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The chapter concludes the book, summarizing the investigated main features of world security problems with explanation of their possible solutions under SGT. The developed ideology and technology allow us to convert the whole world into intelligent self-organized supercomputer constantly investigating and adequately reacting on numerous crises and security situations which may emerge any time and in/from any world points. Future plans of this work include: (1) international teaming on the described mosaic concept; (2) distributed interactive simulation of world security problems and situations; (3) reimplementation of SGT on modern platforms; (4) possible SGT embedment into existing and new world security organizations; (5) further investigation and development of distributed holistic management related to gestalt theory; and (6) new international publications and patenting.

The interaction of systems through a designated control channel has improved communication, efficiency, management, storage, processing, etc. across several industries. The construction industry is an industry that thrives on a well-planned workflow rhythm; a change in the environmental dynamism will either have a positive or negative impact on the output of the project planned for execution. More so, raising the need for effective collaboration through workflow and project planning, grid application in construction facilitates the relationship between the project reality and the end users, all with the aim of improving resources and value management. However, decentralisation of close-domain control can cause uncertainty and incompleteness of data. And this can be a big factor, especially when a complex project is being executed.

The purpose of the chapter is to study possible approaches to determining the notion “business system” and to describe possible optimization models of decision-making in modern business systems from the position of these approaches.

The methodology of the research includes systemic analysis, discrete event approach in simulation modeling, modeling of complex hierarchical system on the basis of turning criteria into a generalized indicator with the help of functional Kolmogorov mean, and mathematical tools of the Theory of games.

The authors study possible variants of modeling of business systems from the position of various approaches: commercial, practice-oriented, and organizational. Within the commercial approach to defining the notion “business system,” the discrete event approach to simulation modeling on the basis of Markov chains was compiled. A model of starting a certain new commodity in sales was compiled for determining the long-term strategy in the market. Within the practice-oriented approach, evaluation of effectiveness of personal as a component of business system is modeled. Within the organizational approach, two competing companies are modeled on the basis of the positional game.

Finding the optimization model of decision-making in modern business systems is impossible without of the system approach – that is, without considering possible definitions of the term “business system” and compiling the corresponding models. Only the systemic approach will allow for objective and comprehensive modeling of behavior of business systems. The offered methodologies will allow modeling evaluation of the current state of business system, changes of the system in dynamics, and its relations with other business systems.

The chapter examines a comprehensive review of cross-disciplinary literature in the domain of supply chain forecasting during research period 1991–2017, with the primary aim of exploring the growth of literature from operational to demand centric forecasting and decision making in service supply chain systems. A noted list of 15,000 articles from journals and search results are used from academic databases (viz. Science Direct, Web of Sciences). Out of various content analysis techniques (Seuring & Gold, 2012), latent sementic analysis (LSA) is used as a content analysis tool (Wei, Yang, & Lin, 2008; Kundu et al., 2015). The reason for adoption of LSA over existing bibliometric techniques is to use the combination of text analysis and mining method to formulate latent factors. LSA creates the scientific grounding to understand the trends. Using LSA, Understanding future research trends will assist researchers in the area of service supply chain forecasting. The study will be beneficial for practitioners of the strategic and operational aspects of service supply chain decision making. The chapter incorporates four sections. The first section describes the introduction to service supply chain management and research development in this domain. The second section describes usage of LSA for current study. The third section describes the finding and results. The fourth and final sections conclude the chapter with a brief discussion on research findings, its limitations, and the implications for future research. The outcomes of analysis presented in this chapter also provide opportunities for researchers/professionals to position their future service supply chain research and/or implementation strategies.

This chapter proposes a protocol based on blockchain technology applied to corporate social responsibility (CSR). The first part discusses the characteristics associated with CSR actions and the main difficulties its development faces, such as transparency, security, fault tolerance, among others. Subsequently, the authors describe the characteristics and concepts related to blockchain-based developments to later describe our framework for the control and development of CSR actions based on blockchain. Herein, the authors also describe how to publicly and privately identify the participating elements of CSR and the operations and resources necessary for the implementation and operation of the proposed protocol.

Since the emergence of the Internet in the twentieth century and the rapid growth of different types of information technologies (IT), our lives, either personal or professional, have become digitised. Adoption and diffusion of IT enhance individuals and organisational performance, yet scholars discovered a dual nature of IT in which IT usage may have negative aspects too. First, the inability to cope with IT in a healthy manner creates stress in users, termed technostress. Second, digitisation and adoption of new technologies (e.g. IoT and multi-cloud environments) have increased vulnerabilities to information security (InfoSec) threats. Although organisations utilise counteraction strategies (e.g., security systems, security policies), end-users remain the top source of security incidents. Existing behavioural research has approached technostress and InfoSec independently. However, it is not clear how technology-stressors influence employees’ security-related behaviours. This chapter reviews the interaction effect of these concepts in detail by proposing a conceptual model that explains that technostress is the main reason for employees’ non-compliance with security policies in which users with high-level perceptions of technostress are more likely to violate InfoSec policies. Counteraction strategies to mitigate technostress and security threats are also discussed.

The aim of this chapter is to explore to what extent artificial intelligence (AI) could be introduced in new product development (NPD) process to support the decision making from the development to the launch of a new idea. Building on qualitative data from multiple cases from alcohol sector, the study reveals that AI could be introduced to reduce the risk of unsuccessful development and launch of a new product, supporting all the phases by systematically integrating feedbacks from the market. Specifically, AI can be used to create new recipes/flavours for alcohol drinks. Results also show that integrating AI from the idea scoping to the final product launch is feasible with the support of external stakeholders. The chapter concludes with some recommendations for theory and practice.

This chapter aims to explore how social innovation can be achieved through providing employees with information to enhance participation in decision-making.

The chapter takes a largely theoretical and discursive approach. Building on key theories on the links between information and decision-making, it explores the logic behind the potential for empowerment through providing information. Empirical examples are used to demonstrate some elements of the theoretical propositions.

The chapter demonstrates that there is a strong theoretical potential for enhancing employee participation through the provision of more and better information. It also suggests that organisations would benefit economically from this, because of a broader knowledge-base underlying business decisions. However, in many organisations the potential is either not recognised, or, for organisational design and cultural reasons, it is considered undesirable to increase employee participation.

Organisations and employees need to increase their efforts in understanding how they can use IT to provide decision-makers, and in particular employees, with better information.

There is huge potential for social innovation through IS and IT that is currently under-exploited. Because people are exposed to IT in their daily lives so much, they are more likely to want to push for better use of IT and access to information in their organisations.

This chapter provides an unusual angle on social innovation. Drawing on some key theoretical frameworks from the IS domain, it demonstrates a strong link between enhancing information provision and increasing employee participation.