Search results

This research aims to examine the challenges of recruiting participatory action research (PAR) in managing innovation projects. An enhanced methodology based on PAR was developed to mitigate the challenges related to recruiting PAR in managing innovation projects. The proposed methodology was evaluated by comparing it to established methodologies/frameworks such as Scrum, Design Thinking (DT) and The Lean Startup (TLS). The evaluation aimed to determine the advantages and limitations of the proposed methodology in managing innovation projects.

The proposed enhanced methodology consists of eight steps, ranging from developing an understanding of the industry and business structure to learning and knowledge management. In addition, the enhanced methodology uses other techniques, such as Force field analysis and 12 boundary questions.

The research findings indicate that using the proposed methodology can improve the formalization of collaboration in PAR, enabling the organization to respond better to market changes. It helps define the project scope more clearly, encouraging innovation, addressing communication barriers and considering different worldviews and practical issues. Based on the findings, the proposed enhanced methodology could complement other methodologies/frameworks such as Scrum, DT and TLS.

The current research adds to the existing literature by identifying the challenges of recruiting PAR in managing innovation projects. A deductive reasoning process was utilized because there is no comprehensive research concerning the challenges of recruiting PAR in managing innovation projects. On the other hand, the PAR 4-phase cycle has been reviewed and enhanced to manage innovation projects.

The proposed methodology was used in a new product development project. The case study was done on one of the payment service provider companies that design, develop and deploy a digital product for marketing, installation, repair and maintenance of electronic funds transfer at point of sale devices.

No research has yet sought to identify the challenges of using PAR in innovation project management (IPM). Identifying the challenges associated with applying PAR in the IPM and providing an enhanced methodology to mitigate the challenges could fill a gap in IPM studies.

The increased use of checks in nonlocal payments at the end of the nineteenth century presented problems for their clearing and collection. Checks were required to be paid in full (at par) only when presented directly to the drawn-upon bank at its counter. Consequently, many, primarily rural or small-town, banks began to charge remittance fees on checks not presented for collection in person. Such fees and the alleged circuitous routing of checks in the process of collection to avoid them were widely criticized defects of the pre-Federal Reserve payments system. As the new Federal Reserve established its own system for check clearing and collection, it also took as an implicit mandate the promotion of universal par clearing and collection. The result was a bitter struggle with non-par banks, the numbers of which initially shrunk dramatically but then rebounded. A 1923 Supreme Court decision ended the Fed’s active (or coercive) pursuit of universal par clearing, and non-par banking persisted thereafter for decades. Not until the Monetary Control Act of 1980 was universal par clearing and true monetary union, in which standard means of payment are accepted at par everywhere, achieved.

How can people with lived experiences of marginalisation actively participate in contesting their marginalisation? This article aims to review the literature on PAR as a research approach. It will first describe what PAR means and consider this approach's particular features. The paper will go on to explore the advantages, limitations and criticisms of this approach to research.

How can people with lived experiences of marginalisation actively participate in contesting their marginalisation? The approach of this paper is to provide needed viewpoint discussion on Participatory Action Research (PAR) advantages, limitations and criticisms. PAR is mostly a qualitative research approach that takes account of researchers and participants collaborating to investigate social issues and take actions to bring about social change.

The aim of (PAR) is to systematically collect and analyse data to take action and make a change by generating practical knowledge. However, PAR as an approach to research has advantages and disadvantages. Also, PAR as an approach can be a problematic tool for facilitators and communities to apply due to power relations within the research process. However, PAR can help the praxis of collective critical consciousness of the participation and democratisation of participants presented in studies where this approach is used. Although a PAR approach can be an unknown and challenging tool, it is a path through which communities can explore their society and ignite to change it.

This paper provides a discussion of the critical consciousness value of PAR that seeks to bring academics, researchers and practitioners to the approach to primarily qualitative research methodology that should be understood with advantages, limitations (ethical challenges) and criticisms.

This paper aims to share a practical evaluation tool intended to guide and support the participation of older people in PAR projects. Participatory action research (PAR) studies with older adults have been increasing over the past ten years. Scientific evidence provides key principles for PAR projects to achieve meaningful participation by older people; however, respecting the ideals of PAR is not always straightforward.

This paper presents a case study that evaluated the involvement of nonacademic researchers in a PAR project using an evaluation tool derived from a literature review of PAR undertaken with this population (Corrado et al., 2020). The study goals were first to assess the assets and limits of the older co-researchers’ participation within the PAR project, and second to provide a revised version of the evaluation tool to support future PAR with older people. First, the authors designed an evaluation tool for nonacademic participation in PAR studies by older people that covers three main themes: older people positioned as prominent research partners; symmetrical power relations between academic and nonacademic researchers; and commitment regarding inclusiveness and long-term collaboration. Second, the authors performed an evaluation using this tool within the Active Aging with Dignity PAR Project.

Third, the authors used the results of this experiment to suggest improvements for an enhanced version of the evaluation tool aiming at supporting fuller involvement of older nonacademic researchers in PAR studies.

To the authors’ knowledge, this evaluative tool is a methodological innovation in gerontology.

Le 10 juin 1940, alors que les armées allemandes, qui étaient reparties à l'attaque sur un large front, quelques jours auparavant, approchaient rapidement de Paris, la Bibliothèque Nationale fermait ses portes au public. Les collections les plus précieuses des quatre grands départements (Manuscrits, Imprimés, Estampes et Médailles) ainsi que celles des bibliothèques Mazarine, de l'Arsenal, de Versailles, du Conservatoire ou de l'Opéra (toutes ces bibliothèques étant rattachées à la Bibliothèque Nationale) avaient été mises sous caisses dès la fin d'août 1939 et évacuées en province dans deux châteaux réquisitionnés à cet effet: le château d'Ussé en Touraine, d'abord, puis à partir du 22 mai 1940 celui de Castelnau, dans le midi de la France. Ces deux dépôts avaient été organisés par le conservateur honoraire du Cabinet des Estampes, Monsieur P.‐A. Lemoisne, secondé par des gardiens.

This study aims to examine how differences in the casino advantage (i.e. price) of otherwise identical slot machines affect their revenue production, when the price is hidden from the players. The study aims to identify the ability of players to recognize differences in the concealed prices of paired machines, over time. Both items are paramount to slot revenue optimization.

Using 274 daily observations, paired-samples t-tests examined whether live performance metrics were affected by the differences in the casino advantage (namely, par) of the paired games. Time-series regression analyses were conducted to understand whether players shifted their play away from the high-par games, over time.

The results indicated that increased casino advantages produced increased revenue, with no evidence of diminished play on the high-par games.

The results contradicted the inveterate wisdom of the industry by demonstrating that players are not hypersensitive to increased prices/pars, and that such increases can actually lead to increased revenue, despite egregious par gaps.

Added valuable results to a nascent research stream aimed at understanding the effects of obfuscated price/pars. Expanded the gaming literature by increasing the differences in the prices/pars of paired game titles over an increased sample period. Both conditions increased the chances of observing changes in revenue performance, and play migration to the low-par game. Both manipulations have been previously cited as meaningful extensions of the literature.

L'analyse coûts—bénéfices, conduite en terme d'appréciation et de planification des investissements, consiste à prendre en considération non seulement l'aspect financier d'un projet mais aussi sa dimension sociale ainsi que des impératifs politiques en touchant, entre autres, à l'étude d'éléments intangibles ainsi qu'aux effets secondaires ou indirects dudit projet. L'accent est mis sur l'affectation et l'utilisation efficiente, dans le sens le plus large du terme, des ressources productives de la société, ce qui d'une manière générale se ramène à un problème de maximisation sous contrainte de la valeur actuelle de tous les bénéfices (les flux futurs de bénéfice par période) moins celle detous les coûts. L'intervention croissante des pouvoirs publics dans l'activité économique, la position de l'Etat en tant qu'agent producteur principal de biens et de services, les projets d'envergure et de dimensions de plus en plus grandes ainsi que leurs répercussions de plus en plus prononcées sur l'espace économique et dans le temps, la mise à profit de la programmation linéaire et non linéaire, de la théorie des jeux, le recours à l'analyse des systèmes ainsi qu'à d'autres approches et instruments donnèrent une impulsion décisive au développement de l'analyse coûts‐bénéfices depuis près d'un demi‐siècle.

Presents over sixty abstracts summarising the 1999 Employment Research Unit annual conference held at the University of Cardiff. Explores the multiple impacts of globalization on work and employment in contemporary organizations. Covers the human resource management implications of organizational responses to globalization. Examines the theoretical, methodological, empirical and comparative issues pertaining to competitiveness and the management of human resources, the impact of organisational strategies and international production on the workplace, the organization of labour markets, human resource development, cultural change in organisations, trade union responses, and trans‐national corporations. Cites many case studies showing how globalization has brought a lot of opportunities together with much change both to the employee and the employer. Considers the threats to existing cultures, structures and systems.

Si le prospectus local ou, plus exactement, la propagande à l'échelon local, sur laquelle s'appuient propagande régionale et propagande nationale, continue comme par le passé à constituer aux yeux des chefs de file techniciens du tourisme le fondement indispensable d'une propagande touristique organisée, il n'en reste pas moins que l'époque qui succède à la Seconde Guerre Mondiale, stimulée par l'accélération des moyens de transport, nous fait prendre de plus en plus conscience de l'intérêt présenté par la constitution de communautés internationales sur le plan de la propagande touristique. De telles réalisations exigent bien entendu, de la part des participants, la volonté bien arrêtée de renoncer totalement aux pratiques égoïstes qui leur font préférer les avantages particuliers aux intérêts généraux ou tout au moins de les réduire à un minimum. Il se peut parfaitement dans tel ou tel cas que l'intérêt particulier se trouve quelque peu lésé en cours d'action, mais ceci ne doit jamais faire perdre de vue les réactions, seuls éléments déterminants, du groupe de consommateurs auquel on s'adresse. Sur le plan économique européen, les deux blocs — Marché commun et Association européenne de libre échange (AELE ou European Free Trade Association) — nous fournissent de judicieux exemples de résultats pratiques tant positifs que négatifs obtenus par des entreprises de cette sorte.

Les premiers textes déclaratifs des droits de l'homme en Occident n'ont pas comporté immédiatement la reconnaissance de droits sociaux. Ainsi, à la suite de la Déclaration des Droits—“Bill of Rights”—imposée à la Monarchie anglaise le 13 février 1689, la Déclaration modèle adoptée en Virginie le 12 juin 1776, sous l'autorité de George Mason, comme la Déclaration d'Indépendance américaine du 4 juillet 1776, et enfin la Déclaration francaise des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, proclamée par l'Assemblée nationale le 26 août 1789, étaient consacrées à l'affirmation des droits civils et politi‐ques face aux pouvoirs dont l'emprise devait être restreinte et contenue, plutôt que confirmée et étendue par l'attribution de nouvelles fonctions, même justifiées par l'intention d'améliorer le sort des plus malheureux. Résolus à ouvrir une bràche décisive dans le système de gouvernement absolutiste, les pionniers des droits de l'homme étaient tenus d'accorder la priorité aux droits conquis de libre disposition sur les droits acquis de protection, de sorte que l'autonomie des citoyens à l'égard de l'Etat était revendiquée avec toutes ses conséquences économiques et sociales. Même l'expression neuve du droit à la vie et à la poursuite du bonheur, qui apparaît dans les déclarations américaines du XVIIIe siècle, s'entendait d'une aspiration irrépressible à la liberté et non point comme l'avers d'obligations sociales imposées à la collectivité, du moins jusqu'à ce que le Préambule de la Constitution des Etats‐Unis d'Amérique du 17 septembre 1787 inscrivît la promotion du bienêtre général—“to promote the general welfare”—au nombre de ses objectifs.