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This guide “aims to assist those who need access to specialist organisations, societies, libraries, museums, etc within specific fields”. A companion volume to Peter Marcan's Directory of specialist book‐dealers in the UK, the guide is arranged by Dewey and many of the entries are annotated. There is a list of subject headings at the front of the guide arranged in Dewey order. I would have preferred this list to be in alphabetical order but it is short enough to scan fairly rapidly.

THE traditional division of information services into science and technology on the one hand and the humanities on the other, does nothing to improve the provision of information in a multi‐disciplinary subject such as planning. The proposal to make separate provision, within the national framework, for the social sciences, which was put forward by J. E. Pemberton in the November issue of this journal, would only serve to further fragment the sources of information in planning.

I first met punched feature cards in 1956. I was working as an assistant to E. G. Brisch, whose company classified the materials and components used in industry. His method brought similar articles together, both notionally in classified codebooks and practically when the classified items were stored in their code number order. The result was an excellent aid to variety reduction, standardization, and stock control. E. G. gave me a good grounding in analytical classification; but his office held other secrets too. One of these was a sort of punched card representing a property or quality, not an object or event as with all other punched cards I had met. On these other cards, notched or slotted for hand‐sorting with needles, or punched and verified in thousands for reading by machine, the holes stood for characteristics possessed by the item concerned. The new cards were different. Since they represented properties, the items possessing these had to be shown by the holes, and so they were. E. G. named them ‘Brisch‐a‐boo’: this I found was his special variant of ‘peek‐a‐boo’, a title by which they are still occasionally known. To stack some of them in exact register with each other is to find, as a set of through holes in numbered positions, the reference numbers of all the items recorded on them which have the qualities concerned.

The purpose of the paper is to examine the law relating to different types of guarantee schemes and the circumstances in which they are used to safeguard against default risks in international commercial practice. Different types of guarantee schemes are used in different contexts, often depending on which types and the purpose they have been sought.

The paper was undertaken by evaluating secondary data sources, empirical examples and case law to underscore the pitfalls commercial parties need to always bear in mind with regard to guarantees and factoring and their usage in international commercial practice.

The paper articulates the law relating to different types of guarantees and how they are harnessed to provide security against default risks in international commercial practice. By the very nature of guarantees, they tend to be in high demand in times of economic uncertainties when banks and other financial institutions find it less prudent to lend to borrowers without ensuring some form of security against potential defaults.

There are many different types of guarantee schemes clients can always opt for, but some of them are never written about as much. There is therefore limited data available to inform policy decisions by those who seek to use them. Lack of adequate information on any financial produces, leave alone guarantees, is not good for businesses and the public in terms of how to safeguard against risks inherent in usage and practice of guarantees. In this similar respect, there were not enough data available to evaluate the varied context in which guarantees are used.

There are limited data available on guarantees, and because they are speciality products, the way they are used in practice can never be overlooked. It was necessary to publish this paper not only to address the foregoing need but also to discuss different types of guarantees and enhance understanding on their usage and practice. The paper articulates the law relating to guarantees and what guarantors need to always bear in mind before they accept to sign contracts of guarantees.

Guarantees are important for markets to operate efficiently. Their usage and practice has wide implications for various stakeholders such as banks, businesses, economies, governments and people, especially where contracts relating to them are not constituted and executed properly. Defaults on borrowed loans can lead banks not to lend money to businesses and subsequently choke them of a source on which many depend.

This is the first paper that articulates the close relationship between guarantees, factoring and trusts. The paper has articulated the varied contexts in which each of the foregoing speciality products is harnessed in practice. Although this paper was written largely by reviewing and internalizing secondary data sources, it was done in a distinctive way to underscore the objectives it was written to achieve.

A FEW YEARS AGO that small but many‐paged volume of facts called Whitaker's Almanack, published annually by J. Whitaker & Sons, celebrated its centenary. In 1974 the firm celebrated the longevity of another of its publications, British Books in Print, first published in 1874 as the Reference Catalogue of Current Literature. While many people know of the Almanack, it is mostly publishers, booksellers, and librarians who are aware of the other publications this firm has produced in the field of book‐trade bibliography in the last 116 years, publications of sufficient scope and quality to delay until quite recently the provision of a British national bibliography.

The floor area of the Ferranti Environmental Test Laboratories at Silverknowes, Edinburgh has been increased — from 9,000sq ft to 27,000sq ft — and the test facilities greatly expanded and improved.

One of the common law duties owed by the employer is his duty to take reasonable care for the safety of his employee. This common law duty is an implied term in the contract of employment and is therefore contractual in nature. Because of the difficulties which may arise in bringing an action in contract for breach of the employer's duty of care, the employee who has sustained injuries during the course of his employment (although he may sue either in contract of tort will normally bring a tort action.

News has reached us of the death on 19th August of Hans Peter Luhn, President of the American Documentation Institute since October 1963. Born in Barmen, Germany, in 1896, Mr Luhn went to the United States in 1924. He joined IBM in 1941 and worked there until 1961, when he retired and became a consultant to industry. Although Mr Luhn was known by relatively few people in Britain, his contributions in the field of mechanization are widely known. During his time at IBM Mr Luhn was at the source of a steady stream of innovations in the field of information retrieval. Among the projects he initiated, or developed, are: Keyword‐In‐Context Indexes, automatic abstracting, statistical methods of automatic indexing and selective dissemination of information. He was a prolific writer and some of his publications are already classics. Mr Luhn will be remembered as one of the great pioneers in library automation.

DOWTY ROTOL has recent experience in the design, manufacture and testing of two different electronically controlled wing trailing edge flap high lift actuation systems — one for the British Aerospace B.Ae.146 aircraft and the other for the Construcciones Aeronatuicas/Nurtania CN.235 aircraft. This paper discusses the application of electronics to control and monitor these systems. The resulting equipment is described and the two systems are compared for complexity, type of electronic architecture and reliability.