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1 – 10 of 525Sisay Demissew Beyene and Balázs Kotosz
The purpose of this study is to provide an empirical analysis of the impact of external debt on total factor productivity (TFP) and growth along with the TFP channel through which…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide an empirical analysis of the impact of external debt on total factor productivity (TFP) and growth along with the TFP channel through which external debt affects the growth of heavily indebted poor countries (HIPCs).
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses panel data econometrics; basically, the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) and alternative non-linear (panel threshold) models. For robustness check, it also uses panel-corrected standard errors, feasible generalized least squares and SUR (using alternative variables).
Findings
External debt significantly reduces both TFP and growth. Besides, it confirms that the relationship between external debt and TFP and gross domestic product growth is non-linear. Further external debt can affect the growth of HIPCs through the TFP channel. However, the threshold model result reveals weak evidence of threshold values although there are some threshold values of 67 and 54 for TFP and growth models, respectively.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on most concerned countries (HIPCs) that shows a detailed and complete analysis of the TFP channel and the impact of external debt on growth. Thus, it provides appropriate and sound policies that consider the unique characteristics of the countries. Unlike most previous findings, this study does not support an inverted U-shape relationship between external debt and growth. Further, it provides insights into the relationships among TFP, external debt and growth. Moreover, it considers basic panel econometric tests like cross-sectional dependence, uses a non-linear simultaneous equations model along with the alternative non-linear model and is supported by different robustness checks.
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The literature argues that human activities are responsible for environmental pollution and world climate change. Africa is the second-largest continent by population and its…
Abstract
Purpose
The literature argues that human activities are responsible for environmental pollution and world climate change. Africa is the second-largest continent by population and its socio-economic conditions are adversely affected by climate change due to environmental pollution. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between human activities, the environment and the economic growth of 38 African countries from 2000 to 2018.
Design/methodology/approach
This study employs a simultaneous equations model called Seemingly unrelated regression.
Findings
Human capital development (HDI) and environmental health (EH) have a positive and non-linear relationship, while HDI and ecosystem vitality (EV) are negative and non-linear. The relationship between gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) and EH is negative and non-linear. However, the GDPPC-EV link is insignificant. Trade openness (TO) and EV have a negative and non-linear relationship, but trade significantly improves EH. Urbanisation-EV relationship is positive and non-linear. However, urbanisation significantly reduces EH. Technology has a positive and non-linear relationship with EH and EV. The study also found that EH and EV positively affects the economy.
Originality/value
This is the first study to analyse the most concerned countries in-depth. Thus, it provides appropriate and sound policies that consider the unique characteristics of the nations. Moreover, it uses a robust estimation technique that overcomes the endogeneity problem and offers insight into the relationship between the variables, including the feedback effect of the environment on growth.
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Romain Corcolle, Erwan Salaün, Frédéric Bouillault, Yves Bernard, Claude Richard, Adrien Badel and Daniel Guyomar
To provide a model that allows testing and understanding special damping techniques.
Abstract
Purpose
To provide a model that allows testing and understanding special damping techniques.
Design/methodology/approach
The finite element modeling takes into account the piezoelectric coupling. It is used with a non linear electrical circuit. The approach leads to an accurate tool to observe the behavior of the non linear damping techniques such as synchronized switch damping.
Findings
The model has been validated by comparison with Ansys® but the CPU time required for the model is around one hundred times shorter.
Research limitations/implications
The proposed model is 1D and the assumptions to use it are not verified for all structures.
Practical implications
The authors obtain a useful tool for the design of damping structures (for example to find the best localisation of the piezoelectric patches and to test electrical circuits).
Originality/value
The model is used for the design and conception of damping as well as for harvesting structures.
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– This paper investigates whether mean reversion holds for a panel of 16 OECD stock price indices for the period 1970 to 2011.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper investigates whether mean reversion holds for a panel of 16 OECD stock price indices for the period 1970 to 2011.
Design/methodology/approach
We employ seemingly unrelated regression (SUR)-based linear and non-linear unit root tests which are not only able to exploit the power of panel data analysis but also account for cross sectional dependencies as well as identify which panel members are stationary.
Findings
In contrast to a literature that offers mixed findings on stationarity, it was found that most of our sample is characterized as mean- or trend-reverting with approximated half-lives in the region of three to five years.
Originality/value
In contrast to other panel unit root tests of stock prices, the authors identify which individual panel members are stationary and non-stationary using a SURADF test. A further novelty of our approach is that we also develop a SUR-based panel KSS test that allows us to explore the possibility that stock prices exhibit non-linear stationarity.
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Gives introductory remarks about chapter 1 of this group of 31 papers, from ISEF 1999 Proceedings, in the methodologies for field analysis, in the electromagnetic community…
Abstract
Gives introductory remarks about chapter 1 of this group of 31 papers, from ISEF 1999 Proceedings, in the methodologies for field analysis, in the electromagnetic community. Observes that computer package implementation theory contributes to clarification. Discusses the areas covered by some of the papers ‐ such as artificial intelligence using fuzzy logic. Includes applications such as permanent magnets and looks at eddy current problems. States the finite element method is currently the most popular method used for field computation. Closes by pointing out the amalgam of topics.
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This paper deals with mathematical and numerical methods for defining optimal therapeutics associated with drugs action models. To obtain the optimal control corresponding to some…
Abstract
This paper deals with mathematical and numerical methods for defining optimal therapeutics associated with drugs action models. To obtain the optimal control corresponding to some criteria analytical and numerical methods are proposed. An original optimization technique giving the global optimum will be described and used. It is based on a space filling curve idea. A new variant of the dynamic programming method is also proposed, this leads to a simple optimization problem.
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This paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element and boundary element parallel processing techniques from the theoretical and application points of view. Topics…
Abstract
This paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element and boundary element parallel processing techniques from the theoretical and application points of view. Topics include: theory – domain decomposition/partitioning, load balancing, parallel solvers/algorithms, parallel mesh generation, adaptive methods, and visualization/graphics; applications – structural mechanics problems, dynamic problems, material/geometrical non‐linear problems, contact problems, fracture mechanics, field problems, coupled problems, sensitivity and optimization, and other problems; hardware and software environments – hardware environments, programming techniques, and software development and presentations. The bibliography at the end of this paper contains 850 references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations dealing with presented subjects that were published between 1996 and 2002.
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Stefan Bouissou and Francis Piriou
To extend the field application of numerical simulation, it is necessary in many applications to consider the electric circuit. Usually the magnetic equations are solved using the…
Abstract
To extend the field application of numerical simulation, it is necessary in many applications to consider the electric circuit. Usually the magnetic equations are solved using the 3D finite element method which implies the solution of a non‐linear equations system. To solve the electric circuit equations a mesh or a state variable method can be used. It may be noted that the electric equation system obtained with these methods can also be non‐linear in presence of semi‐conductor components in the electric circuit. If the interaction between the magnetic and electric circuits is important both non‐linear matrix systems must be solved simultaneously.
C. DALLE, M.R. FRISCOURT and P.A. ROLLAND
Time and frequency domain complementary numerical models of microwave non‐linear circuits using two‐terminal active semiconductor devices are presented. Their main feature is the…
Abstract
Time and frequency domain complementary numerical models of microwave non‐linear circuits using two‐terminal active semiconductor devices are presented. Their main feature is the use of numerical one‐dimensional macroscopic physical models as semiconductor device models. Their respective capability is illustrated by some results of a study devoted to the optimization of millimeter‐wave avalanche diode frequency multipliers.