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First, this paper aims to argue that small- and medium-sized manufacturers’ (SMMs’) production-exploitation can generally and primary influence their choices of export marketing control modes (EMCMs). Building on this central argument, two other supportive production-related resources: “production-exploration” and “relationships with home suppliers” are argued that could moderate this proposed effect. Three EMCMs including independent, hybrid and integrated modes, are discussed. Second, this study also proposes that SMMs with an internal fit between their three-key production-related resources and their choices of EMCMs will outperform their counterparts that do not have such internal fit.

This study designed a multiple-source survey to collect data from 158 Taiwanese SMMs that are highly dependent on export sales.

The results support the argument and the study connects the resource-based view (RBV) to the B2B marketing literature to better understand the EMCMs of SMMs.

Drawing on the RBV, this study examines how the three-key production-related resources can influence SMMs’ choices of EMCMs of branding and channels, respectively.

This paper aims to investigate the value relevance of the various components of exploration and evaluation expenditures in the Australian extractives industry. Whether exploration and evaluation expenditures is more value relevant, following the adoption of AASB 6, and whether it differs for firms engaged only in exploration when compared to those also engaged in mining production is also examined.

This paper uses a modified Ohlson model as a benchmark against which to compare an alternative valuation model featuring the disclosed components of exploration and evaluation expenditures. A sample comprising 430 firm-year observations between 2003 and 2009 is utilised.

Written-off exploration and evaluation expenditures and the number of projects in which firms are involved is relevant to investors when assessing the value of extractive firms. Further, the implementation of AASB 6 has led to an improvement in the relevance of exploration and evaluation information in assessing firm value.

The sample is based on observations from the years 2003-2004 to the years 2006-2009. The authors do not incorporate 2005, as this is the first year the new standard was implemented, and there is the possibility of a settling in effect. The authors base our sample on the top 100 extractive firms in 2009. As such, these companies may not represent the accounting practices of smaller firms in the Australian extractive industry.

The authors address a gap in the literature by examining the value relevance of the detailed line items of exploration and evaluation expenditure reported by extractives firms. The authors also explore the effect of regulatory changes by examining the value relevance of exploration and evaluation expenditures pre- and post-International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 6/Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) 6 implementation. Finally, the authors contribute useful findings to the standard setters’ ongoing deliberations aimed at producing a comprehensive standard on extractive activities by providing useful feedback on the relevance of accounting for pre-production costs under a regime using the “area of interest” method.

The offshore supply vessel (OSV) industry is critical to offshore oil and gas operations around the world and contributes to the economic and ecological impacts experienced by the local communities supporting the offshore oil and gas industries. The OSV industry has not been studied significantly and the economic and ecological impacts to local communities is generally unknown. This paper aims to address these issues.

In this paper, the authors review the activities and logistical requirements involved in offshore exploration and development with special attention paid to workflows and the manner in which service vessels are utilized in the Gulf of Mexico. The authors estimate the OSV needs per stage of activity for offshore operations based on data collected from company planning documents, fleet utilization data from oil and gas companies and service providers, interviews and surveys. The statistical data is synthesized and reconciled and despite large variances the data sources are in reasonable agreement. Empirical data on circuit factors are also provided. The applications and limitations of the analyses are discussed.

In the US GOM, a large variety of marine vessels transport goods and provide services to exploration, development and production activity. OSVs provide a vital link between offshore E&P activities and shore‐based facilities. Offshore oil and gas operations cannot function without them and their utilization and spatial distribution provide a way of understanding the impacts of the offshore oil and gas industry on coastal communities.

This is the first empirical analysis of any offshore service vessel industry. The data presented here can be used to predict the environmental, economic, public health, and infrastructural consequences of alternative offshore development policies.

The aim of this paper is to provide a general overview of the global oil and natural gas resources, production, technology development, energy use, emissions and costs. The activity is based on the European project “Risk of Energy Availability: Common Corridors for Europe Supply Security” (REACCESS) and the data collected was used in this project as an input to evaluate the technical, economical and environmental characteristics of the energy corridors to European Union (EU).

The paper is based on literature reviews and data collection from national authorities, oil companies, international associations and international organisations.

The work provides a general overview of oil and natural gas resources, production rates, recent technology developments, costs, losses, energy consumption and emissions on a world regional level. Main issues related to the role of conventional oil and natural gas in the energy import framework are summarised in this paper.

The present study provides information on conventional oil and natural gas resources and it is limited to primary production technologies.

An outline of oil and natural gas on a regional level is presented. The paper provides general introduction to the subject and it is a valuable input for modelling and analyses of conventional oil and natural gas in the present and in the future energy system.

This disguised case of a unit of a Fortune 500 firm aims to consider two core questions when considering the decision of whether it's time to renew a corporate strategy. They are: Does the strategy truly fit the current business environment? and Is a change in the organizational structure required to fit the intended strategy?

The paper uses “Wyler Company,” a business that was lulled into complacency by prospects of seemingly steady growth, to examine whether the firm's current structure is aligned with leadership's intended strategy.

A self‐directed study process revealed that the intended strategy had been gradually subverted as the organization grew in complexity and specialization. Management quickly developed a consensus that favored a dramatic change in the organization's structure.

The author was a consultant to an oil exploration and production unit of a Fortune 500 company during a period when many of the critical decisions studied by this disguised case were made.

Management needs to continually monitor the gap between implemented and intended strategy, which often increases as the organization evolves a specialized structure to primarily pursue near‐term gains.

Top management's need to analyze whether the operating structure is aligned with its intended strategy for a dynamic business environment is not an unusual problem. When competition increases, many firms change their structure to concentrate on a few profitable activities. This response, though, can inadvertently subvert their intended strategy.

The uncertainty that surrounds oil and gas exploration environments call for an examination at different angles. In terms of robustness, the purpose of this paper is to focus on three performance measurements: the amount of exploration investments, the growth rate of exploration investments, and the value at risk (VaR) of exploration investments.

The study utilizes the properties of discriminant analysis for deriving Z-score models that can be used for monitoring firms’ performance. A cointegration analysis is utilized as well in order to examine the level of cointegration between predictors of each performance measure. The sample includes annual data for 41 firms (local and multinational) working in the oil and gas industry in Egypt for the period 2009-2014.

The results show that amount and growth of exploration investment are quite robust performance measures in the oil and gas industry; VaR of exploration investment is sporadic as it firm-specific; and GDP, capital expenditure and operating expenditure are quite relevant for managing and monitoring growth of exploration investments.

The study offers robust evidence that amount and growth of exploration investment are quiet relevant for measuring firm performance in the oil and gas industry.

The paper aims to provide the prospects and challenges of cooperation concerning natural gas (NG) resources between the European Union (EU) and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), based on a “critical review” of the current state of the GCC region regarding NG production, consumption, trading movements, policy framework and existing/planned projects and programs for each GCC country individually.

The methodological four‐steps approach adopted is based on the context of the project “Creation and Operation of an EU‐GCC Clean Energy Network” (www.eugcc‐cleanergy.net). This paper summarizes the dynamic NG supply/demand situation in the GCC countries in a structured way, touching upon some pertinent policy issues and relating specific projects.

The key finding of the paper is the assessment of GCC countries' potential for future collaboration, especially with the EU. The collaboration opportunities, based on a detailed overview of existing and planned practices in the GCC countries, linking the policy to the practical commercial level, as well as the national system context is elaborated.

To the best of their knowledge, a study focused on the EU‐GCC cooperation for NG is not present in the literature. This study highlights how policy measures differ depending on the supply/demand situation of a particular country, bringing a unique perspective on how diverse the GCC region really is. Moreover, based on the specific energy projects presented, the policy level is linked to the practical commercial level. The presented approach and the related outcomes support the policy makers to enable the environment needed for concrete NG cooperation actions of mutual benefit for both regions.

In the past few years Indian companies witnessed competition from their Chinese counterparts in acquiring overseas petroleum resources. In an attempt to avoid competition with each other the two governments have taken various measures, which finally led to the two countries signing a Memorandum of Understanding for energy cooperation especially for joint overseas bidding for exploration and production. Although the Indian side perceives the cooperation effort as a major breakthrough in avoiding Chinese competition in the overseas energy arena, it appears to be of limited prospects to India in terms of acquiring overseas petroleum assets or exploration and production contracts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the prospects and implication for India in the overseas energy cooperation with China.

The paper analyses the strategy which China is pursuing, in order to maximise its gains and outmanoeuvre India in the overseas energy asset biddings.

The main findings of the paper show that competition would be the prevailing factor in their interaction in overseas energy search.

While there are many potential areas of cooperation between India and China, this paper focuses only on their cooperation to jointly procure energy fields in order to evaluate the likely prospects and implications for India.

This paper is original work based on facts and information regarding energy cooperation between India and China. The paper offers an analysis of India‐China interaction in the overseas energy arena, and the prospects and implications of cooperation to India.

This paper examines the impact of audit quality on the managerial preferences between real and accrual earnings management (REM and AEM, respectively) in oil and gas firms operating in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member countries.

The study relies on the modified Jones model’s (Dechow et al., 1995) to capture AEM and employs Roychowdhury (2006) approach to examine the use of REM through abnormal cash flows, abnormal production and abnormal discretionary expenditures. Audit quality is measured by auditor-industry specialization. The analyses are based on a sample of 30 oil and gas firms from 2008 to 2019.

The findings highlight that sample companies may substitute between earnings management strategies and tend to shift from AEM to REM when audited by an industry expert. Further analysis points out that the trade-off decision of the pooled sample stems from both upstream and downstream sectors.

This study is subject to two main limitations. First, the narrowed scope of audit quality related factors due to the scarcity of corporate governance reports of companies. Second, the sample size is reduced.

The regulators and users of financial statements should be aware that REM strategy is used by oil and gas firms even when scrutinized by a high quality auditor, calling for extra caution when auditing or analyzing the financial information.

The current research is the first, unveiling the association between audit quality and the trade-off between AEM and REM in a less inspected sector and a unique institutional setting.

This paper aims to identify the factors that are constraining technological innovation to support the development of coalbed methane in China.

The analysis applies ideas relating to national and sector systems of innovation to explain why China’s strategies to support research and technological innovation have failed to stimulate the desired progress in coalbed methane production. It also provides a counter-example of the USA that implemented a number of measures in the 1970s that proved very effective.

The deficiencies of China’s research and development strategies in support of coalbed methane development reflect the national and sectoral systems of innovation. They are exacerbated by the structure of the national oil and gas industry. Key constraints include the excessively top-down management of the national R&D agenda, insufficient support for basic research, limited collaboration networks between companies, research institutes and universities and weak mechanisms for diffusion of knowledge. The success of the USA was based on entirely different systems for innovation and in quite a different industrial setting.

The originality of this analysis lies in placing the challenges facing research and innovation for China’s coalbed methane development in the context of the national and sectoral systems for innovation and comparing with the approach and success of the USA.