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Due to rapid technological evolution driven by display manufacturers, the television (TV) market of flat panel displays has been fast growing with the advancement of digital technologies in broadcasting service. Recently, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) successfully penetrated into the large-size TV market, catching up with light-emitting diode (LED)-liquid-crystal display (LCD). This paper aims to investigate the market penetration of OLED technologies by determining their technology adoption rates based on a diffusion model.

Through the rapid evolution of information and communication technology, as well as a flood of data from diverse sources such as research awards, journals, patents, business press, newspaper and Internet social media, data mining, text mining, tech mining and database tomography have become practical techniques for assisting the forecaster to identify early signs of technological change. The information extracted from a variety of sources can be used in a technology diffusion model, such as Fisher-Pry where emerging technologies supplant older ones. This paper uses a comparison-based prediction method to forecast the adoption and diffusion of next-generation OLED technologies by mining journal and patent databases.

In recent years, there has been a drastic reduction of patents related to LCD technologies, which suggests that next-generation OLED technology is penetrating the TV market. A strong industry adoption for OLED has been found. A high level of maturity is expected by 2026.

For OLED technologies that are closely tied to industrial applications such as electronic display devices, it may be better to use more industry-oriented data mining, such as patents, market data, trade shows, number of companies or startups, etc. The Fisher-Pry model does not address the level of sales for each technology. Therefore, the comparison between the Bass model and the Fisher-Pry model would be useful to investigate the market trends of OLED TVs further. Another step for forecasting could include using industry experts and a Delphi model for forecasting (and further validation).

Fisher-Pry growth curves for journal publications and patents follow the expected sequence. Specially, journal publications and patents growth curves are close for OLED technologies, indicating a strong industry adoption.

The purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of thermal aging on the stability of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) glass samples made in ambient condition.

The samples with yellow emitting layer (named as ADS5) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) hole transport layer were examined. Some of the devices were ultraviolet-curable epoxy encapsulation directly after performance. All samples were thermally annealed at 70°C for 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours. The characteristics current–voltage for fresh and aging samples in the range of voltage from 0-15 V were made. The temperature of OLEDs samples in real-time with a thermographic camera was measured too. Additionally, scanning electron microscope image of surface Al cathode immediately after OLED performance and after annealing tests was made.

The authors stated, that irrespective of the type, the samples were undergoing the degradation. The decrease in value of the current density was registered. That were about 44 per cent and about 24 per cent after thermally annealing the samples with and without encapsulation, respectively (at tension 13 V). Additionally, there were observed massive delamination of the metal cathode.

Influence of thermal annealing and encapsulation on the dynamic characteristics of the OLED devices fabricated in ambient condition was analyzed. There are not many papers in the literature describing examinations of OLED samples which were made in environmental conditions.

This study aims to propose a hybrid technology evaluation process integrating the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique and the analytic network process (ANP) with novel MCDM method for the organic light emitting diode (OLED) technology evaluation. The DEMATEL is used to detect and build the complex network relationship map (NRM) among dimensions/criteria. The ANP is employed to conduct the dependence and feedback among criteria and to decide the relative weights of the criteria by super‐matrix. The combination of DEMATEL technique and ANP with novel MCDM method is used to perform for constructing a technology evaluation structure.

This study proposes a hybrid approach integrating the DEMATEL and the ANP to construct a technology evaluation and decision‐making model for OLED. Taiwan is a research base in this study. This is for the purpose of offering an example as to how a technology firm or even a country can evaluate or position certain emerging technology in the process of resource investment decision‐making.

This study suggests a hybrid technology evaluation approach integrating the DEMATEL technique and the ANP approach. When policy makers and R&D planners design R&D programs in emerging technology fields, the authors' proposed model can help to assess whether it is worth investing in the expected technology or not, for all concerned. Besides, using Taiwan's OLED as an example, this study has generated a conclusion comprising several strategic suggestions and managerial implications.

The whole approach developed by this study can serve as a reference to construct an evaluation framework to evaluate other technology fields in order to propose some guidance for R&D planning or strategy making in the industry applied the aimed technology. The weights distributed to the prospects and the problems can also serve as a reference of whether the R&D investment in the new technology is worthwhile for all concerned. Future research can adopt the approach proposed in this study to evaluate the worth of R&D investment in other targeted technologies.

This case asks the student to take a stance on whether an portfolio manager should take a long or short position in the equity of Universal Display Corporation (PANL). The stock is polarizing, in that reasonable arguments could be made for both long and short positions. The case suggests a number of steps that an analyst might follow when valuing a company

Discounted cash flow valuation, comparables valuation, short selling. After students have analyzed the case they will be able to value the equity of a publicly traded company and take a position on whether a portfolio manager should buy or sell the stock.

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of on device performance by selectively annealing ITO substrates and TPD:PVK layers of the OLED at different temperatures with a certain annealing time.

Thermal annealing was carried out on the ITO anode at different temperatures (150, 350, 500°C) with a constant time (100 min); but also before the deposition of the tris(8‐hydroxyquinolato) aluminum (Alq₃) layer, at the same time, thermal treatment was carried out on the hole transporting layers (TPD:PVK layers) at different temperatures (70, 90, 110°C), and the annealing time was 30 min. We fabricated a novel device with the structure of Al/LiF/Alq₃/TPD:PVK/NiO/ITO/Glass, and tested the sheet resistance, SEM and XRD of ITO anode after annealing, at the same we also tested the I‐V, L‐V and current efficiency characteristics of OLED.

When the TPD:PVK layers were annealed at 90°C with 30 min annealing time and ITO substrates were annealed at 350°C with a constant annealing time (100 min), we find that the OLED shows obvious performance improvement, which is attributable to the fact that annealing reduces defects and improves the interface structures of organics and organic/ITO interface. On the other hand, an annealing TPD:PVK layers would slow and even impede the transport of holes, and finally leads to more balanced electron and hole injection processes.

The paper shows that the annealing method can be used to prepare high‐performance organic light‐emitting device.

The paper aims to explore two developing display technologies, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and e‐paper, with a view to assessing their potential to disrupt existing markets and thereby offer an opportunity for European firms to play a larger role in the Information and communication technologies (ICTs) sector.

The paper is based on an extensive study including literature review and detailed desk research on the technologies themselves, their potential application and market analysis. Selected interviews with industry representatives were also carried out, which further informed a detailed value chain analysis and assessment of the EU position in these technologies.

OLEDs and e‐paper have the potential to disrupt current displays market and in so doing they may enable EU companies to enter at selected points in the value chain to compete with the Asian ICT industry.

Although there is a huge literature on the technical aspects of these technologies, speculative market analysis and journalistic assessments, this paper brings all of these facets together in a sophisticated value chain analysis that indicates opportunities for Europe's ICT sector.

Purpose This study aims to apply the impedance spectroscopy (IS) for analyzing the electrical behavior and extracting the equivalent circuit of single-layer flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) anode.

The preliminary ultraviolet (UV) treatment of the flexible substrate of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) influenced the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS anodes.

The IS showed that the OLED with UV-treated PET/PEDOT:PSS anodes had lower values of the contact resistance and higher value of the interface capacitance.

The obtained data were used for modeling of flexible OLEDs with polymeric anodes and calculation of important display parameters such as pixel refresh ratio, signal delays and energy losses due to contact resistances. These parameters were compared for PEDOT:PSS anodes deposited on PET treated and non-treated by UV.