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The current challenges experienced by all nations promote the trade-off between the increase in economic performance and the protected environment. The investigation based on the energy economy has become an irreplaceable topic to determine the correct path for minimizing the trade-off cost. Within this scope, this study has been performed to investigate the causality nexus between the exports indicators (aggregated exports and the ICT exports) and the energy consumption (renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption of the selected five emerging countries. The Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality analysis is performed on the annual data between 2000 and 2014. As a consequence of the evidence, it is documented that there are various causality relationships between the exports and the energy consumption indicators in the light of the performed analysis at different lags. However, the role of nonrenewable energy consumption is more active in the economies of the considered countries. According to the evidence, it is recommended for the emerging countries to invest and allocate more funds to renewable energy resources to diminish the role of nonrenewable energy resources in the economy.

This study aims to reveal new information about the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for the time-varying causality.

Economic growth and renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption data of the G7 countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK and the USA) for the 1980–2016 period were used in the study. The nonasymmetric causality test developed by Hacker and Hatemi-J (2006) and both traditional and time-varying forms of the asymmetric causality test by Hatemi-J (2012) were used as the study method.

While the study favors feedback hypothesis for renewable energy consumption in the nonasymmetric causality tests in the UK economy, it favors the same hypothesis for nonrenewable energy consumption in the US economy. However, according to the results reported by Hatemi-J (2012), the feedback hypothesis, which is supported for the UK, is supported only in positive shocks, yet not for each period of analysis. Similarly, feedback hypothesis, which is supported in the USA, is supported only in the negative shocks, yet not for each period of analysis.

This study examined that the asymmetric causality relationship between variables can be analyzed in time-varying form. Therefore, whether positive and negative shocks in renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption always provide useful information in estimations about economic growth is analyzed.

This study intended to analyze the impact of nonrenewable energy consumption, renewable energy consumption, CO₂ emissions on per capita income growth in Vietnam in the period 1990–2019.

The present study adopts the technique of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration for the annual data collection of Vietnam.

The results of the study show that in the long term, nonrenewable energy consumption increases per capita income, but CO₂ emissions reduce per capita income. In the short run, changes in nonrenewable energy consumption and renewable energy consumption promote per capita income growth in Vietnam. However, changes in nonrenewable energy consumption in the past have had a negative impact on the current income growth of Vietnamese people.

The current study provides new insights into the growth effect of nonrenewable energy consumption, renewable energy consumption and CO₂ emissions. The papers suggests important implications to Vietnam in setting the long-run policies to boost the effect of energy consumption and CO₂ emissions on growth in Vietnam in the coming time.

In the present study, the authors intended to investigate whether the economic growth drivers such as per capita income, financial development, nonrenewable energy solutions and trade expansion have invigorated the level of environmental pollution in the eight developing nations of South and Southeast Asia.

Considering the possibility of the cross-sectional dependency, the authors employed relatively new econometric approaches, that is, the Westerlund cointegration test and cross-sectional augmented distributed lag mean estimation (CS-DL) for the period of 1990–2015.

The simulation results of the study confirmed an N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve, which raised a question on the existing economic policies in these nations. Further, the study reported that the improvements in the financial sector, nonrenewable energy consumption and trade expansion contributed to increasing the level of CO₂ emissions in the long run.

Based on the results, the authors intended to provide a unique policy framework because the present policies are generating a trade-off between economic and environmental goals. If the suggested framework is employed across sectors, the given countries may likely achieve the sustainable development goals by 2030.

This study aims to examine the impact of oil consumption on carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and total factor productivity (TFP) in highly oil-consuming countries of the world from 1995 to 2019.

For this purpose, fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) are applied.

FMOLS and DOLS models reveal that oil consumption, human capital, population, trade openness and nonrenewable energy have a significant positive effect on CO₂ emissions. While information and communication technology (ICT), as proxied by mobile and natural resources, has a significant negative effect on CO₂ emissions. In the case of TFP, oil consumption, ICT and natural resources have a significant positive effect on the TFP. On the other hand, trade openness, population, human capital and nonrenewable energy have a significant negative effect on TFP. The results of this study can help to provide policy recommendations to reduce CO₂ emissions in studied highly oil-consuming countries of the world.

Due to the threat to sustainable development, climate change has become a major topic for debate around the world. The influence of oil consumption on CO₂ emission and TFP is less known in the available literature. Another significance of this study is that many researchers considered aggregate energy consumption to study this relationship, but the authors have studied the effect of energy consumption, particularly from oil in the top oil-consuming countries, which is a significant shortcoming of the present research.

This chapter aims to identify new perspectives of geothermal energy investments. For this purpose, all studies in the Web of Science regarding the geothermal energy are taken into consideration. These studies are evaluated with the help of text-mining approach. In this framework, most frequently stated words, two words, and three words are identified. It is concluded that technological development with respect to the geothermal energy is an important issue in this framework. After that, it is also determined that risk is another important factor in this regard. Finally, new implications regarding the geothermal energy are also considered by the researchers. Geothermal energy has a positive contribution to solve many different problems, such as energy dependency, current account deficit problem, and carbon emission. Hence, this study generated the significant issues to improve these investments. While considering the results, it is understood that technological developments related to the geothermal energy projects should be followed effectively. In addition, an effective risk evaluation should be conducted before implementing these projects.

Increasing dependence on energy in the world, the energy used in production processes being highly dependent on nonrenewable resources, environmental pollution as a result of these activities, and the depletion of natural resources make the continuity of economic development difficult. Environmental negativities as a result of economic production processes pose a serious threat to the future of humanity. It is a social responsibility to make an environmental management plan for the future by turning to renewable energy sources in line with the understanding of sustainability and to act with a strategic approach. The aim of this study is to determine the attitude of consumers, who are an important stakeholder of the institutional system, toward renewable energy sources. In addition, it is aimed to increase social awareness and awareness about renewable energy in the focus of sustainability understanding. In this context, the attitude of Turkish consumers toward renewable energy has been measured. 346 respondents participated the survey. Based on the findings, there is a statistical significance in terms of renewable energy sources' effects on living things factor according to age variable.

This study aims to investigate the effect of oil prices, economic growth and information communication technology (ICT) on investment into renewable energy transition (RET).

Based on six selected African countries (i.e. Algeria, Egypt, Angola, Ethiopia, South Africa and Nigeria), the study uses a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model over the period from 1995 to 2020.

The results show that increasing oil prices, by substitution effect, leads to increasing RET investment, while declining oil prices lead to decreasing RET investment in the short and long run. Furthermore, the results reveal that increasing real gross domestic product leads to increased RET investment, while declining real gross domestic product (GDP) leads to decreasing RET investment both in the short and long run. Simultaneously, the study shows that increasing ICT has a significant and positive impact on RET investment, while declining ICT has a significant negative impact on RET investment in the short and long run.

The findings of this study have advanced the understanding of which factors significantly influence RET investment and the need to concentrate efforts on strategically addressing those factors. The findings indicate that these countries are at the progressive stage in terms of renewable energy; though increasing oil prices contribute to rising RET investment, the countries can be more proactive by improving the full potential of ICT as well as facilitating the growth of their economies.

This paper analyzes the role that the climate change concern (CCC_i) has on the willingness to accept an environmental tax. The author aims to grasp how individual general tax preferences can differ with respect to the specific (environmental) tax. He focuses attention to the Italian case since it has been argued that the potential acceptability of a carbon tax in Italy is relatively high, and this topic has been scarcely explored so far among Italian citizens (Rotaris and Danielis, 2019).

The author conducted an online survey among 514 Italian economics students.

The CCC_i positively influences the environmental tax morale (ETM_i). The general tax morale (TM_i) positively affects the specific (environmental) TM_i. The CCC_i alters individual tax preferences. The author evidenced that also subjects with low TM_i turned out to be willing to pay an environmental tax if aware of the environmental issues.

Although the author used a common methodology in this strand of research, he is aware that in an online survey individuals can be influenced by the self-reporting and hypothetical choice bias (see Swamy et al., 2001), that in turn can characterize their reported preferences. Moreover, even if economics university students are commonly used as a subject pool in experimental economics settings, and although several studies showed that the behavioral responses of students are largely the same as those of nonstudents in identical experiments (for a discussion see Alm, 2012; Choo et al., 2016), there is awareness that in this case, they are not taxpayers yet (Barabas and Jerit, 2010).

The author’s results remark the importance of increasing climate change awareness among people to let them be more willing to pay the environmental tax, for instance through investments in sensibilization campaigns on the importance of energy source usage and climate-related topic. Then, an increase in the general TM_i leads to an increase in the specific (environmental) TM_i. The author’s evidence showed that people with high tax morale logically recognize the positive impact of paying an environmental tax when the CCC_i increases, since the more the theme becomes important, the larger the willingness to pay the specific tax. For this reason, policymakers should carry on campaigns to increase the general level of TM_i to increase the overall tax compliance level and the relative tax revenues, following the guidelines given by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2019) to support taxpayer education programs, such as including TM_i research and analysis into education programs, improving the ease of paying taxes or strengthening revenue–expenditure links to build the social contract.

It should be paramount to increase awareness about environmental topics among people in general and among those who are relatively tax immoral. The author’s results remark on the importance of targeting energy and environmental tax policies to groups rather than to individuals. According to this evidence, we support the use of nonmonetary tools to nudge people in the environmental transition by changing their behavior in energy use, for instance through the taxation on fuel and other nonrenewable energy resources.

It is the first empirical study that analyzes the impact of CCC_i on the environmental TM_i in Italy, in particular controlling for the role of the general willingness to pay taxes (TM_i). To obtain individual attitudes toward tax payment, most of the empirical studies in behavioral economics employ international surveys. For studies across citizens living in European countries, the European Social Survey (ESS) and European Values Study (EVS) represent the most used ones (see, for instance, Martinez-Vazquez and Torgler (2009) in Spain; Torgler and Werner (2005) in Germany; Nemore and Morone (2019) in Italy). However, these surveys do not allow to study the relationship between the environmental and general TM_i across the same subject pool. In fact, despite the ESS (2016) provides individual responses about the willingness to pay an environmental tax, it does not provide information about the general individual attitude toward tax payment (this information is contained only in the ESS wave of 2004, hence referring to a different subject pool). On the contrary, each wave of the EVS (i.e. 2008, 2017) provides information about the general individual attitude toward tax payment, but this survey does not provide a question regarding the willingness to pay an environmental tax. Therefore, to obtain information about the willingness to pay both general and environmental taxes, across the same subject pool, it is needed to carry out a survey.

Globally, the paucity of conventional energy sources has created an unprecedented increase in demand for green energy. Continuous dependency on conventional energy sources has given rise to several undesirable environmental consequences. In the 20th century, the international forum pondered about the development and uses of green energy, which commenced with the realization of global warming and the signing of the Kyoto Protocol agreement. This study aims to divulge the nexus between green energy, carbon emissions and economic prosperity from a global perspective. The study has been conducted by considering panel data of 35 global economies from 1971 to 2019.

To calibrate the uses of green energy, this study dwells upon the ratio between green energy consumption and total energy use. These instrumental variables have been widely acknowledged and accepted by several empirical analysis done in the past (Lin and Moubarak, 2014; Shahbaz et al., 2015). This research specifically uses the emission of carbon dioxide in a million tons as an instrumental variable of environmental degradation, which has been disregarded by all-preceding researchers from a global perspective. Additionally, this study also considers real gross domestic product value in terms of US$ (2010 constant price) as an indicator of economic prosperity. The same has been contemplated by an ample number of empirical research studies conducted previously. Thus, the authors adopted the panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique to achieve this research objectives; and to tackle the issue of contemporaneous correlation, the authors applied cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CSARDL) of common correlated effect pooled mean group (CCEPMG).

The results of panel ARDL analysis reveal that in the long-run, real gross domestic product (GDP) leads to carbon emission, whereas green energy uses do not have a substantial effect on the reduction of carbon emission. However, in the short-run, green energy consumption seems definitely helpful for combating carbon emission, while real GDP instigates carbon emission. This study effectively fortifies the notion of a trade-off between ecological pollution and economic prosperity. The empirical results of the Granger Causality test produce evidence of unidirectional causality from carbon emission to green energy uses and from real GDP to carbon emission in the panel countries

First, decisive corollaries of the conclusions drawn above have been made purely on the basis of a comprehensive investigation of 35 global economies. However, there is the scope for inclusive examination by considering more modern economies simultaneously. Second, this paper studied the potential impact of the uses of green energy and real GDP on carbon emission. Notably, the inference of this study has been grounded on three relevant variables, whereas there are possibilities that such an investigation could possibly be extended by considering other instrumental variables of environmental pollution.

A significant number of studies in the past have investigated the connection between renewable energy consumption (REC) and economic growth. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, none have looked to investigate the nexus between REC, economic prosperity and environmental sustainability simultaneously, specifically from the global perspective. Hence, this study intends to widen the prevailing perception of the emerging context above in two ways; first, by reconnoitering the effect of REC on environmental consequences and economic progress simultaneously, which has not been accomplished in extant literature. Second, the authors also strive to gradually augment the comprehensive analysis by expanding the study from a global perspective and by constructing the panel data of developing and advanced economies.