their research on whites only. When discussions of race are included in studies, scientists often use multiple categories of race/ethnicity without much explanation.
Research limitations/implications
We omit non-research articles and commentary for each journal, which could contain important discussions regarding race and genetics. This work highlights how race/ethnicity can vary in application and interpretation.
Originality/value
Our discussion of race/ethnicity as “floating signifiers” adds a layer of complexity to the longstanding debate regarding the importance of race/ethnicity in genetic research. The “floating” nature of race/ethnicity underlines how subjective the characterizations of samples are and how possible interpretations of results for groups can impact health disparities research. Given the increased use of genetic data by social scientists, there is a need for more cross-disciplinary discussions on the race–gene relationship.
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Damian Charles Hine, Helge Helmersson and Jan Mattsson
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the need in biotechnology to integrate a variety of knowledge bases to build the intellectual asset base of the commercial entity…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the need in biotechnology to integrate a variety of knowledge bases to build the intellectual asset base of the commercial entity operating in the biotechnology industry.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based upon a single case study of a young biotechnology company, itself relying on the knowledge and expertise of four directors. To analyze the responses of the four directors to a single lead question, designed to prompt the respondents to articulate the intellectual capital they offer to the firm, this study employs a novel text analytical tool known as Perspective Text Analysis (Pertex).
Research limitations/implications
The results show the disparate nature of the individual knowledge sets in contributing to the interdisciplinary base of the firm. The combined analysis illustrates the importance of collective intellectual capital through “sustainable collaboration.”
Originality/value
This study employs a novel analytical tool to undertake an analysis of both individual intellectual capital and collective interdisciplinary contribution using data from a single question. Pertex is a valuable tool in analyzing the intentionality of a respondent by cutting through to the true essence of their response.
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Z.W. Zhong, P. Arulvanan, Hla Phone Maw and C.W.A. Lu
The purpose of this paper is to present the results of experiments performed to attach silicon dies (chips) to low‐temperature co‐fired ceramic (LTCC) substrates with Ag or AgPd…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the results of experiments performed to attach silicon dies (chips) to low‐temperature co‐fired ceramic (LTCC) substrates with Ag or AgPd pads using SnAgCu or SnPb solder and the results of the characterization of the solder joints.
Design/methodology/approach
LTCC substrates were fabricated by stacking and laminating four green tapes with the top layer screen‐printed with Ag or AgPd paste to form pads. Silicon die sizes of 1 × 1 mm and 2 × 2 mm with electroless nickel immersion gold plated were soldered to 2 × 2 mm pads on the LTCC substrates using SnPb or SnAgCu solder. The solder joints were then characterized using X‐ray, die shear, energy dispersive X‐ray and scanning electron microscopy techniques.
Findings
The joints made by AgPd pads with SnAgCu solder provided the best results with the highest shear strength having strong interfaces in the joints. However, the joints of Ag pads with SnPb solder did not provide high‐shear strength.
Originality/value
The findings provide certain guidelines to implement LTCC applications. AgPd pads with SnAgCu solder can be considered for applications where small silicon dies need to be attached to LTCC substrates. However, Ag pads with SnAgCu solder can be considered for lead‐free solder applications.
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Laura Rosenkranz, Silvia Richter, Georg Jacobs, Adrian Mikitisin, Joachim Mayer, Andreas Stratmann and Florian König
Rolling bearing operation under mixed and boundary lubrication conditions may lead to heavy adhesive or abrasive wear, which may lead to wear-induced rolling bearing failure. The…
Abstract
Purpose
Rolling bearing operation under mixed and boundary lubrication conditions may lead to heavy adhesive or abrasive wear, which may lead to wear-induced rolling bearing failure. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the wear protection capabilities of different grease compositions at varying temperatures. It is considered that the temperature influences the lubrication conditions, the behaviour of grease components, namely, bleed oil and thickener, as well as the tribofilm formation due to tribo-chemical interactions between additives and surfaces.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, four different greases were produced on the basis of a mineral base oil by varying the thickener and the addition of ZDDP. Various grease-lubricated rolling bearing experiments were conducted in a wide temperature range from 0°C to 120°C. Subsequently, the wear pattern, tribofilm formation and grease structures were analysed. Thereby, the influence of the different grease thickeners and the performance of ZDDP as a common antiwear and extreme pressure additive was evaluated.
Findings
The results show a strong temperature-dependency and allow a classification of temperature ranges concerning wear protection. At low temperatures, all greases provide a very good wear protection without the evidence of additive-based tribofilm formation. In the experiments at elevated temperatures, ZDDP tribofilms were formed. The formation depends on the thickener type: in comparison to lithium thickener, polyurea thickener favours more protective tribofilms at the same temperature. The experimental results show that medium temperatures in the range of 40°C–60°C are critical concerning wear due to the insufficient tribolayer formation and limited load carrying capacity of the grease.
Originality/value
Temperature is a key operating parameter for grease lubrication in roller bearings. The experimental work enables consideration of different impact pathways of temperature by combining roller bearing tests and microanalysis.
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