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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2015

Soojin Kim and Qiushi Wang

This article aims to examine empirically the relationship between budget periodicity and expenditure volatility in state governments. Using a large panel dataset for fifty states…

Abstract

This article aims to examine empirically the relationship between budget periodicity and expenditure volatility in state governments. Using a large panel dataset for fifty states over the years 1960-2012, after controlling for institutional, economic, and political factors, we find general expenditure of biennial states has been significantly less volatile than that of annual states. The finding suggests that a choice between annual and biennial budget period can emerge as a feasible and effective countercyclical strategy to overcome fiscal difficulties in the short run and promote fiscal stability in the long run.

Details

Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1096-3367

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 15 December 2020

Qiming Chen, Xinyi Fei, Lie Xie, Dongliu Li and Qibing Wang

1. To improve the causality analysis performance, a novel causality detector based on time-delayed convergent cross mapping (TD-CCM) is proposed in this work. 2. Identify the root…

Abstract

Purpose

1. To improve the causality analysis performance, a novel causality detector based on time-delayed convergent cross mapping (TD-CCM) is proposed in this work. 2. Identify the root cause of plant-wide oscillations in process control system.

Design/methodology/approach

A novel causality analysis framework is proposed based on denoising and periodicity-removing TD-CCM (time-delayed convergent cross mapping). We first point out that noise and periodicity have adverse effects on causality detection. Then, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and detrended fluctuation analysis (FDA) are combined to achieve denoising. The periodicities are effectively removed through singular spectrum analysis (SSA). Following, the TD-CCM can accurately capture the causalities and locate the root cause by analyzing the filtered signals.

Findings

1. A novel causality detector based on denoising and periodicity-removing time-delayed convergent cross mapping (TD-CCM) is proposed. 2. Simulation studies show that the proposed method is able to improve the causality analysis performance. 3. Industrial case study shows the proposed method can be used to analyze the root cause of plant-wide oscillations in process control system.

Originality/value

1. A novel causality detector based on denoising and periodicity-removing time-delayed convergent cross mapping (TD-CCM) is proposed. 2. The influences of noise and periodicity on causality analysis are investigated. 3. Simulations and industrial case shows that the proposed method can improve the causality analysis performance and can be used to identify the root cause of plant-wide oscillations in process control system.

Details

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing and Special Equipment, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2633-6596

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2001

P. Dular, C. Geuzaine, M.V. Ferreira da Luz, N. Sadowski and J.P.A. Bastos

Connection boundary conditions are studied with the finite element method using different types of mixed finite elements, i.e. nodal, edge and facet elements of different shapes…

Abstract

Connection boundary conditions are studied with the finite element method using different types of mixed finite elements, i.e. nodal, edge and facet elements of different shapes and degrees, used in both b‐ and h‐conform formulations. The developed associated tools are first applied to periodicity boundary conditions before being applied to the treatment of the moving band in 2D and 3D. This step by step approach enables their validation before pointing out the effect of the considered elements on the accuracy of the moving band method. A special attention is given to the consistency of these boundary conditions with gauge conditions and source magnetic fields.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 May 2017

Juan Liu, Xue Li and Ya Guo

This paper aims to analyze and model consumer behavior on hotel online search interest in the USA.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to analyze and model consumer behavior on hotel online search interest in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach

Discrete Fourier transform was used to analyze the periodicity of hotel search behavior in the USA by using Google Trends data. Based on the obtained frequency components, a model structure was proposed to describe the search interest. A separable nonlinear least squares algorithm was developed to fit the data.

Findings

It was found that the major dynamics of the search interest was composed of nine frequency components. The developed separable nonlinear least squares algorithm significantly reduced the number of model parameters that needed to be estimated. The fitting results indicated that the model structure could fit the data well (average error 0.575 per cent).

Practical implications

Knowledge of consumer behavior on online search is critical to marketing decision because search engine has become an important tool for customers to find hotels. This work is thus very useful to marketing strategy.

Originality/value

This research is the first work on analyzing and modeling consumer behavior on hotel online search interest.

Details

International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 29 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0959-6119

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 February 2011

Michel Baroni, Fabrice Barthélémy and Mahdi Mokrane

This paper aims to test the robustness of the trend and volatility estimations for two indices: the classical Weighted Repeat Sales and a PCA factorial index. The estimations are…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to test the robustness of the trend and volatility estimations for two indices: the classical Weighted Repeat Sales and a PCA factorial index. The estimations are computed from a dataset of Paris commercial properties.

Design/methodology/approach

First, two methodologies are presented, and then the dataset. Finally, the impact of the number of transactions per period are tested on the trend and volatility estimates for each index, and an interpretation of the results are given.

Findings

The trend and volatility estimates are biased for the WRS index and not for the PCA factorial index when the periodicity increases. Consequently, the level of the index at the end of the computing period is significantly different for various periodicities in the case of the WRS index. Globally, the PCA factorial seems to be more robust to the number of transactions.

Originality/value

As suggested by D. Geltner, commercial properties indices have to be built using repeat sales instead of hedonic indices. The repeat sales method is a means of constructing real estate price indices based on a repeated observation of property transactions. These indices may be used as benchmarks for real estate portfolio managers. But the investors, in general, are also interested in introducing real estate performance in their portfolio to enhance the efficient frontier. Thus, expected return and volatility are the two key parameters. To create and to improve contracts on real estate indices, trend and volatility of these indices must be robust regarding to the periodicity of the index and the volume of transactions.

Details

Journal of Property Investment & Finance, vol. 29 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-578X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 October 2018

Purushothaman Pichandi and Satheesh Anbalagan

The purpose of this paper is to propose an effective numerical approach for solving the natural convection in a two-dimensional square enclosure by using the single relaxation…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose an effective numerical approach for solving the natural convection in a two-dimensional square enclosure by using the single relaxation time-Bhatnagar, Gross and Krook (SRT-BGK) model (D2Q9) and lattice Boltzmann method (LBM).

Design/methodology/approach

Navier–Stroke equation is replaced by lattice Boltzmann method, and the numerical approach was simulated using LBM. LBM is a linear equation so, it reduces the computational time. The governing equations are solved using the SRT-BGK model. To achieve better numerical stability and accuracy, the momentum and energy equations are solved using two-dimensional nine-directional (D2Q9) lattice arrangement.

Findings

The results are presented at different convection mechanism with constant Prandtl number = 0.71, and the result is validated with reported literature. Numerical investigation is performed and accurate results are obtained; the range of Pr = 0.71, various Rayleigh number, phase change, periodicity parameter and amplitude ratio with three different blockage ratios. The present study is performed using LBM.

Research limitations/implications

To extend this work, the influence of natural convection, various selections of Prandtl number and Rayleigh number, periodicity and the effect of aspect ratio with mounted number of blockages could be included.

Practical implications

This research article will be useful for the study of fluid flow and heat transfer in hot and cold fluid interaction over the solid object. Like gear hardening with various sizes of gear blocks, material processing with hot and cold fluid interactions inside the furnace wall, solar panels high and low density fluid variation, indoor hot and cold fluid thermal environments, inside nuclear reactors heat and heavy water fluid interaction, cooling of electronic equipments and various chemical engineering applications.

Social implications

This paper will be useful for studying fluid flow and heat transfer within a square enclosure, and it gives practical information in engineering and heat transfer applications.

Originality/value

The present work is the first to investigate using LBM for selected parameters to apply a natural convection with imposed sinusoidal wave for different convection mechanisms.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 28 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 November 2006

Ru Fang, Shijie Zhang and Xibin Cao

Hill equations have definite limitation in the design of multiple spacecraft formation flying in eccentric orbits. To solve the problem, the design method of spacecraft formation…

Abstract

Purpose

Hill equations have definite limitation in the design of multiple spacecraft formation flying in eccentric orbits. To solve the problem, the design method of spacecraft formation flying in a circular reference orbit based on Hill equation can be generalized and applied to spacecraft formation flying in eccentric orbits.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, T‐H equation is expressed as the explicit function form of reference orbit true anomaly, and the state transition matrix of relative motion of spacecraft formation flying in eccentric orbits is derived. According to the requirement that relative dynamics equation of spacecraft formation flying in eccentric orbits has periodicity solution, the paper theoretically gives the initial condition needed by the long‐term close‐distance spacecraft formation flying including the relationship between relative position and relative velocity. Without perturbation the spacecraft formation, which satisfies the initial periodicity restriction, can keep long‐term close‐distance flying without the need of active control.

Findings

Based on the theoretical analysis, some numerical simulations are carried out. The results demonstrate that each spacecraft in eccentric orbits can run in a periodic motion surrounding the center spacecraft under some conditions. And spacecraft formation reconfiguration is implementing according to missions.

Originality/value

Combined with the periodicity restriction primary condition a new method about spacecraft formation reconfiguration is put forward. The method given by this paper can be applied to eccentric orbits of arbitrary eccentricity, and provides theoretical reference for orbit design of spacecraft formation flying in eccentric orbits.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 78 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1996

M. Lefik and B. Schrefler

Using finite element (FE) method corrects the microstress field resulting from the theory of homogenization in the region of composite in vicinity of the boundary. Obtains the…

Abstract

Using finite element (FE) method corrects the microstress field resulting from the theory of homogenization in the region of composite in vicinity of the boundary. Obtains the corrected microstress field via an unsmearing procedure based on the known global solution and local peturbation. Analyses two examples: near a free boundary and next to a constrained border. FE models are constructed using both commercial FE code and the authors’ program for homogenization with some interfacing procedures. Shows qualitative results of computations and estimates influence on the microstress description of the local perturbation near the boundary.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 13 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 April 2020

Jun Hu, Wenbin Long, Xianzhong Song and Taijie Tang

Due to environmental externalities, micro-enterprises with profit-seeking features do not develop sufficient motivation for environmental governance. In a fiscally decentralized…

Abstract

Purpose

Due to environmental externalities, micro-enterprises with profit-seeking features do not develop sufficient motivation for environmental governance. In a fiscally decentralized system, local environmental protection authorities perform environmental supervision, and the intensity of the regulations that they implement has an important influence on corporate environmental governance. Based on the promotion tournament framework, this paper aims to discuss the driving mechanism of corporate environmental governance using turnover of environmental protection department directors (EPDDs) as an indicator.

Design/methodology/approach

Using samples of A-share companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges from 2007 to 2014, this paper examines the impact of EPDD turnover on corporate environmental governance and its underlying mechanism.

Findings

The results show that corporate environmental governance exhibits a political periodicity that changes with the turnover of the EPDD, and the periodicity remains after controlling for the influence of changes in provincial party secretary and governor. Internal mechanisms analysis indicates that, without financial independence, local environmental protection departments rely on increasing sewage charges, not environmental protection subsidies, to promote corporate environmental governance. Further, considering heterogeneity among officials, it finds that the younger a new EPDD is, the more pronounced the periodicity of corporate environmental governance. However, there is no significant difference between in-system and out-system turnover.

Originality/value

In general, this paper describes the mechanisms of corporate environmental governance from the perspective of political economics, and the results have implications for the potential improvement of the government’s environmental supervision functions and the development of ecological civilization in China.

Article
Publication date: 4 March 2019

Kim U. Hoffman and Catherine C. Reese

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of changes to the Arkansas budget process brought about when the people of Arkansas voted to move from a biennial to an annual…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of changes to the Arkansas budget process brought about when the people of Arkansas voted to move from a biennial to an annual budget period in 2008. The paper describes the legislative changes necessary for annual budget review and explores the impact of annual budget review on revenue forecasting, supplemental appropriations, special sessions, legislative staff workload, executive branch oversight and state spending. This research assesses legislative perceptions of annual budget review across several factors including knowledge of the state budget, ability to check the powers of the governor and overall efficacy of annual budget review.

Design/methodology/approach

This exploratory research uses interview data from the Legislative Fiscal Director and data from an online survey of Arkansas state legislators. The interview and survey data were supplemented by an analysis of documents produced by legislative staff regarding supplemental appropriations, special sessions and state general revenue.

Findings

The Legislative Fiscal Director interview indicates that the change in budget period had little impact on revenue forecasting, special sessions and state government spending, with the exception that supplemental appropriations for Big 6 agencies increased in a statistically significant way following the advent of the fiscal session. The legislative survey finds that the change in budget period is viewed positively by Arkansas legislators. Most legislators indicated that they prefer annual budget review to biennial budget review.

Research limitations/implications

Because of the exploratory approach, the research results may lack generalizability.

Originality/value

This paper surveys legislators on the efficacy of annual budget review which has seldom been done in previous research.

Details

Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, vol. 31 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1096-3367

Keywords

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