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Article
Publication date: 16 January 2024

Bashir H. Osman

Recently, the repairing of reinforced concrete (RC) structures attracted great research attentions, but the research interests were mainly concentrated on common repairing types…

Abstract

Purpose

Recently, the repairing of reinforced concrete (RC) structures attracted great research attentions, but the research interests were mainly concentrated on common repairing types. To this end, in this paper, a repairing of pre-loaded RC beams strengthened by aramid reinforcement polymers (AFRP) is presented. Furthermore, the purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of pre-loaded RC Deep beams under sustained load. The AFRP has many advantages such as controlling stresses distribution around the openings, controlling failure modes, and enhancing the structural capacity of pre-cracked RC beams.

Design/methodology/approach

Four specimens were experimentally tested: one specimen without strengthening, which is considered as control specimen, one strengthened specimen using AFRP without pre-cracking and two specimens subjected to pre-cracking load before prior to AFRP application. Furthermore, after validation of experimental data by using ANSYS software, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of pre-damage level on shear capacity of RC beams. For pre-cracked beams, loading was first applied until the cracking stage, followed by specimen repairing with epoxy injection, and then the specimens were loaded again until failure point.

Findings

The result showed that pre-damage level and AFRP strengthening have great influence on the ultimate strength and failure mode. In addition, the results obtained from experimental tests were compared with those from numerical validation with ANSYS and showed good agreement.

Originality/value

Based on ACI guidelines, an analytical equation for calculating the shear strength of strengthened RC beams with openings subjected to pre-damage was then proposed, and the calculated results were compared with those from the tests, with differences not exceeding 10%.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 July 1944

F.E. Burger

THE bearing described in this article may help to solve many problems peculiar to aircraft design, where deflections of large orders are experienced between one location and…

Abstract

THE bearing described in this article may help to solve many problems peculiar to aircraft design, where deflections of large orders are experienced between one location and another.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 16 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 12 June 2009

Caroline Ritchie, Felix Ritchie and Richard Ward

The purpose of this paper is to investigate drinking patterns; attitudes towards alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related behaviours amongst differing groups of young adults. A…

1959

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate drinking patterns; attitudes towards alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related behaviours amongst differing groups of young adults. A further aim is to investigate whether the drinking behaviours of undergraduate populations can be considered to be representative of young adult behaviours in general.

Design/methodology/approach

Four groups of young adult alcohol consumers are identified. The participants in the first two groups are aged between 18 and 23, one group being undergraduates and the second non‐graduates in work. Participants in the second two groups are aged between 24 and 29, one group comprising graduates in work, the second non‐graduates in work. 120 questionnaires were completed; 30 in each sample group, with an even gender distribution. Follow up one‐to‐one interviews are carried out with representatives from each group.

Findings

Although a small study it is evident that whilst there are some similarities in behaviours between the differing sample groups significant differences in alcohol‐related behaviours dominate.

Practical implications

The results suggest that utilising the results of research carried out amongst student populations to inform government policies with regard to the behaviour of young adults in general is unlikely to be successful in changing drinking behaviours.

Originality/value

This paper produces new insights into current drinking cultures and attitudes towards drinking in differing groups of young adults. Specifically, it compares behavioural norms between graduate and non‐graduate populations challenging much current research which is based upon student samples as being representative of the young adult population as a whole.

Details

Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, vol. 1 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-4217

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1985

Since the first Volume of this Bibliography there has been an explosion of literature in all the main areas of business. The researcher and librarian have to be able to uncover…

16648

Abstract

Since the first Volume of this Bibliography there has been an explosion of literature in all the main areas of business. The researcher and librarian have to be able to uncover specific articles devoted to certain topics. This Bibliography is designed to help. Volume III, in addition to the annotated list of articles as the two previous volumes, contains further features to help the reader. Each entry within has been indexed according to the Fifth Edition of the SCIMP/SCAMP Thesaurus and thus provides a full subject index to facilitate rapid information retrieval. Each article has its own unique number and this is used in both the subject and author index. The first Volume of the Bibliography covered seven journals published by MCB University Press. This Volume now indexes 25 journals, indicating the greater depth, coverage and expansion of the subject areas concerned.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 November 2022

Nursyamsi Nursyamsi, Johannes Tarigan, Muhammad Aswin, Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar and Harianto Hardjasaputra

Damage to reinforced concrete (RC) structural elements is inevitable. Such damage can be the result of several factors, including aggressive environmental conditions, overloading…

Abstract

Purpose

Damage to reinforced concrete (RC) structural elements is inevitable. Such damage can be the result of several factors, including aggressive environmental conditions, overloading, inadequate design, poor work execution, fire, storm, earthquakes etc. Therefore, repairing and strengthening is one way to improve damaged structures, so that they can be reutilized. In this research, the use of an ultra high-performance fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) layer is proposed as a strengthening material to rehabilitate damaged-RC beams. Different strengthening schemes pertaining to the structural performance of the retrofitted RC beams due to the flexural load were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 13 normal RC beams were prepared. All the beams were subjected to a four-point flexural test. One beam was selected as the control beam and tested to failure, whereas the remaining beams were tested under a load of up to 50% of the ultimate load capacity of the control beam. The damaged beams were then strengthened using a UHPFRC layer with two different schemes; strip-shape and U-shape schemes, before all the beams were tested to failure.

Findings

Based on the test results, the control beam and all strengthened beams failed in the flexural mode. Compared to the control beam, the damaged-RC beams strengthened using the strip-shape scheme provided an increase in the ultimate load capacity ranging from 14.50% to 43.48% (or an increase of 1.1450 to 1.4348 times), whereas for the U-shape scheme beams ranged from 48.70% to 149.37% (or an increase of 1.4870–2.4937 times). The U-shape scheme was more effective in rehabilitating the damaged-RC beams. The UHPFRC mixtures are workable, as well easy to place and cast into the formworks. Furthermore, the damaged-RC beams strengthened using strip-shape scheme and U-shape scheme generated ductility factors of greater than 4 and 3, respectively. According to Eurocode8, these values are suitable for seismically active regions. Therefore, the strengthened damaged-RC beams under this study can quite feasibly be used in such regions.

Research limitations/implications

Observations of crack patterns were not accompanied by measurements of crack widths due to the unavailability of a microcrack meter in the laboratory. The cost of the strengthening system application were not evaluated in this study, so the users should consider wisely related to the application of this method on the constructions.

Practical implications

Rehabilitation of the damaged-RC beams exhibited an adequate structural performance, where all strengthened RC beams fail in the flexural mode, as well as having increment in the failure load capacity and ductility. So, the used strengthening system in this study can be applied for the building construction in the seismic regions.

Social implications

Aside from equipment, application of this strengthening system need also the labours.

Originality/value

The use of sand blasting on the surfaces of the damaged-RC beams, as well as the application of UHPFRC layers of different thicknesses and shapes to strengthen the damaged-RC beams, provides a novel innovation in the strengthening of damaged-RC beams, which can be applicable to either bridge or building constructions.

Details

Construction Innovation , vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-4175

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1947

M.F. Allward

ONE of the many features that need careful consideration during the initial design stages of a modern cargo carrying aircraft is the adequate provision of suitable loading…

Abstract

ONE of the many features that need careful consideration during the initial design stages of a modern cargo carrying aircraft is the adequate provision of suitable loading facilities. A commercial aircraft is only producing revenue when it is in the air carrying cargo and it is therefore essential that the greatest number of flying hours possible be achieved. Speed is one of the main factors in reducing costs to an airline operator, because it enables him to spread his fixed operating costs over a greater number of miles per hour. The efficiency of a freighter in the air, however, can be nullified by its ‘performance’ on the ground, for a 30 m.p.h. increase in cruising speed, for example, might well be outweighed by delays in loading and unloading the aircraft at its stopping places.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 19 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 31 January 2011

Andrew Newton

This paper will reflect on the impact of the Licensing Act 2003 (LA03). It will focus primarily on how the LA03 has been introduced to, and has influenced, the night‐time economy…

Abstract

This paper will reflect on the impact of the Licensing Act 2003 (LA03). It will focus primarily on how the LA03 has been introduced to, and has influenced, the night‐time economy (NTE). More specifically, it will examine the impact of the LA03 on alcohol‐related crime, disorder and harm to health, within an urban context. It will review the evidence base for the impact of the LA03, suggesting reasons why the UK experience of extended trading hours is not consistent with international evidence. It will examine the mixed findings from evaluations as to its success/failures/limited influence, and discuss its impact on a number of organisations involved in the promotion and safety of the NTE. It will highlight the continued struggles encountered within the NTE, between the promotion of an enjoyable and profitable NTE, and those who have responsibility for maintaining a safe NTE environment. It will also discuss potential extraneous factors that have superseded the LA03, before concluding by offering and discussing some possible avenues for future direction.

Details

Safer Communities, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-8043

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 October 1991

A leading manufacturer of wearing and bearing composites, Tenmat Ltd of Trafford Park, Manchester, supplies high performance, non‐metallic engineering materials and components for…

Abstract

A leading manufacturer of wearing and bearing composites, Tenmat Ltd of Trafford Park, Manchester, supplies high performance, non‐metallic engineering materials and components for a range of applications throughout the world. For some considerable time the company's products have been provided highly reliable service in areas where high temperatures or heat transfer are a problem or where long‐term electrical insulation at temperature is required. The range of materials has been expanded such that the most demanding of current requirements can be satisfied and this is particularly true in the aerospace field where the dictates of safety and economy are complied with to the satisfaction of the regulatory authorities and operators.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 63 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Article
Publication date: 31 January 2011

Stuart Kirby and Laura Hewitt

A number of studies relating to the impact of the Licensing Act 2003 have been described as either inconclusive or lacking implementation detail. This study, five years after the…

Abstract

A number of studies relating to the impact of the Licensing Act 2003 have been described as either inconclusive or lacking implementation detail. This study, five years after the introduction of the Act, adds to this body of research by assessing the implications for Preston, England's newest city. Through interviews with police officers, licence holders and paramedics, it concentrates on how the Act was implemented and outlines the changes that have occurred. In essence, it shows how consumers are more likely to ‘pre‐load’ prior to leaving home, how drinking and associated crime patterns have been extended into the early hours of the morning, and how incidents of alcohol‐related crime have reduced.

Details

Safer Communities, vol. 10 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-8043

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 December 1965

C.E. Tharratt

A Theoretical Approach to Assessing the Thermodynamic Process Within the Combustion Chamber of the Propulsive Duct, an Examination of the Potential of the Duct with Special…

Abstract

A Theoretical Approach to Assessing the Thermodynamic Process Within the Combustion Chamber of the Propulsive Duct, an Examination of the Potential of the Duct with Special Reference to the Application of Feedback and Spark Discharge Techniques. The type of valve of greatest importance to successful duct design is one which is synchronized to the pressure fluctuations within the combustion zone. Although there have been a number of proposals for mechanically linked valves (indeed the normal internal combustion engine works on this principle) and rotary valves, these have severe limitations at the higher frequencies and are generally impracticable for the application under review. This section will therefore concentrate on the mechanical reed‐type valve which, theoretically, need have only one moving part, i.e. the dynamic metal reed, and the aerodynamic valve which relies upon the interaction of two gas dynamical vibrations and has no moving mechanical parts.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 37 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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