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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2009

Aseer Brabin, T. Christopher and Nageswara Rao

Finite element analysis (FEA) has been carried out utilizing the ANSYS software package to assess the failure of thick and thin‐walled steel cylindrical pressure vessels. A simple…

Abstract

Finite element analysis (FEA) has been carried out utilizing the ANSYS software package to assess the failure of thick and thin‐walled steel cylindrical pressure vessels. A simple experimental stress analysis (ESA) procedure is described to evaluate the stress components on inner and outer surfaces of the vessels under internal pressure from the measured surface strains. The procedure is validated considering the strain values of FEA for the applied pressure as measured quantities and obtained the corresponding stress components considering the stress‐strain data of the material from ESA and compared with those of FEA results. Failure pressure estimates from FEA (based on the global plastic deformation) were found to be in good agreement with test results of thin as well as thick‐walled cylindrical vessels made of ductile steel materials.

Details

Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1573-6105

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1985

M.J. Abdul‐Mihsein, A.A. Bakr and R.T. Fenner

The boundary integral equation (BIE) numerical technique is applied to several practical pressure vessels and piping problems. Axisymmetric and three‐dimensional formulations of…

Abstract

The boundary integral equation (BIE) numerical technique is applied to several practical pressure vessels and piping problems. Axisymmetric and three‐dimensional formulations of the BIE method for linear elastic stress analysis are reviewed. Isoparametric quadratic elements which exhibit excellent modelling capabilities are used to discretize the surfaces. Several three‐dimensional and axisymmetric structures are analysed.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 2 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1967

A description of how oxygen pressure vessels for the prototype B.A.C./Sud Concorde are manufactured from seamless steel tubing produced by the Weldless works of Tubes Limited and…

Abstract

A description of how oxygen pressure vessels for the prototype B.A.C./Sud Concorde are manufactured from seamless steel tubing produced by the Weldless works of Tubes Limited and an outline of the salient features of the Concorde's oxygen system for crew and passengers. On February 28, 1968—just fourteen months hence—the first prototype Concorde supersonic airliner (FIG. 1) will make its maiden flight from the Toulouse‐Blagnac airfield in France. Six months later the second prototype will make its first flight from British Aircraft Corporation's airfield at Filton, Bristol. In September 1969, and November 1969, respectively, two pre‐production aircraft will fly for the first time—these having a longer fuselage, higher gross weight, additional fuel capacity and higher payload capacity than the prototype aircraft. Apart from the fact that the pre‐production types will carry full flight test instrumentation, they will be fully representative of production Concordes—60 of which have already been ordered for service with thirteen leading world airlines.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 39 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 1 December 2006

P. Anil Kishan and Sukanta K. Dash

The purpose of the present investigation is to compute the circulation flow of a liquid in a closed chamber when the liquid is fired by a gas jet through number of nozzles.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the present investigation is to compute the circulation flow of a liquid in a closed chamber when the liquid is fired by a gas jet through number of nozzles.

Design/methodology/approach

The conservation equations for mass and momentum have been solved in a closed container along with the conservation of volume fraction of the secondary phase in order to take into account the gas phase present in the liquid. The drag force created by the gas on the liquid has been incorporated in the momentum equation as a source term and the resulting equations have been solved numerically using a finite volume technique in an unstructured grid employing a phase coupled pressure linked velocity solver for the pressure correction equation, which is usually known as the Eulerian Scheme for two phase flow solution. An eddy viscosity based kε turbulence model for the mixture was considered to update the fluid viscosity with iterations and capture the turbulence in the overall mixture rather than computing the individual turbulence in both the phases, which was found to be extremely time‐consuming and computationally unstable to some extent.

Findings

The model thus developed was tried to predict the circulation flow rate in an experimental setup where air was injected to drive the water in a long U tube setup. The computed circulation flow rate was found to be within 15 percent deviation from the experimentally observed values. The circulation flow rate of water was found to be increasing with the injected airflow rate. After this model validation, circulation flow rate of steel in an industrial size Ruhrstal‐Haraeus (RH)‐degasser was computed by injecting argon into the liquid steel through the up‐leg of the RH vessel. It was found that the circulation flow rate of steel in the RH degasser was increasing when the argon flow was being varied from 800 to 1,600 NL/min, which confirms the industrial findings.

Research limitations/implications

The present computation could not use the energy equation to compute the swelling of the gas bubbles inside the chamber due to huge computing time requirement.

Practical implications

The present computation could compute realistically the circulation flow rate of water in a U tube when fired by a gas jet by using a two‐phase Eulerian model and hence this model can be effectively used for industrial applications where two‐phase flow comes into picture.

Originality/value

The original contribution of the paper is in the use of the state‐of the‐art Eulerian two‐phase flow model to predict circulation flow in an industrial size RH degasser.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 16 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 March 2011

Robert Bogue

The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the uses of robots in the nuclear power industry, with an emphasis on newer developments and applications.

4697

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the uses of robots in the nuclear power industry, with an emphasis on newer developments and applications.

Design/methodology/approach

Following an introduction to the nuclear industry, this paper considers robotic applications in two areas: test and inspection and decommissioning. A range of products, applications and case histories are discussed.

Findings

It is shown that robots are used widely for test and inspection and decommissioning tasks. The majority are highly specialised and are frequently produced by specialist nuclear engineering companies. The main robotic test and inspection techniques are visual inspection, ultrasonics and eddy current and the use of robots reflects both the need to minimise operator exposure to radiation and the frequent difficulties in accessing critical components such as pressure vessel welds and steam generator tubes. Key decommissioning uses include handling and size reduction of contaminated materials, cutting and demolition.

Originality/value

This paper provides details of inspection and decommissioning robots in the nuclear power industry.

Details

Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 38 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 1957

LA. Cooper and B.R. Davies

Among the secondary problems arising out of new industrial developments and techniques one of the most frequent is that of lubrication. The manufacturer of lubricants, through his…

Abstract

Among the secondary problems arising out of new industrial developments and techniques one of the most frequent is that of lubrication. The manufacturer of lubricants, through his own research facilities, is bound to keep abreast, if not ahead, of current developments so that his products may give satisfactory service under novel conditions.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 9 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Article
Publication date: 28 May 2010

Hiroshi Mizukami, Kazuya Hanaori, Koji Takahashi, Akira Tange and Kotoji Ando

Surface defects reduce fatigue strength and may greatly reduce component reliability, particularly in pressure vessel weld regions, springs, and other applications. The fatigue…

Abstract

Purpose

Surface defects reduce fatigue strength and may greatly reduce component reliability, particularly in pressure vessel weld regions, springs, and other applications. The fatigue strength of components, and thus their reliability, can be substantially increased by tensile overloading prior to use. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of tensile overload on small cracks by applying a tensile overload to steel plates containing semicircular slits that simulate small surface cracks and by determining the degree of increase in the fatigue strength. The effect of tensile overload on the apparent fatigue threshold stress intensity factor range (ΔKth) was also investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

A tensile overload stress of 1,000 or 1,200 MPa was applied once to all test pieces. Then, bending fatigue tests were conducted with a stress ratio R=0.1. The slit region was subjected to applied cyclic tensile stress by four‐point bending throughout the fatigue test. A test specimen to which no overload stress was applied was tested for comparison.

Findings

The improvement in ΔKth by tensile overload is observed in the specimen with a small crack like surface defect. However, in the specimen with a small crack like surface defect, the improvement in ΔKth by tensile overload is saturated as increasing tensile overload. The improvement rate of ΔKth by tensile overload and the upper limits of improvement in ΔKth were predicted. The predicted values of the improvement rate of K were well in agreement with the experimental results.

Practical implications

The proposed method can be applied to pressure vessels and springs.

Originality/value

The overload effects on fatigue strength are studied for large cracks. However, the effect is not understood at all for small cracks. This study focused the over load effects for small cracks. This is the original point of the present study.

Details

International Journal of Structural Integrity, vol. 1 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-9864

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1996

Richard Earnshaw

Discusses the use of high pressure in the processing, packaging and shelf life of food products. Describes the effects of high pressure on food microbiology, chemistry and…

1902

Abstract

Discusses the use of high pressure in the processing, packaging and shelf life of food products. Describes the effects of high pressure on food microbiology, chemistry and structure. Suggests there are commercial opportunities for new products using pressure packaging as the flavours and colours of fresh food are maintained with minimal processing.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 96 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 1958

The major steel works of the world have been the foremost industries to recognise the importance of correct lubrication. Whilst we appreciate their foresight and good sense and…

Abstract

The major steel works of the world have been the foremost industries to recognise the importance of correct lubrication. Whilst we appreciate their foresight and good sense and are particularly observant of the impetus that they have given to the subject of applied lubrication, we must not lose sight of the fact that this advancement in lubrication has been forced upon them since it is correct to state that no modern rolling mill could possibly attain anything like its present output unless the lubrication of its mill roll bearings was adequately catered for by modern lubricating equipment.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 10 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1961

A Special Correspondent

Last month, in Part 1 of this article, various elastomeric materials were described for use as anti‐corrosive linings for plant and equipment. Methods of application vary, of…

Abstract

Last month, in Part 1 of this article, various elastomeric materials were described for use as anti‐corrosive linings for plant and equipment. Methods of application vary, of course, according to circumstances. In this second part, consideration is given to application methods and design problems

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 8 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

1 – 10 of over 4000