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In this paper, the authors take an amorphous flattened air-ground wireless self-assembling network system as the research object and focus on solving the wireless self-assembling network topology instability problem caused by unknown control communication faults during the operation of this system.

In the paper, the authors propose a neural network-based direct robust adaptive non-fragile fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network integrated system.

The simulation results show that the system eventually tends to be asymptotically stable, and the estimation error asymptotically tends to zero with the feedback adjustment of the designed controller. The system as a whole has good fault tolerance performance and autonomous learning approximation performance. The experimental results show that the wireless self-assembled network topology has good stability performance and can change flexibly and adaptively with scene changes. The stability performance of the wireless self-assembled network topology is improved by 66.7% at maximum.

The research results may lack generalisability because of the chosen research approach. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.

This paper designs a direct, robust, non-fragile adaptive neural network fault-tolerant controller based on the Lyapunov stability principle and neural network learning capability. By directly optimizing the feedback matrix K to approximate the robust fault-tolerant correction factor, the neural network adaptive adjustment factor enables the system as a whole to resist unknown control and communication failures during operation, thus achieving the goal of stable wireless self-assembled network topology.

This paper primarily aims to focus on a review of convolutional neural network (CNN)-based eye control systems. The performance of CNNs in big data has led to the development of eye control systems. Therefore, a review of eye control systems based on CNNs is helpful for future research.

In this paper, first, it covers the fundamentals of the eye control system as well as the fundamentals of CNNs. Second, the standard CNN model and the target detection model are summarized. The eye control system’s CNN gaze estimation approach and model are next described and summarized. Finally, the progress of the gaze estimation of the eye control system is discussed and anticipated.

The eye control system accomplishes the control effect using gaze estimation technology, which focuses on the features and information of the eyeball, eye movement and gaze, among other things. The traditional eye control system adopts pupil monitoring, pupil positioning, Hough algorithm and other methods. This study will focus on a CNN-based eye control system. First of all, the authors present the CNN model, which is effective in image identification, target detection and tracking. Furthermore, the CNN-based eye control system is separated into three categories: semantic information, monocular/binocular and full-face. Finally, three challenges linked to the development of an eye control system based on a CNN are discussed, along with possible solutions.

This research can provide theoretical and engineering basis for the eye control system platform. In addition, it also summarizes the ideas of predecessors to support the development of future research.

Traditional network management tools (NMT) are centralised in nature, as a result of which they are not flexible enough when large control network (e.g. SCADA network) design is desired for. In this paper conventional NMTs have been segmented into components with unified and dedicated functions. Each component has been configured as a client with regard to a central database (i.e. server). The components co‐operate with other components. The work includes the design of flexible NMTs in terms of advanced software architecture for the management of control networks. Three software components (Installation, Configuration and Testing) based on CS architecture and object‐oriented philosophy have been developed. The components are realised with LON™ (Local Operating Network) platform; a proprietary fieldbus system from Echelon, Microsoft’s Visual Basic‐4 platform and Microsoft’s Windows98 operating system. LON Component Architecture Object Server (LCAOS) serves as the network kernel in this design. The configurable components can be used concurrently for the design of control networks.

The paper takes the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system as the research object, this paper aims to propose a distributed robust H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the system to distribute to solve the problem of control and communication failure at the same time.

In the paper, the authors propose a distributed robust H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system.

The results show that the integrated system has good robustness and fault tolerance performance indicators for flight control and wireless signal transmission when confronted with external disturbances, internal actuator failures and wireless network associated failures and the flight control curve of the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is generally smooth and stable, even if it encounters external disturbances and actuator failures, its fault tolerance performance is very good. Then in the range of 400–800 m wireless communication distance, the success rate of wireless signal loop transmission is stable at 80%–100% and the performance is at least relatively improved by 158.823%.

This paper takes the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system as the research object, based on the robust fault-tolerant control algorithm, the authors propose a distributed robust H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the system and through the Riccati equation and linear matrix inequation method, the designed distributed robust H_∞ adaptive fault-tolerant controller further optimizes the fault suppression factor γ, so as to break through the limitation of only one Lyapunov matrix for different fault modes to distribute to solve the problem of control and communication failure at the same time.

To solve the above problems and ensure the stability of the ad hoc network node topology in the process of wireless signal transmission, this paper aims to design a robust adaptive sliding film fault-tolerant controller under the nonlinear distortion of signal transmission in an amorphous flat air-to-ground wireless ad hoc network system.

This paper designs a robust adaptive sliding film fault-tolerant controller under the nonlinear distortion of signal transmission in an amorphous flat air-to-ground wireless ad hoc network system.

The simulation results show that the amorphous flat wireless self-organizing network system has good nonlinear distortion fault-tolerant correction ability under the feedback control of the designed controller, and the system has the asymptotically stable convergence ability; the test results show: the node topology of the self-organizing network structural stability is significantly improved, which provides a foundation for the subsequent realization of long-distance transmission of ad hoc network nodes.

Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further.

The controller can extract the fault information caused by nonlinear distortion in the wireless signal transmission process, and at the same time, its feedback matrix K can gradually converge the generated wireless signal error to zero, to realize the stable transmission of the wireless signal.

Almost all industrial systems are distributed with multiple control points which interact to a limited extent, for which the idea of distribution of task at local (field) level is emerging. As locally‐based application tasks can reduce control delays, a fieldbus‐based smart and reliable DCS solution is recognised as a leader for real‐time industrial automation. Advanced control system has turned itself towards the implementation of digital distributed control systems (DCS) from centralised control systems. The phenomenon is becoming very popular because of its advantages over the whole operating system. Presents a case study for realising manufacturing systems (production lines) with fieldbus technology. The local operating network (LON) fieldbus system was chosen for this purpose because of availability of a wide range of products. Emphasises the reliability aspects of the control systems. A representative of a conveyor system, integrated with field devices, was conceived as the target platform.

The purpose of this paper is to verify that improved immune network can be used to design new controller for engineering.

First, the definition of artificial immune controller is given out. Second, the disadvantage of Varela immune network which is not fit for control system is pointed out. Third, based on the analysis, the Varela immune network is modified for the purpose of designing controller with the mechanisms of immune network. And an immune controller based on improved Varela immune network (improved Varela immune network model (IVINM)‐AIC) is designed out. Its theoretic background is described in detail.

Based on the theoretic analysis and experiment of motor speed control, it is found that Varela immune work can be used to design immune controller. The experiments results show that IVINM‐AIC is much more robust, stable and anti‐delay and less overshoot than classical proportion, integration, and differentiation controller. It is good at controlling nonlinear system which is single input single output (SISO) system. The limitation of IVINM‐AIC is that it is used for simple SISO system.

The theoretic analysis of improved Varela immune network controller is original and it is useful for the analysis and design of new and complex immune controller. The experiment design is useful for comparison of new test in future.

The purpose of this research is to compare an industrial ethernet based network (PROFINET Class 1) with a traditional fieldbus network (PROFIBUS).

Two sets of identical motors were used in the experimental set-up. The speed synchronisation of a lead and follower motors was compared using both PROFINET Class 1 and a PROFIBUS DP network. The level of synchronising achievable was used as a measure of performance for each network.

It was found that PROFIBUS DP produces a better performance for set point and load changes than PROFINET Class 1 network.

PROFINET Class 2 and higher could not be used in the experiment due to availability of equipment and funding.

This research provides a comparative study of two very popular industrial networks. The results can be used as reference by industry for selection of industrial networks.

The paper provides a manufacturer independent practical comparison of two industrial networks. The application area of speed synchronisation is demanding, and should inform the user on the performance and limitation of industrial networks.

The purpose of this paper is to concern the design of a robust model predictive controller for distributed networked systems with transmission delays.

The overall system is composed of a number of interconnected nonlinear subsystems with time-varying transmission delays. A distributed networked system with transmission delays is modeled as a nonlinear system with a time-varying delay. Time delays appear in distributed systems due to the information transmission in the communication network or transport of material between the sub-plants. In real applications, the states may not be available directly and it could be a challenge to address the control problem in interconnected systems using a centralized architecture because of the constraints on the computational capabilities and the communication bandwidth. The controller design is characterized as an optimization problem of a “worst-case” objective function over an infinite moving horizon.

The aim is to propose control synthesis approach that depends on nonlinearity and time varying delay characteristics. The MPC problem is represented in a time varying delayed state feedback structure. Then the synthesis sufficient condition is provided in the form of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization and is solved online at each time instant. In the rest, an LMI-based decentralized observer-based robust model predictive control strategy is proposed.

The authors develop RMPC strategies for a class of distributed networked systems with transmission delays using LMI-Based technique. To evaluate the applicability of the developed approach, the control design of a networked chemical reactor plant with two sub-plants is studied. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

To introduce a Petri nets model that describes a networked manufacturing system and its dynamics.

A hybrid Petri nets model is constructed, the continuous part of which is to describe the dynamics of the production process within a manufacturing system and the discrete part of which is to describe the dynamics of the ordering and delivering process between every two manufacturing systems. In addition, the mathematical formulation of the dynamics of networked manufacturing systems is proposed to describe its behaviors in detail. Based on the model, the control system architecture of networked manufacturing systems is constructed to make and execute the production plan, solve the conflicts among manufacturing systems and realize the reconfiguration of the network.

There are two key aspects in the dynamics of this hybrid system: first, in the continuous part of this hybrid system, the production process, the variables are discrete. Accordingly, the change of the systems states is not always continuous. Second, in the discrete part of this hybrid system the control variables are actually the safety and objective inventory levels and the minimum quantity of cumulative orders to trigger deliveries which determine the time and quantities of ordering or delivery. However, the relations between them are non‐linear.

Based on the model, the control system architecture of networked manufacturing systems can be constructed to make and execute the production plan, solve the conflicts among manufacturing systems and realize the reconfiguration of the network.