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Article
Publication date: 6 June 2016

Sara Emamgholipour Sefiddashti, Ali Kazemi Karyani and Sadegh Ghazanfari

Accessing adequate healthcare to all people is one of the main goals of the health sector. The purpose of this paper is to investigate healthcare services access development of…

Abstract

Purpose

Accessing adequate healthcare to all people is one of the main goals of the health sector. The purpose of this paper is to investigate healthcare services access development of the provinces in Iran during 2007 and 2013.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population included all the provinces in Iran. The data for 13 variables, including physical and human health resources, was collected from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the Statistics Center of Iran. Taxonomy technique was used to determine the degree of healthcare services access development in the provinces.

Findings

The findings show that Semnan was the province with the most developed healthcare services access with development score of 0.342 while Sistan Balocehstan province was the least developed with development score of one in 2007. In the year 2013, Chahar-Mahal Bakhtiari and Sistan Baluchestan were the least and most developed provinces with scores of 0.551 and 0.989, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the development scores in access to healthcare services in 2007 and 2013 were 0.7463±0.1268 and 0.7766±0.1058, respectively.

Originality/value

Most previous studies that examined disparities in access to healthcare resources in Iran only considered one resource. This study applied a taxonomy technique to investigate the disparity and changes in access using 13 main healthcare resources. This approach helped the authors to investigate whether the decisions of the policy makers were intended to eliminate the disparities.

Details

International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare, vol. 9 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4902

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 31 August 2012

Jun-Yeop Lee and Shuyun Wang

Using Social Network Analysis (SNA), this paper examines the inter-provincial logistics relationships in China. Based on the annual data of inter-provincial railway logistics…

Abstract

Using Social Network Analysis (SNA), this paper examines the inter-provincial logistics relationships in China. Based on the annual data of inter-provincial railway logistics quantity during the period 1998-2009, the degree of interconnection between regions could imply intensified trends of regional economic integration.

The main results of the logistic relationships in China are as follows: the regional logistic interconnection, especially between western and eastern China has increased continuously, which would imply a rising national economic integration. However, the increased centralization index and the average Degree Centrality level imply that a logistics bottleneck has intensified in several hub provinces.

Secondly, logistic center provinces evaluated by the Degree Centrality have changed. In 2009, Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Sichuan provinces revealed the highest inward Degree Centrality. Sichuan Province is the region that most surprisingly increased its centrality.

Thirdly, the number of logistic hub provinces, evaluated by the Degree Betweenness Centrality, has increased. In 2008, Henan province was only a focal hub but in 2009, Shandong, Hubei, Sichuan provinces became logistic hubs.

Lastly, the Community Modularity which analyzed grouping structures shows that there are three time-consistent communities. This means that even though there is enhanced between-region integration, the inter-regional inter-connection is more important in explaining the regional logistic relationship.

Details

Journal of International Logistics and Trade, vol. 10 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1738-2122

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 28 January 2014

Ye Li and Meng Qin

– This paper aims to evaluate the stage and level of Henan province urbanization and provide basis for decision making.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to evaluate the stage and level of Henan province urbanization and provide basis for decision making.

Design/methodology/approach

At first, build the evaluation index system which includes 17 indexes in four classes so that can reflect the level of urbanization development of the entire region comprehensively. Then build the gray clustering model based on set pair. On this basis, the paper evaluates the urbanization process in Henan province. In order to get a clear understanding of the urbanization level in Henan province, the paper selects several typical provinces and compares them with Henan province in urbanization process.

Findings

The results show that the urbanization level in Henan province belongs to the general level; there is a gap in urbanization process between Henan province and other advanced provinces.

Practical implications

The paper put forward a method to evaluate the urbanization process in Henan province and get a clear understanding of the urbanization level in Henan province.

Originality/value

The paper combines the set pair analysis and the gray fixed weight cluster method based on triangular whiten weight function, which can avoid the defect that the assessment result is too vague and the difference is not significant.

Details

Grey Systems: Theory and Application, vol. 4 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2043-9377

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 January 2024

Raghuvir Kelkar and Kaliappa Kalirajan

Most economic growth is concentrated in the eastern and coastal provinces of China, while the western and central provinces have not yet experienced the expected economic growth…

Abstract

Purpose

Most economic growth is concentrated in the eastern and coastal provinces of China, while the western and central provinces have not yet experienced the expected economic growth. This study aims to address the following crucial research questions: Do the central and western provinces achieved potential efficiency in economic growth? Have China’s provinces used their resources effectively in implementing economic growth strategies?

Design/methodology/approach

The research design concerns the use of a panel dataset on province-specific economic growth in China over the years to 2000–2020. The methodology used was a stochastic frontier gross domestic product (GDP) model with time-varying technical efficiency over time. The approach uses the existing literature to identify the important variables influencing economic growth at the provincial level to model the stochastic frontier GDP model for empirical analysis.

Findings

This study concludes that the central provinces show the highest rate of efficiency in economic growth, though not 100%, followed by the Eastern and Western provinces. By increasing and improving skilled education institutes and intensifying supply chain opportunities through foreign direct investment (FDI), the central provinces achieving 100% growth efficiency may not be ruled out.

Research limitations/implications

The modes of economic governance and policies to improve GDP growth have been rapidly changing from increasing incentives to improving competition. Thus, more unique avenues and expansion of the horizon for impending research on provincial, national and international macroeconomics would emerge that would make current methodologies of the growth analysis outdated.

Practical implications

The empirical analysis highlights the importance of improving skilled education institutes and intensifying supply chain opportunities through FDI for achieving sustained economic growth.

Social implications

The empirical analysis facilitates finding ways to reduce income inequality across provinces in China.

Originality/value

To the authors' knowledge empirical analysis examining the Chinese province-specific economic growth efficiency explicitly has not been carried out using the recent Chinese panel dataset.

Details

Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1026-4116

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Energy Economics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-294-2

Abstract

Details

Energy Economics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-294-2

Book part
Publication date: 15 December 2004

David Gray, Jeffrey A. Mills and Sourushe Zandvakili

We study Canadian national and provincial family income inequality from 1991 to 1997. We use special cases of generalized entropy measures, the Theil measures of inequality, since…

Abstract

We study Canadian national and provincial family income inequality from 1991 to 1997. We use special cases of generalized entropy measures, the Theil measures of inequality, since they are decomposable into between-provinces inequality and within provinces inequality. We draw statistical inferences from our findings by using the bootstrapping technique. We find that Canadian provinces have experienced differential trends in family income inequality over this period, a pattern that is masked when analyzing solely national trends. Changes in between-province family income inequality are found to be insignificant, indicating that the observed rise in overall inequality over this period is due to factors within provinces. Changes in within-province family income inequality are found to be significant. We further analyze two-way decompositions by province and education, and by province and age, to learn about the role of human capital and the life cycle in determining changes in family inequality among and within Canadian provinces.

Details

Studies on Economic Well-Being: Essays in the Honor of John P. Formby
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-76231-136-1

Book part
Publication date: 19 November 2013

Aysit Tansel

This chapter aims to provide the recent developments on the supplementary education system in Turkey. The national examinations for advancing to higher levels of schooling are…

Abstract

Purpose

This chapter aims to provide the recent developments on the supplementary education system in Turkey. The national examinations for advancing to higher levels of schooling are believed to fuel the demand for Supplementary Education Centers (SECs). Further, we aim to understand the distribution of the SECs and of the secondary schools across the provinces of Turkey in order to evaluate the spacial equity considerations.

Design/methodology/approach

The evolution of the SECs and of the secondary schools over time are described and compared. The provincial distribution of the SECs, secondary schools, and the high school age population are compared. The characteristics of these distributions are evaluated to inform about spatial equity issues. The distribution of high school age population that attend secondary schools and the distribution of the secondary school students that attend SECs across the provinces are compared.

Findings

The evidence points out to significant provincial variations in various characteristics of SECs and the secondary schools. The distribution of the SECs is more unequal than that of the secondary schools. The provinces located mostly in the east and south east of the country have lower quality SECs and secondary schools. Further, the SEC participation among the secondary school students and the secondary school participation among the relevant age group are lower in some of the provinces indicating major disadvantages.

Originality/value

The review of the most recent developments about the SECs, examination and comparison of provincial distributions of the SECs and of the secondary schools are novelties in this chapter.

Details

Out of the Shadows: The Global Intensification of Supplementary Education
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-816-7

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 31 May 2016

Clement Kong Wing Chow, Michael Ka Yiu Fung and Japhet Sebastian Law

This chapter studies the technical efficiencies of Chinese airports by using a meta-frontier production function model which accounts for airports in different regions accessing…

Abstract

This chapter studies the technical efficiencies of Chinese airports by using a meta-frontier production function model which accounts for airports in different regions accessing different technologies. Our empirical results show that the technical efficiency scores of airports and provincial output in the coastal region are higher than their counterparts in the inland region. However, the technical efficiency scores of airports and provincial output in inland region are steadily increasing while the counterparts of airports and provincial output in coastal region are slowly declining. In addition, our analysis of provincial efficiency changes shows that airport productivity has a positive and statistically significant effect on the technical changes of provincial output. Our results partially confirm the success of the government policy of promoting airport construction and development in the western inland region.

Details

Airline Efficiency
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-940-4

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 October 2023

Xiaoyun Wei and Chuanmin Zhao

In this paper, the authors take the central environmental protection inspection (CEPI) as an exogenous shock to study the reaction of the stock market in China. Using the event…

Abstract

Purpose

In this paper, the authors take the central environmental protection inspection (CEPI) as an exogenous shock to study the reaction of the stock market in China. Using the event study method, the authors check how the first round of the first batch of CEPI supervision affects the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) of the listed firms on the Shenzhen or Shanghai stock exchange. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned objective.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the authors take the first round of the first batch of CEPI supervision as a clean exogenous shock to study its effects on the capital market. The authors collect daily trading data from the China stock market and accounting research (CSMAR) database, with the sample containing 1,950 Chinese firms listed on either the Shenzhen or Shanghai stock exchanges. And detailed information on CEPI supervision is obtained from the official website of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China. The event study method is adopted to analyze the reaction of the stock market under CEPI supervision. Specifically, the authors constructed the cumulative abnormal return of each firm around the event day of CEPI. To capture the deterrent effects of CEPI supervision, the authors examine the situation of polluting and non-polluting firms in the supervised provinces, adjacent provinces and provinces that are not supervised or close to the supervised provinces, respectively.

Findings

This paper throws light on the following: (1) the polluting firms in the supervised provinces were negatively impacted by CEPI within 20 trading days of the event day, and its effects spread to the polluting firms in the neighboring provinces; (2) CEPI had a favorable impact on the non-polluting businesses in the provinces that are neither supervised nor close to the supervised provinces. The authors contend that it is because the investment is being forced out of the polluting sector and into the non-polluting sector, which is more pronounced in the provinces not directly or indirectly targeted by CEPI; (3) by comparison, the “looking back monitoring of the first round” has had no discernible detrimental impact on the firms' CAR, indicating an important role of psychology anticipation of investors in the stock market performance; (4) although not physically located in the supervised provinces, the downstream enterprises of the polluting firms suffer significantly from CEPI shock; (5) the effectiveness of CEPI supervision in the supervised provinces depends on the level of local environmental regulation and the ownership structure of the company. Private firms in the provinces with stronger environmental regulations suffer more from the CEPI shock; (6) the multivariate analysis shows that while enterprises with high ROE and financial leverage may be at risk of CAR loss, older, larger firms are less likely to experience CEPI shock; (7) the study of persistent effect reveals that the strike of CEPI supervision can last for at least 10 months after the event day and deterrent effect can be spread within the whole polluting industry.

Research limitations/implications

In this paper, the authors only concentrate on the market reaction within 20 trading days after the event day. An analysis of long-term effects should be valuable to get a deeper knowledge of the capital market reaction to the CEPI policy. In addition, the paper only focuses on the first round of the first batch of CEPI. Since CEPI has been built as a constant regulation of local environmental performance, further study may need to track both the reaction of listed firms and investment behavior in the capital market.

Practical implications

Policy implications of the paper are as follows: First, for the policymakers, it is important to construct a constant environmental regulation system instead of a campaign movement. Second, for investors, as environmental issues are receiving increasing attention from both the government and the public, investment decisions should take into account firms' environmental performance, which can help reduce the risk from environmental regulations. Third, the firms in the polluting industry should take more action to reduce pollutant releases and adopt green technology, which is essential for sustainable development under environmental protection.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the existing literature in the following aspects. First, the authors provide new evidence on the effects of environmental regulations as a shock to the stock market, which has been wildly concentrated in the literature about environmental policies evaluation and capital market reaction. Second, the authors supplement the literature on green finance and sustainability transformation, which has got increasing attention in recent years. Theoretically, by guiding investment and affecting the stock market performance, environmental regulations are considered to be an efficient way to stimulate polluting firms to transform into green development. The results of the paper support this intuition by showing that the CAR of the non-polluting firms in non-supervised provinces in fact benefit from the CEPI supervision.

Details

China Finance Review International, vol. 14 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-1398

Keywords

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