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1 – 10 of 874Safa ElKhider and Barbara M. Savage
The purpose of this paper is to identify the barriers of near miss (NM) reporting among healthcare workers in a governmental hospital in Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the barriers of near miss (NM) reporting among healthcare workers in a governmental hospital in Saudi Arabia.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a mixed methods study, composed of a survey, followed by a set of semi-structured interviews which were conducted to get a more in depth understanding of some of the aspects covered in the questionnaire.
Findings
The research shows that the main barrier to reporting NMs in the hospital is a fear of professional and departmental consequences. Differences between employee groups are evident in their perceptions, special attention should be given to that when developing a programme to improve reporting.
Research limitations/implications
First, the sample size may not be representative of the hospital’s population, because the response rate from nurses was significantly higher than from professional groups. Second, the questionnaire only captures the perceptions of employees about these barriers and not the actual barriers. Those who did not respond to the questionnaires might hold different views to those who responded, providing bias in the results.
Practical implications
These findings show that a focus on NMs in particular is lacking in Saudi Arabia, despite the valuable learning opportunities they may hold. Better understanding of these factors is likely to aid hospital leaders in talking the barriers identified, so that the potential of NM reports can be maximised to improve hospital systems.
Originality/value
This research draws attention to the attitudes of healthcare workers to NM reporting, most previous studies were focussed on the barriers of adverse events or error reporting in general, rather than NMs.
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Pinsheng Duan and Jianliang Zhou
Near misses are important references for the construction industry to move toward zero injuries, and are of great significance in reducing accidents and improving safety…
Abstract
Purpose
Near misses are important references for the construction industry to move toward zero injuries, and are of great significance in reducing accidents and improving safety education. To fully improve the construction industry's understanding and standardize the management process of near-miss events, this paper describes a systematic review of the research front and intellectual basis of near-miss events based on scientometric technique and CiteSpace.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors reviewed and summarized the research wave and definitions of near-miss events in construction. The science mapping approach is used to conduct quantitative analyses of 120 relevant articles published between 2009 and 2019. Three research themes are identified via author analysis, keyword analysis and co-citation analysis: the construction of near-miss management systems, near-miss events research and characteristic research.
Findings
It is found that improving the data collection method to maximize the quality of near-miss reports, optimizing and verifying the event analysis model considering the characteristics of near-miss events in construction, establishing a more comprehensive framework for the analysis of near-miss events and building a highly inclusive technology integration platform are the four main development directions for the future.
Originality/value
According to Heinrich's law, incidents are mainly blamed on near-miss events such as workers' unsafe behaviors. Due to the complexity and variability of the construction site, near-miss events in construction may have different features. This article helps promote the understanding of near misses in academia, standardizing the management process of near-miss events, which is conducive to mining the potential value of such events in practice. Some insights into the research front and the intellectual base of near-miss research in construction are proposed.
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Michele Clark, Marion Gray and Jane Mooney
The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of near‐misses and mistakes among new graduate occupational therapists from Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ), and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of near‐misses and mistakes among new graduate occupational therapists from Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ), and their knowledge of current incident reporting systems.
Design/methodology/approach
New graduate occupational therapists in Australia and Aotearoa/NZ in their first year of practice (n=228) participated in an online electronic survey that examined five areas of work preparedness. Near‐misses and mistakes was one focus area.
Findings
The occurrence and disclosure of practice errors among new graduate occupational therapists are similar between Australian and Aotearoa/NZ participants. Rural location, structured supervision and registration status significantly influenced the perceptions and reporting of practice errors. Structured supervision significantly impacted on reporting procedure knowledge. Current registration status was strongly correlated with perceptions that the workplace encouraged event reporting.
Research limitations/ implications
Areas for further investigation include investigating the perceptions and knowledge of practice errors within a broader profession and the need to explore definitional aspects and contextual factors of adverse events that occur in allied health settings. Selection bias may be a factor in this study.
Practical implications
Findings have implications for university and workplace structures, such as clinical management, supervision, training about practice errors and reporting mechanisms in allied health.
Originality/value
Findings may enable the development of better strategies for detecting, managing and preventing practice errors in the allied health professions.
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ALEXANDER MUERMANN and ULKU OKTEM
Over recent decades, banks and bank regulators have devoted substantial resources to managing market risk and credit risk. More recently industry and regulatory focus has shifted…
Abstract
Over recent decades, banks and bank regulators have devoted substantial resources to managing market risk and credit risk. More recently industry and regulatory focus has shifted to the mitigation of operational risk. This article addresses the Advanced Measurement Approaches under which banks would be allowed to determine capital requirements, based on their own internal assessment of operational risk, according to standards set by the Basel Committee. The authors propose adopting the concept of “nearmiss” risk assessment employed in the chemical, health, and airline industries to internally evaluate operational risk.
The literature was reviewed to locate the most relevant social-psychology theories, factors, and instruments in order to measure New York State resident attitudes and social norms…
Abstract
Purpose
The literature was reviewed to locate the most relevant social-psychology theories, factors, and instruments in order to measure New York State resident attitudes and social norms (SNs) concerning their intent to evacuate Hurricane Irene in the summer of 2011. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model which could be generalized to improve social policy determination for natural disaster preparation.
Design/methodology/approach
A post-positivist ideology was employed, quantitative data were collected from an online survey (nominal, binary, interval, and ratio), and inferential statistical techniques were applied to test theory-deductive hypotheses (Strang, 2013b). Since the questions for each hypothesized factor were customized using a pilot for this study, exploratory factor analysis were conducted to ensure the item validity and reliabilities were compared to a priori benchmarks (Gill et al., 2010). Correlation analysis along with logistic and multiple regression were applied to test the hypothesis at the 95 percent confidence level.
Findings
A statistically significant model was developed using correlation, stepwise regression, ordinary least squares regression, and logistic regression. Only two composite factors were needed to capture 55.4 percent of the variance for behavioral intent (BI) to evacuate. The model predicted 43.9 percent of the evacuation decisions, with 13.3 percent undecided, leaving 42.8 incorrectly classified), using logistic regression (n=401 surveyed participants).
Research limitations/implications
Municipal planners can use this information by creating surveys and collecting BI indicators from citizens, during risk planning, in advance of a natural disaster. The concepts could also apply to man-made disasters. Planners can use the results from these surveys to predict the overall likelihood that residents with home equity (e.g. home owners) intend to leave when given a public evacuation order.
Practical implications
Once municipal planners know the indicators for personal attitudes (PAs) (in particular) and SNs, they could sort these by region, to identify areas where the PAs were too low. Then additional evacuation preparation efforts can be focussed on those regions. According to these findings, the emphasis must be focussed on a PA basis, describing the extreme negative impacts of previous disasters, rather than using credible spokespersons, to persuade individuals to leave.
Originality/value
A new model was created with a “near miss disaster” severity factor as an extension to the theory of reasoned action.
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John McElhinney and Orla Heffernan
This paper outlines the process and context in which the Clinical Risk Modification Project at Sligo Hospital, Ireland was established and focuses on the issues encountered from…
Abstract
This paper outlines the process and context in which the Clinical Risk Modification Project at Sligo Hospital, Ireland was established and focuses on the issues encountered from conception to implementation. The project is based in the emergency and orthopaedic departments and is of two years duration. The stated aim of this project is to design and test a framework incorporating the core components of a workable Clinical Risk Modification programme in the context of an Irish general hospital. This involved making an explicit commitment to the principles of a learning organisation including blame free risk reporting, providing education and awareness training to promote understanding of clinical risk management locally, and developing a clinical incident/near miss reporting system to address clinical risk in both a proactive and reactive way.
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The purpose of this paper is to present the ways in which underlying social and organisational factors and employment relations underpin the practice of incident reporting in the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the ways in which underlying social and organisational factors and employment relations underpin the practice of incident reporting in the international shipping industry.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses a qualitative case study method involving field trips to two shipping organisations and sailing on research voyages on two ships of each of the organisations. It draws on empirical data using semi‐structured interviews, notes from fieldwork observations and documentary analysis of company policies, procedures and practices.
Findings
In the two companies studied there were significant gaps between the policy and practice of incident reporting, which were present primarily due to the employees' fear of losing jobs. It is shown that these findings were manifestations of deeper sociological issues and organisational weaknesses in the shipping industry. In particular ineffective regulatory infrastructure, weak employment practices, the absence of trade union support and lack of organisational trust were the key underlying concerns which made incident reporting notably ineffective in the shipping context.
Originality/value
While the weaknesses in the practice of incident reporting in the shipping industry were reported in the past, previous studies did not offer further explanations. This paper addresses the gap and provides another illustration of the need for looking into deeper sociological underpinnings for practices in the workplace. The author also hopes that the study will have a positive impact on policy makers in the shipping industry.
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Huey Peng Loh, Dirk Frans de Korne, Soon Phaik Chee and Ranjana Mathur
Wrong lens implants have been associated with the highest frequency of medical errors in cataract surgery. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of the Systems…
Abstract
Purpose
Wrong lens implants have been associated with the highest frequency of medical errors in cataract surgery. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) framework to sustainably reduce wrong intraocular lens (IOL) implants in cataract surgery.
Design/methodology/approach
In this mixed-methods study, the SEIPS framework was used to analyse a series of (near) misses of IOL implants in a national tertiary specialty hospital in Singapore. A series of interventions was developed and applied in the case hospital. Risk assessment audits were done before the interventions (2012; n=6,111 surgeries), during its implementation (n=7,475) and in the two years post-interventions (2013-2015; n=39,390) to compare the wrong IOL-rates.
Findings
Although the absolute number of incidents was low, the incident rate decreased from 4.91 before to 2.54 per 10,000 cases after. Near miss IOL error decreased from 5.89 before to 3.55 per 1,000 cases after. The number of days between two IOL incidents increased from 35 to an initial peak of 385 before stabilizing on 56. The large variety of available IOL types and vendors was found as the main root cause of wrong implants that required reoperation.
Practical implications
The SEIPS framework seems to be helpful to assess components involved and develop sustainable quality and safety interventions that intervene at different levels of the system.
Originality/value
The SEIPS model is supportive to address differences between person and system root causes comprehensively and thereby foster quality and patient safety culture.
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Mamta Tripathi and Bharatendu Nath Srivastava
The purpose of the paper is to develop a theoretical framework with testable propositions discussing the role of counterfactual thinking in fostering accurate decision-making in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to develop a theoretical framework with testable propositions discussing the role of counterfactual thinking in fostering accurate decision-making in groups and preventing catastrophes, being mediated by information searching, sharing, task conflict and conflict management mechanisms, moderated by task complexity, cognitive complexity, cognitive closure and tolerance of ambiguity.
Design/methodology/approach
A theoretical framework is formulated and propositions are postulated involving independent, mediating, moderating and dependent variables.
Findings
This paper recommends a helpful framework for understanding of how counterfactual thinking affects information searching, sharing and decision-making accuracy in groups, thereby preventing catastrophes.
Practical/implications
The proposed framework might be of assistance in managing complex group decision-making and information sharing in organizations. Decision-makers may become aware that activating counterfactual mind-set enables them to search for critical information facilitating accurate decision-making in groups leading to catastrophe prevention.
Originality/value
This paper adds value to the field of counterfactual thinking theory applied to group decision-making. Moreover, the paper provides a novel framework for group decision-making which sheds light on pertinent variables, which can either ameliorate or exacerbate the accuracy of decision-making by information searching and sharing in groups under varying context of high/low task complexity. The ramifications of task conflict, conflict management mechanisms, team diversity and size are explored alongside the moderating role of cognitive complexity, cognitive closure and tolerance for ambiguity.
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