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Power quality issues highly affect the secure and economic operations of the power system. Although numerous methodologies are reported in the literature, flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices play a primary role. However, the FACTS devices require optimal location and sizing to perform the power quality enhancement effectively and in a cost efficient manner. This paper aims to attain the maximum power quality improvements in IEEE 30 and IEEE 57 test bus systems.

This paper contributes the adaptive whale optimization algorithm (AWOA) algorithm to solve the power quality issues under deregulated sector, which enhances available transfer capability, maintains voltage stability, minimizes loss and mitigates congestions.

Through the performance analysis, the convergence of the final fitness of AWOA algorithm is 5 per cent better than artificial bee colony (ABC), 3.79 per cent better than genetic algorithm (GA), 2,081 per cent better than particle swarm optimization (PSO) and fire fly (FF) and 2.56 per cent better than whale optimization algorithm (WOA) algorithms at 400 per cent load condition for IEEE 30 test bus system, and the fitness convergence of AWOA algorithm for IEEE 57 test bus system is 4.44, 4.86, 5.49, 7.52 and 9.66 per cent better than FF, ABC, WOA, PSO and GA, respectively.

This paper presents a technique for minimizing the power quality problems using AWOA algorithm. This is the first work to use WOA-based optimization for the power quality improvements.