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Article
Publication date: 5 January 2023

Miraj Ahmed Bhuiyan, Zhihui Liu and Fanqiang Meng

At present, the scale of China's floating population has reached 376 million people. Compared with the local inhabitants, the poverty problem of the floating population is more…

Abstract

Purpose

At present, the scale of China's floating population has reached 376 million people. Compared with the local inhabitants, the poverty problem of the floating population is more complex, and this problem should also attract the attention of all sectors of society. This paper aims to measure and analyze the multidimensional poverty of the floating population in China.

Design/methodology/approach

The data used in this paper are the data of the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) in China. This survey is a large-scale national migratory population sampling survey organized by the China National Health Commission, covering 31 provinces (autonomous regions and cities) and other autonomous regions. This paper uses the dynamic monitoring and Alkire and Foster (A-F) method to study the multidimensional poverty problem of the floating population.

Findings

This study finds that income poverty is no longer the main type of poverty faced by the floating population. The multidimensional poverty of the floating population mainly occurs in the social security and education dimensions, of which social security has become the most severe poverty dimension of the floating population. From the perspective of group differences, compared with the floating population in urban areas, the multidimensional poverty of migrant workers is more serious. However, the poverty of migrant workers is mainly concentrated in one-dimensional poverty and two-dimensional poverty.

Social implications

In the future, the authors should focus on the social security of the floating population in the place of influx and the education of the floating population.

Originality/value

Through the review of the existing literature, the authors find that the current research on the multidimensional poverty of the floating population is mainly concentrated on the migrant worker groups that move from rural areas to urban areas. However, insufficient attention is paid to the urban floating population groups moving between cities.

Details

Kybernetes, vol. 53 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 14 October 2021

Fan Gao

Poverty alleviation has been a major theme of China's modernization process since the founding of New China. This paper points out that China's poverty alleviation process…

2049

Abstract

Purpose

Poverty alleviation has been a major theme of China's modernization process since the founding of New China. This paper points out that China's poverty alleviation process presents three stylized facts: “Miraculous” achievements of poverty alleviation have been made on a global scale; the poverty alleviation achievements mainly occurred in the high growth stage after reform and opening up; the poverty alleviation process is accompanied by the structural transformation of the urban–rural dual economy.

Design/methodology/approach

Therefore, a logically consistent analytical framework should form among the structural transformation of the dual economy, economic growth and the achievements in poverty alleviation. In logical deduction, the structural transformation of the dual economy affects rural poverty alleviation through the effects of labor reallocation, agricultural productivity improvement, demographic change and fiscal resource allocation.

Findings

The first two refer to economic growth, and the latter two are alleviation policies. The combination of economic growth and poverty alleviation policies is the main cause for poverty alleviation performance. China's empirical evidence can support the four effects by which the structural transformation of the dual economy affects poverty alleviation.

Originality/value

China's socialist system and its economic system transformation after reform and opening up provide an institutional basis for the effects to come into play. After 2020, China's poverty alleviation strategies will enter the “second-half” phase, namely, the phase of solving the problems of relative poverty in urban and rural areas by adopting conventional methods and establishing long-term mechanisms. This requires the facilitation of the reconnection between poverty alleviation strategies and the structural transformation of the dual economy in terms of development ideas and policy directions.

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 22 August 2023

André M. Marques

This paper aims to test three hypotheses in city growth literature documenting the poverty reduction observed in Brazil and exploring a rich spatial dataset for 5,564 Brazilian…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to test three hypotheses in city growth literature documenting the poverty reduction observed in Brazil and exploring a rich spatial dataset for 5,564 Brazilian cities observed between 1991 and 2010. The large sample and the author's improved econometric methods allows one to better understand and measure how important income growth is for poverty reduction, the patterns of agglomeration and population growth in all Brazilian cities.

Design/methodology/approach

The author identifies literature gaps and use a sizeable spatial dataset for 5,564 Brazilian cities observed in 1991, 2000 and 2010 applying instrumental variables methods. The bias-corrected accelerated bootstrap percentile interval supports the author's point estimates.

Findings

This manuscript finds that Brazilian data for cities does not support Gibrat's law, raising the scope for urban planning and associated policies. Second, economic growth on a sustainable basis is still a vital source of poverty reduction (The author estimates the poverty elasticity at four percentage points). Lastly, agglomeration effects positively affect the city's productivity, while negative externalities underlie the city's development patterns.

Originality/value

Data for cities in Brazil possess unique characteristics such as spatial autocorrelation and endogeneity. Applying proper methods to find more reliable answers to the above three questions is a desirable procedure that must be encouraged. As the author points out in the manuscript, dealing with endogenous regressors in regional economics is still a developing matter that regional scientists could more generally apply to many regional issues.

Details

EconomiA, vol. 24 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1517-7580

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 May 2013

Akhmad Affandi and Dewi Puji Astuti

The purpose of this paper is to examine the poverty rates of Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan, representing majority Muslim populations, and of India as a minority Muslim…

1407

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the poverty rates of Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan, representing majority Muslim populations, and of India as a minority Muslim population, according to Ibn Khaldun's dynamic model on poverty.

Design/methodology/approach

According to Ibn Khaldun, poverty is not merely influenced by economic dimension. He initiated fundamental factors as mentioned in his formula P=f(W,G,N,S,g,J ) where P is a function of Wealth of the Nation (W ), Government (G ), Human Resource (N ), Sharia (S ), Growth ( g) and Justice ( J ). This study generates secondary data covering from 2000‐2010 or after financial crisis of 1997. These data employed using Panel method.

Findings

The study's findings reveal that the variable of Dynamic model of Ibn Khaldun influenced significantly the level of poverty in Indonesia as a Muslim majority population, whereas in Pakistan only the HDI variable has significant influence. Meanwhile (like Malaysia) in India, the variable of Dynamic model of Ibn Khaldun does not influence significantly.

Research limitations/implications

Each country has certain characteristics and background with respect to economic growth, government policy and population that might influence poverty. As a result, the application of Ibn Khaldun model varies accordingly.

Practical implications

The findings reveal that quite a few challenges lie ahead in applying Ibn Khaldun model in these countries. This needs to be taken on promptly by each country, especially Muslim countries.

Originality/value

This paper is one of few studies which employ Ibn Khaldun theory on poverty, using panel data to investigate the appropriateness of the model.

Article
Publication date: 6 May 2014

Akhmad Affandi and Dewi Puji Astuti

The purpose of this study is to examine the poverty rate of Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan representing majority Muslim populations and that of India as a minority Muslim…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the poverty rate of Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan representing majority Muslim populations and that of India as a minority Muslim population according to Ibn Khaldun's dynamic model on poverty.

Design/methodology/approach

According to Ibn Khaldun, poverty is not merely influenced by economic dimensions. He initiated fundamental factors, as mentioned in his formula, which are the functions of Wealth of the Nation, Government, Human Resource, Shariah, Growth and Justice. This study generates secondary data covering the period from 2000 to 2010 or after the financial crisis of 1997. These data were generated using the Panel method.

Findings

The findings of this study reveal that the dynamic model of Ibn Khaldun significantly influenced the level of poverty in Indonesia as a Muslim-majority population, whereas in Pakistan, only the human development index variable has a significant influence. Meanwhile, like Malaysia, in India, the dynamic model of Ibn Khaldun did not have significant influence.

Research limitations/implications

Each country has certain characteristics and background with respect to economic growth, government policy and population that might influence poverty. As a result, the application of Ibn Khaldun's model varies accordingly.

Practical implications

The findings reveal that quite a few challenges lie ahead in applying Ibn Khaldun's model in these countries. This needs to be taken on promptly by each country, especially Muslim countries.

Originality/Value

This paper is one of the few studies which use Ibn Khaldun' theory on poverty using panel data to investigate the appropriateness of the model.

Details

Humanomics, vol. 30 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0828-8666

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Energy Economics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-294-2

Article
Publication date: 4 March 2014

Udaya R. Wagle

This paper aims to examine how population heterogeneity contributes to poverty in 17 high-income Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries during 1980-2005…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how population heterogeneity contributes to poverty in 17 high-income Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries during 1980-2005.

Design/methodology/approach

The operational strategy involves linking poverty with heterogeneity directly as well as indirectly through welfare state policies as a latent variable in a structural equation framework.

Findings

Findings support the widely held poverty-reducing roles of welfare state policies. Ethno-racial and religious diversities are found to positively contribute to welfare state policies and, through them, lower poverty, whereas immigration assumes opposite roles.

Research limitations/implications

Data limitations on population and especially ethno-racial and religious heterogeneity caution against definitiveness.

Originality/value

The findings are useful in understanding the heterogeneity connection of welfare state policies and poverty.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 34 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 30 September 2014

Florent Bresson

This paper deals with poverty decompositions into subgroups defined with respect to intervals of income and the robustness of comparisons of the absolute contribution of such…

Abstract

This paper deals with poverty decompositions into subgroups defined with respect to intervals of income and the robustness of comparisons of the absolute contribution of such groups to poverty. For instance, world poverty estimates by the World Bank often distinguish between the extreme poor whose incomes are lower than $1.25 a day (in PPP terms) and the other poor with incomes between $1.25 and $2.5 a day. Existing dominance conditions can tell whether overall poverty and extreme poverty have declined in a robust manner when comparing countries at two points of time, but they cannot say anything for the contribution of the non-extreme poor to overall poverty. In the present paper we propose stochastic generalized dominance criteria to perform robust poverty ordering when the focus is placed on some interval of the poverty domain. Using generated data based on grouped data from World Bank’s PovcalNet tool, the paper finally investigates whether the robust decline of extreme poverty around the world during the last decades was also accompanied by a decline of the contribution of non-extreme poverty.

Details

Economic Well-Being and Inequality: Papers from the Fifth ECINEQ Meeting
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78350-556-2

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 May 2018

Yansui Liu, Yuanzhi Guo and Yang Zhou

Poverty alleviation is a global challenge. Human society has never ceased to fight against poverty. China was once the developing country with the largest rural poor population in…

6787

Abstract

Purpose

Poverty alleviation is a global challenge. Human society has never ceased to fight against poverty. China was once the developing country with the largest rural poor population in the world. Remarkable achievements have been made in China’s antipoverty program over the past decades, shaping a unique poverty reduction strategy with Chinese characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to first review the history of China’s rural reform and antipoverty, and then analyze the related policy systems, mechanism innovations and future challenges in poverty alleviation and development. At last, some specific policy implications were provided.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature on China’s antipoverty history was reviewed and mechanism innovations on targeted poverty alleviation strategy were investigated.

Findings

Along with the deepening of the rural reform, the poverty alleviation and development in new China have undergone six stages, and experienced a transformation from relief-oriented to development-oriented poverty alleviation. The object of poverty alleviation has gradually targeted with a transformation from poor counties/areas to villages/households, and the effectiveness of poverty alleviation is also gradually improved. However, the increase in the difficulty of antipoverty, fragile ecological environment, rapid population aging and rural decline poses challenges to the construction of a well-off society in an all-round way in China. Specific antipoverty measures were put forward based on the investigation. Finally, the authors emphasize the importance of strengthening the study of poverty geography.

Originality/value

This study investigates the history of China’s antipoverty policy and analyzes the future challenges for implementing targeted poverty alleviation policy. These findings will lay a foundation for the formulation of China’s antipoverty policies after 2020, and provide experience for poverty alleviation in other developing countries around the world.

Details

China Agricultural Economic Review, vol. 10 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-137X

Keywords

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