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The purpose of this study was the preparation of a poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)-g-polyetheramine (SMA-g-PEA) hyperdispersant that reduces the viscosity of the system and improves the colouring intensities of pigments.

PEA of specific quality was dissolved in propylene glycol methyl ether. SMA was then added according to the required mass ratio. The solution was refluxed for 10 h under a stream of protective N2. The prepared hyperdispersant was then characterised by Fourier-transform infrared, UV–visible and ¹H NMR spectroscopies, gel-permeation chromatography and thermogravimetry.

PEA was successfully grafted onto the SMA polymer and the synthesised product was found to be thermally stable. The copolymer with a 6:1 mass ratio is the best dispersant and was used to disperse carbon black, phthalocyanine blue and permanent violet in water-based systems, which helps to improve the application performance of each pigment by reducing the viscosity of the system and improving the colouring intensity of the pigment. The water dispersion is stable and does not exhibit an increase in viscosity after seven days of oven aging at 50°C.

SMA-g-PEA water-based hyperdispersants were successfully synthesised. The prepared hyperdispersants help to improve the application performance of each studied pigment by reducing the viscosity of the system and improving the colouring intensity of the pigment.

A previous paper had shown that milling organic pigments at elevated temperatures often improves colour development through better wetting. The present investigation shows that heat can, nevertheless, have an overall adverse effect on colour strength and hue of pigments which partially dissolve (and subsequently recrystallise) in a vehicle system under the combined action of heat and impact. Likewise, metastable polymorphic pigments should be dispersed at the lowest possible temperature to minimise hue shifts and/or loss of colour strength.

This paper covers some of the work undertaken in our Product Applications Laboratories over a period of several years in connection with universal tinter acceptance into alkyd gloss paints. Our work has covered a very wide range in the past ten years and we have developed some guiding principles to improve tinter acceptance. Purists could argue that the term ‘universal tinter’ is a misnomer and I would accept that argument. However, the term has a general acceptance, within the paint industry, to mean a range of strength controlled coloured tinters intended for decorative/architectural paints such as gloss, semi‐gloss, flat systems based on both alkyd and emulsion polymer resins. The tinting of strength controlled base paints with these universal tinters is done at point of sale, to produce commercially acceptable colour matches to a large number of colours offered, say 1,000 or more.

There are very few individuals who have studied the question of weights and measures who do not most strongly favour the decimal system. The disadvantages of the weights and measures at present in use in the United Kingdom are indeed manifold. At the very commencement of life the schoolboy is expected to commit to memory the conglomerate mass of facts and figures which he usually refers to as “Tables,” and in this way the greater part of twelve months is absorbed. And when he has so learned them, what is the result? Immediately he leaves school he forgets the whole of them, unless he happens to enter a business‐house in which some of them are still in use; and it ought to be plain that the case would be very different were all our weights and measures divided or multiplied decimally. Instead of wasting twelve months, the pupil would almost be taught to understand the decimal system in two or three lessons, and so simple is the explanation that he would never be likely to forget it. There is perhaps no more interesting, ingenious and useful example of the decimal system than that in use in France. There the standard of length is the metre, the standard of capacity the cubic decimetre or the litre, while one cubic centimetre of distilled water weighs exactly one gramme, the standard of weight. Thus the measures of length, capacity and weight are most closely and usefully related. In the present English system there is absolutely no relationship between these weights and measures. Frequently a weight or measure bearing the same name has a different value for different bodies. Take, for instance, the stone; for dead meat its value is 8 pounds, for live meat 14 pounds; and other instances will occur to anyone who happens to remember his “Tables.” How much simpler for the business man to reckon in multiples of ten for everything than in the present confusing jumble. Mental arithmetic in matters of buying and selling would become much easier, undoubtedly more accurate, and the possibility of petty fraud be far more remote, because even the most dense could rapidly calculate by using the decimal system.

The Colanyl range of pigment preparations has been an accepted criterion in the paint and wallpaper industries for many years. Based upon a well‐chosen range of organic and inorganic pigments, the Colanyl range provides a convenient source of colouration for most aqueous coating systems.

For more than forty years I have looked at books. I have regarded them as tools of our trade and as the “sweet sound that breathes o'er a bed of violets”. I have shelved them, carried them and pushed them about on trucks that move crabwise across a polished floor. For more than thirty years now I have moved them out of winter quarters into permanent habitations and often have I looked upon them with undying hatred. It doesn't last. It is like a tiff with one well loved, it is forgotten in five minutes, and we are back to where we started.

The purpose of this research paper is to study a comparison between two dosimetry systems, both of them based on basic violet dye (BV).

The first system depends on (BV) (incorporating polyvinyl alcohol) as a thin-film dosimeter. The second system also relies on (BV) as a solution dosimeter, which is more sensitive to gamma rays. The two prepared film/solutions have a considerable signal that decreases upon irradiation and the strength of the signal decreases with increasing radiation dose.

The gamma ray absorbed dose for these dosimeters was found to be up to 35 kGy for films and 1 kGy for the liquid phase. All dosimetric characteristics as radiation chemical yield, additive substance, dose-response function, radiation sensitivity, also before and after-irradiation stability under various conditions were considered.

It is expected the vital role of gamma radiation on this dye in its two forms or two media. This reveals their wide applications in the field of gamma irradiation processing.

These two dosimetry systems which depend upon the same dye are safe to handle, inexpensive, available raw materials and can be applied in various dosimetry applications as mentioned above.

The illness of no Sovereign, with the exception of that of Her late Majesty QUEEN VICTORIA, has ever aroused feelings of sympathy and anxiety so widespread and sincere as those which have been called forth by the onset and development of the dangerous ailment from which His Majesty the KING has now happily recovered.

The Quick‐Click system self retaining pin automatically locks in place when it is installed and cannot be removed without a special tool. Designed as replacements for clevis pins with cotter pins or clip rings, a circular C shaped spring is located in a tapered neck at the point end. A finger pressure of 4 or 5 pounds is all that is needed to install the pin and as it enters the hole, the pressure pushes the spring back to the smallest diameter of the tapered‐neck portion of the pin, where it easily compresses to allow the pin to be pushed completely through the hole. As the end of the pin exits from the far end of the hole, the spring expands to larger than hole size. Attempts to push out the pin without the removal tool cause the spring to ride up on the larger end of the tapered neck, where it cannot be compressed. Since it won't compress, it holds the pin firmly in place. Removal force without the special tool is more than 8200lb for the 9/16in. pin and 220lb for the small #10 pin, and is thus virtually tamper‐proof.