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Conventionally, oil pipeline projects are evaluated thoroughly by the owner before investment decision is made using market, technical and financial analysis sequentially. The market analysis determines pipelines throughput and supply and demand points. Subsequent, technical analysis identifies technological options and economic and financial analysis then derives the least cost option among all technically feasible options. The subsequent impact assessment tries to justify the selected option by addressing environmental and social issues. The impact assessment often suggests alternative sites, technologies, and/or implementation methodology, necessitating revision of technical and financial analysis. This study addresses these issues via an integrated project evaluation and selection model. The model uses analytic hierarchy process, a multiple‐attribute decision‐making technique. The effectiveness of the model has been demonstrated through a case application on cross‐country petroleum pipeline project in India.

This paper aims to examine the dark flip side of the heightened dreams and wild expectations of development as a bright picture that accompanied the discovery of petroleum in politically unstable and donor-dependent Chad.

Data were elicited through local-level ethnography–participant observation, individual surveys and focus group discussion sessions with stakeholders on the impact of the Chad–Cameroon pipeline and petroleum development project.

While the “discourse of development” is about a better and new future, this new future, however, has a dark side: un/under-development, “backwardness”, corruption and patronage, leading to deeply entrenched poverty. Petroleum has become a discursive site where the competing discourses about development personified as the provision of material resources are played out.

The failure of petro-dollar-inspired development in Chad speaks to the mutually reinforcing nature of development decisions. Although firms need workers with specialized skills, workers will not acquire those skills in anticipation of employment opportunities. This disjuncture highlights the need for strategic complementarity in investment decision and coordination among economic agents. More than a decade later, the utopic dream of petro-dollar-inspired development as an aspiration is now characterized by a disconnect–environmental degradation, food insecurity, gendered and deeply entrenched poverty. This disjuncture demonstrates the need for a holistic impact assessment that involves different adaptive approaches and focus on a wide range of livelihood issues. Holistic evaluation on all programmes, plans, projects, policies and interventions will lead to the achievement of sustainable people-centred development that conserves the stewardship of nature.

Corrosion-producing microorganisms have different physiology and include sulfate-reducing bacteria, iron oxidizers and magnesium oxidizers. Biocorrosion has been seen in various industries, especially the petrochemicals and oil industries. One proposal to solve this problem is the use of bacteriophages to treat the bacteria-caused corrosion. The aims of this study were isolation and identification of corrosion-producing bacteria from petroleum pipeline corrosion as well as finding their specific bacteriophages for phage therapy purposes.

The sample pipes with the corrosion were obtained from the Gandomkar petroleum pipeline station, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran. For screening the corrosion-producing bacteria, the rusted pipe samples were cultured in a selective culture medium, manganese agar. The purified individual colonies were subjected to molecular examinations. For isolating bacteriophages from silversmithing workshops wastewater in Isfahan, whole plate titration methods and transmission electron microscopy were used to isolate and detect phages.

The cultivation of corrosion-based material on manganese agar after 18 hours incubation at 30°C resulted in the isolation of cream-colored colonies. The microscopic examinations showed Gram-negative coccobacilli. Based on molecular examinations, the isolated bacteria were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain PBM-IAUF-2 with Genebank accession number of KU145278.1. The found bacteriophage was related to the Siphoviridae family of phages.

This paper is the first report of isolation and identification of corrosion-producing bacteria and its specific lytic phages from Gandomkar petroleum pipeline station, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran. The biological procedures for preventing the microbial corrosion could be an asset and considered as a potential in the petroleum and industrial microbiology. Phage therapy is considered as one of the economical methods for reducing the biocorrosion.

The paper aims to report an experimental investigation of the effectiveness of an alkyl amine‐based inhibitor on the corrosion behavior of 1018 carbon steel in sea water. The adsorption equilibrium for this corrosion inhibitor on carbon steel was also investigated. The corrosion inhibitor was evaluated based on parameters such as inhibitor concentration, temperature, stirring speed and pH.

The experimental setup employed an autoclave with a flow circulation system. Weight loss determinations and electrochemical techniques such as polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization were used to detect and monitor the performance of the corrosion inhibitor. Surface examination of the steel substrate before and after applying different doses of inhibitor was undertaken using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS).

Inhibition efficiency was enhanced by adsorption of amine‐containing functional groups on the steel surface. This adsorption capacity was measured and fitted Langmuir and Shawabkeh‐Tutunji isotherms and was found to require a maximum requirement of 1.08 mg of corrosion inhibitor to provide a monolayer of cover on the carbon steel surface. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing the inhibitor concentration and solution pH. Moreover, increasing the solution temperature and stirring speed had an adverse effect on inhibition efficiency. Polarization data fitted by the Butler‐Volmer Equation showed the values of anodic and cathodic Tafel coefficients were an average of 0.8 and 0.2, respectively. The measured corrosion rates decreased rapidly within the first hour after commencing the experiments, which is related to the formation of a protective oxide film.

More inhibitor concentrations can be studied in order to draw more comprehensive conclusions on the efficiency of the tested inhibitor.

The effect of alkyl amine‐based inhibitor on the corrosion inhibition characteristic of 1018 carbon steel (CS) in sea water was determined at different inhibitor concentrations, temperatures, stirring speeds and pH.

The new information reported in this paper is the effect of alkyl amine‐based inhibitor on the corrosion characteristics of 1018 carbon steel in seawater using an autoclave with a flow circulation system. The paper is valuable to researchers in the area of corrosion inhibitors and oil and gas industry.

To accurately predict transient flow in homogeneous gas‐liquid mixtures in rigid and quasi‐rigid pipes, two mathematical models based on the gas‐fluid mass ratio are presented. The fluid pressure and velocity are considered as two principal dependent variables and the gas‐fluid mass ratio is assumed to be constant. By application of the conservation of mass and momentum laws, non‐linear hyperbolic systems of two differential equations are obtained and integrated numerically by a finite difference conservative scheme. The fluid density is defined by an expression averaging the two‐component densities where a polytropic process of the gaseous phase is admitted. The rigid model is deduced by neglecting the liquid compressibility and the pipe wall elasticity against the gas deformability. The quasi‐rigid model takes into account these two parameters. The effect of fluid compressibility on transient pressure behaviour is then analysed and confronted to the pipe wall elasticity. Numerical solutions are compared with numerical results available in literature and experiment developed in the laboratory. The results show that the pressure wave propagation is significantly influenced by the gas‐fluid mass ratio and the elasticity of the pipe wall. They indicate that the pipe elasticity and liquid compressibility may be neglected for great values of gas‐fluid mass ratio but not for the smaller ones.

The purpose of this paper is to study the corrosion rate for X52, X60, X65, X70 and X80 steel immersed in Mexican oilfield produced water. For the electrochemical characterization of the five steels rotating disk electrodes, 20°C, 30°C and 45°C of experimental temperature and 0, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 rpm of rotation speed were taken into account. The temperature dependence was analyzed using Arrhenius law. Thus, Rct values obtained from EIS data in comparison with the corrosion rate obtained from polarization curves data were taken into account. Hydrodynamic effects were analyzed by Rct and corrosion rate data.

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques were used to assess the electrochemical behavior for five pipe steels steel immersed in a natural solution.

The resistance and corrosion rate taken from electrochemical tests decreased as temperature and hydrodynamic condition also decreased. In addition, the Arrhenius parameter revealed that the natural solution increased the corrosion rate as the activation energy decreased. Typical branches related to reduction-oxidation reaction (dissolution-activation process or corrosion products dissolution) on steel surface were discussed. Optical images analysis shows that corrosion products for X65 steel exposed to oilfield produced water can be attributed to more susceptibility to corrosion damage for this steel grade (Quej-Ake et al., 2018), which is increased with the temperature and rotation speed of the working electrode.

Corrosion process of the five steels exposed to oilfield produced water could be perceptive when Arrhenius analysis is taken into account. This is because oilfield produced water is the most aggressive condition (brine reservoir and sour water) for internal pipelines walls and storage tanks (brine tanks). Thus, stagnant condition was considered as a more extreme corrosive condition because produced water is stored in atmospheric stationary tanks as well as it is transported under laminar condition in zones where oilfield produced water is maintaining in the bottom of the pipe during the production, transporting and storing of the crude oil. In addition, a brief operational process for Reynolds number and the flowrate of the stock tank barrel per day (Q in STBD) using field and Reynolds number data is discussed.

This is the third article on Business and Law (BSL) Databases in a continuing series of articles summarizing and commenting on new database products. Two companion articles, one covering science, technology and medicine (STM) (Online & CDROM Review vol. 18 issue 1) and the other covering social science, humanities, news and general (SSH) (Online & CDROM Review vol. 18 issue 2) complement this article. The articles are based on the newly appearing database products in the Gale Directory of Databases. The Gale Directory of Databases (GDD) was created in January 1993 by merging Computer‐Readable Databases: A Directory and Data Sourcebook (CRD) together with the Directory of Online Databases (DOD) and the Directory of Portable Databases (DPD).

The existing method of pipeline health monitoring, which requires an entire pipeline to be inspected periodically, is both time‐wasting and expensive. A risk‐based model that reduces the amount of time spent on inspection has been presented. This model not only reduces the cost of maintaining petroleum pipelines, but also suggests efficient design and operation philosophy, construction methodology and logical insurance plans. The risk‐based model uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multiple attribute decision‐making technique, to identify the factors that influence failure on specific segments and analyzes their effects by determining probability of risk factors. The severity of failure is determined through consequence analysis. From this, the effect of a failure caused by each risk factor can be established in terms of cost, and the cumulative effect of failure is determined through probability analysis. The technique does not totally eliminate subjectivity, but it is an improvement over the existing inspection method.

With the rapid development of rail transportation and energy-delivery systems, such as buried oil and gas pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines, the alternating current (AC) corrosion of buried steel pipelines is becoming more serious. This paper aims to study the corrosion behaviours of Q235 buried steel pipelines induced by the alternating stray current, with a set of indoor simulated experiment apparatuses.

The corrosion of the coating holidays of the buried steel pipelines at various AC current densities from 0 to 200 A/m² in the soil-simulating environment was revealed by the electrochemical and weight-loss methods.

The results showed that the corrosion potential of the steel shifted negatively obviously and the corrosion rate of the steel increased with the increasing of AC current density. At a low AC current density, the negative deviation of the corrosion potential of the steel was small and the increase of corrosion rate was slight. However, the negative deviation of the corrosion potential was remarkable and the corrosion rate was greatly increased at a relative higher AC current density. The geometrical shape of the corrosion images indicated the corrosion forms changed from uniform corrosion to local corrosion due to the increase of AC interference.

Investigation results are of benefit to provide a new strategy to forecast and evaluate the AC-induced corrosion of the buried pipelines which could improve the safety of pipeline transportation.