Search results

Studies show that supervisor incivility can have detrimental consequences for subordinates. However, little is known about the job and personal resources that can reduce the effect of supervisor incivility on subordinates' counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Based on the Job Demand-Resources (JD-R) model, we investigate social job crafting (job resource) and internal locus of control (LOC; personal resource) as buffers on the relationship between supervisor incivility and subordinates' CWB toward the organization.

Two field studies to test our proposed hypotheses were conducted. A two-wave time-lagged design was used and data was collected from 115 supervisors and 318 subordinates from a large electricity provider company (study 1) and 121 employee–coworker dyads from a large insurance company (study 2).

Across the two studies it was found that supervisor incivility positively relates to subordinates' CWB toward the organization. Further, this relationship was weaker for individuals with high internal LOC and those who engaged in social job crafting.

The findings are helpful for HR managers to figure out how to stop supervisor incivility through civility training and motivating employees to social job crafting behavior.

This study implies that social job crafting (job resource) and internal LOC (personal resource) are essential factors that can reduce the effects of supervisor incivility on subordinates' CWB toward the organization.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of job seekers' perceived incivility during job search on their job search intensity via job search-specific self-esteem, and to explore how the job seekers' level of dispositional mindfulness buffers these relationships.

Using self-report measures, time-lagged data were obtained from 242 graduating students of a Chinese university.

Results showed that perceived incivility during job search was negatively related to job search-specific self-esteem, and that job search-specific self-esteem was positively related to job search intensity. Further, dispositional mindfulness mitigated the direct link between perceived incivility and job search-specific self-esteem and the indirect link between job seekers' perception of incivility and job search intensity through job search-specific self-esteem.

By integrating the recruitment and job search literature, we investigated how negative experiences (perceived incivility during recruitment) stemming from the context of job search influence the motivation of job seekers to continue their job search via the mediating role of job search-specific self-esteem. Further, for the first time, we explored the moderating role of dispositional mindfulness in the job search literature by utilizing the framework of positive psychology.

This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

A study of 300 owners of SMEs in Pakistan found that firm age, association with a larger parent entity, existence of a strategic business plan and the presence of a human resource information system (HRIS) are positively related with higher HRM formality. But firm size, family ownership and exporting characteristics had no association with formality.

The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

This study aims to examine why tax reforms fail and explores how tax collection can be improved within a developing country context.

Data comprise 28 semi-structured interviews with taxpayers, tax experts and tax authority personnel based in Pakistan. The results are analysed using a combined lens of taxpayer trust and tax agencies’ capabilities.

Tax reforms failed to build taxpayers’ trust and tax agencies’ capabilities. Building trust is challenging and demands extensive ongoing engagement with taxpayers while yielding gradual permanent results. This requires enhancing confidence in government; educating taxpayers; removing complexities; introducing transparency and accountability in tax agencies’ operations and the tax system; promoting procedural and distributive justice; and reversing perceptions of corruption through reconciliation and stakeholder inclusivity. Developing tax agencies’ capabilities requires upgrading outdated technologies, systems and processes; implementing governance and organisational reforms; introducing an oversight board; and recruiting and training skilled professionals.

The findings can assist policymakers and tax collection authorities in understanding why tax reforms fail and identifying potential solutions.

This study contributes to the emerging literature by exploring tax administration failures in developing countries. It contributes to the literature by engaging stakeholders to understand why reforms fail and potential solutions to stimulate tax revenues.

Pakistan is one of the most climate change and natural disaster-affected countries in the globe, where the lives and livelihoods of people are repeatedly affected due to these natural disasters. Over the past few decades, the country has been impacted by numerous devastating floods, droughts, and storms. As a result, households face enormous complications, particularly those dwelling in disaster-prone areas. Therefore, this study intends to explore the status of household vulnerability and resilience practices of hazard-prone communities in Pakistan from existing literature. This study has identified the 17 most relevant documents. It argues that household vulnerability is increasing consistently with the increasing rate of disaster intensity. Frequent flooding, landslide, erosion, and crop loss are the leading causes of household vulnerability. This study reveals five types of household vulnerability components which look into several livelihood vulnerability indicators of Pakistani households. Moreover, the study unfolds that the main causes of disaster vulnerability are widespread crop loss, a lack of water, loss of soil fertility, and low socioeconomic situations. The major vulnerability components of dwellers are exposure (increasing summer duration, the rapid increase of population house build-up in the riparian areas, and increasing occurrence of hailstorms), sensitivity, low access to education facilities, human loss, diseases infestation, food insecurity, and social conflict), and less adaptive capacity (social networks, migration, poor emergency services, multiple income sources, and less access to the health facility). To address the household vulnerability, this study has also identified four key aspects of resilience, like social resilience, economic resilience, institutional resilience, and physical resilience. The findings will effectively help to understand the dynamics of household vulnerability and resilience and its measurement and management strategy from developed indicators.

This study aims to examine the moderating effect of intellectual capital (IC) in the relationship between board characteristics and firm performance of non-financial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) from 2010 to 2019.

The modified value-added intellectual capital (MVAIC) was used to assess the efficiency of sample firms’ IC, which is a modified version of Pulic’s (2000) model VAIC that includes an additional component, rational capital efficiency. Board size, independence, board meetings, chief executive officier duality and board gender diversity are all measures of board characteristics. Firm performance is measured through return on assets, return on equity and earnings per share. The Hausman test was used to select the best model for the study.

Based on the regression results, the board’s gender diversity and duality have a significant inverse relationship with profitability. In terms of the impact of board characteristics on IC, it is discovered that board independence and diversity are significantly inversely related to IC. Furthermore, IC is significantly related to profitability by all means. In terms of the moderating effect of IC, the findings show that IC significantly moderates the negative relationship between duality and profitability, as well as board gender diversity and profitability.

This study made some policy recommendations to policymakers. Duality should be avoided in PSX firms because it is significantly inversely related to profitability and IC. Second, female board participation should be subjective. Third, because the findings indicate that Pakistani firms lack true board independence, the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan should take additional steps to ensure that the board is truly independent.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to study the moderating effect of IC between corporate governance and firm performance.

The existing technology adoption model (TAM) has ignored the importance of social proof of credibility such as risk, security and privacy. Also, this study aims to provide understanding how the issues of usability such as interactivity, compatibility and credibility can influence the mobile banking (MB) adoption of commercial and Islamic banks. This study has offered two theoretical models which may be helpful to understand the importance of social proof of credibility during MB adoption.

It is exploratory study therefore the researcher used triangulation of qualitative methods such as online banking app reviews, focused group and semi structured interviews are used to understand the behavior of customers toward MB adoption.

Consumers are actively involved to take recommendations from close sources, experts, customers and crowd opinion using interactive social media platforms (SMPs). The purpose to gather information is to save from usability, risk, security and privacy issues, especially when customers share their personal and financial information with the purpose to use MB. Results reveal that people with disabilities require MB app that has adjustable size, color, text and functions. The usability issues such as system design, response time, aesthetics, personalization, installation and service quality influenced the use of MB in Islamic banks.

Present study has offered social proof as TAM which highlights usefulness and credibility as important factors that can create social proof on SMPs. This study provides rich insights regarding what initiatives are required to resolve the issues of usability such as interactivity, compatibility and credibility that can influence the MB adoption of commercial and Islamic banks. Another major contribution of this study is to explore the issues of MB for people with disabilities and suggest how they can improve the service quality of MB for people with disabilities.

This paper aims to understand the facilitators and inhibitors that might influence customers' adoption of smart banking services (SBS) in Pakistan.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 bank customers in Multan and Lahore using a case study design. Cases were selected using a purposive sampling strategy with maximum variation. A thematic content analysis (TCA) was performed to analyze the qualitative data.

The findings of this study support the notion that SBS has become a sine qua non of 21st-century banking owing to performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, price value, facilitating conditions, habit and hedonic motivation. However, information privacy concerns and big brother effect impair customers' cognitive, personal and social experiences, creating an obstacle toward SBS adoption.

Studying SBS adoption only in Pakistan represents the perspective of a developing country, which limits the generalizability of the findings.

Pakistani customers' demand for SBS can be linked to its performance. By upgrading technology, banks can improve the usefulness of these services.

The first scholarly inquiry explores the facilitators and inhibitors that could influence the adoption of SBS in Pakistan.

Social media users can now create, exchange, modify and consume socially generated experiences which can enhance social influence toward mobile banking (MB). This study aims to provide understanding of how social actor interactions through social networking platforms (SNPs) can create social influence for MB adoption and present a research framework that can help to understand which social actors have higher social influence toward MB adoption in conventional and Islamic banks.

SNP users have different levels of perceptions and experiences about the usability and credibility of MB. Therefore, their experiences are subjective realties which can generate socially constructed knowledge. To understand these subjective realties, a social constructivist approach is adopted. Data were collected from interviews with 60 individuals from diverse occupational backgrounds.

Identification element of social influence explained that the shared reviews and recommendations of opinion leaders, industry experts, celebrities and friends were highly positive for conventional banks; therefore, there is high word-of-mouth for MB of conventional banks. Internalization of social influence highlighted that people are more likely to accept the wisdom of the crowd and close friends, which can generate their engagement and connection with MB. Finally, the compliance factor of social influence explained that people can only adopt MB when they perceive high usability and credibility.

This study has provided understanding to the marketers of how social actors on SNPs can play a role in the creation, exchange, modification and consumption of socially generated influence that can impact the MB adoption intention for conventional and Islamic banks.

Although many theories and models have been presented about the marketing strategies and antecedents of MB adoption, the extensive use of SNPs has changed marketing strategies. For example, this study has found that social media users are highly influenced by the social reviews and recommendations they receive from their close friends. Therefore, socially generated influence on SNPs can create an adoption intention toward MB.

Intellectual capital (IC) is a paramount resource for competitiveness in the knowledge-based financial sectors of the economy. As financial technology advances, specifically in the banking industry, it is vital to understand the effect of IC on financial performance. This study aims to investigate the effect of IC on return on equity (ROE), with a unique emphasis on the moderating role of board attributes. Previous studies have overlooked this moderating role.

The study sample consists of 17 banks and a panel data set spanning 2016–2021, extracted from annual reports. Antel Pulic’s value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model is used to compute IC. To analyze the data, a generalized least squares analysis is conducted. The robustness of the analysis is ensured by using the two-stage least squares (2SLS) econometric technique.

The findings indicate that both the VAIC and human capital efficiency (HCE) have a significant impact on the ROE of banks. In terms of moderation, it is observed that board size (BS) exerts a negative effect on the association between VAIC, HCE, structural capital efficiency and ROE. Additionally, BS positively compounds the connection between capital employed efficiency and ROE. Similarly, the presence of independent directors (IND) significantly moderates the effects of VAIC and its components on the ROE of banks in Pakistan.

Banks should focus on the HCE for a higher ROE. Moreover, banks ought to prioritize appointing more independent directors in the boardroom for effective utilization of IC and greater ROE.

The findings of the study, which analyzed data from Pakistan’s banking sector, are original and provide additional insights into the literature on IC and board attributes.