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The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a study carried out pertaining to the Malaysian archivists' knowledge and skills in managing electronic records (ER).

The main data collection has been gathered through survey questionnaires. Quantitative data were gathered from a total of 41 archivists at the National Archives of Malaysia.

The insufficiency of education and training received by the archivists contributed to the archivists' limited knowledge and skills to support their roles and responsibilities to manage ER. The archivists' limited knowledge and skills on ER management (ERM) prevented them from implementing the policies and standard procedures on ERM which was part of their main responsibilities.

This study would be useful in identifying the required knowledge and skills for the archivists and suitable education and training for them to acquire such knowledge and skills to manage ER.

This is the first study of its kind which deals with the archivists' competencies in managing ER in the Malaysian Government.

This study seeks to examine the existence of records professionals and their role in Malaysian organizations.

The study compares case studies done in six government‐controlled companies. Interviews were conducted with the persons handling the records and information (including records in electronic environment) in the organizations. The interviews were then transcribed and analyzed manually to obtain the comparative data from each case.

The findings indicate that there are no “real” records professionals in Malaysian organizations. The responsibility and accountability of documenting and managing the organizations' records are dispersed and decentralized. Records managers as a profession are not established within the Malaysian organization structures. Generally there is no specific position of “records manager” in Malaysian organizations. However, the “archivists” are confined at the National Archives and there are no such positions at any of the case organizations studied.

The study selected six of the government‐controlled companies.

Findings and discovery of the study are significant in confirming that Malaysian organizations (both public and private) are taking their records management responsibilities very unconscientiously with little understanding and support from the top management. They have yet to realize the risk their organizations are facing for non‐compliance to records management standards and practices.

The study confirms the non‐existence of the records professional's position in the formal structures of Malaysian organizations. Though their roles and responsibilities are vital in the management and protection of records to support the business delivery of the organizations, their functions are carried out without due recognition to the profession.

This paper aims to assess to which extent the legality of electronic archive management can realize Indonesia E-government. This aspect of legality can have a significant impact on the application ofe-government in a country. The legality focuses on the archival legislation of the Republic of Indonesia in discussion related to the management of electronic archives.

The method used in this research is content analysis with qualitative research approach. The data for this research was taken from the Undang-Undang Kearsipan Indonesia (Indonesia Archives Constitution) documents that is available on the official website of Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) (National Archives of the Republic of Indonesia). To complete the discussion in this paper also conducted literature study using secondary literature sources.

From the aspect of legality, the management of electronic archives does not yet support the implementation of Indonesia E-government. From the aspect of legality, the laws governing the management of electronic archives has not yet existed, there is only the Regulation of the Head of the National Archives regarding the guidelines of general policy for electronic records management in 2012.

This research is limited to the identification of comprehensive analysis on all documents of the ANRI on the management of electronic archives in the context of Indonesia E-government. From that, the gap between those aspects can be examined.

This paper reveals the importance of legality in the form of regulation of electronic records management in Indonesia E-government. Findings from this research can be useful for the Indonesia E-government program.

Research with content analysis method on management of electronic archive on Law of Archiving in Republik Indonesia has never been done before. This also applies to the research on the relationship between the management of electronic archives with the application of Indonesia E-government.

The growth of web emerging technology and data visual demand from the World Wide Web (WWW) makes the need for information repositories become vital. Proper database development will assure the repository managing web content effectively aligns with web archive metadata standards. This paper aims to present the database design process for web archive content repository specifically to maintain social and cultural heritage values upon Malaysians as Mfigures.

The empirical process start with literature review and validation from expert on the elements and scopes of research. Then, structured database design guideline which part of database life cycle (DBLC) was applied and combined with the step of comparative and mapping the conceptual model with metadata standard that is relevant with web archive content. The paper focuses on the first three stages: Database Initial Study, web archiving and Metadata standard mapping; and conceptual design to focus on data modelling. Another two stages of database design are logical design and physical design will be exposed later.

The empirical process has produced initial conceptual data model, database structure that can be a basis of web archiving repository. The data model had also been verified with metadata data standards to assure the database structure implementation cater the need of web archiving repository features especially web information discovery.

Nevertheless, database design is the most effective way to develop good information architecture on the Net, but the absence of some important fields on related tables have been identified such as subject, language, coverage, right, publisher and contributor. The MFigures’ database schema will continuously improve for better scope and coverage of web archive content suite with future information demands on the WWW.

The conceptual data model act as a communication tool by the technical team in web application development. It can be revisited to suite with other different database management system or to suite with other similar scope of information repository requirements.

Mfigures was uniquely designed for collecting Malaysian social and cultural heritage, which are rarely design before, and it can be beneficial as Malaysia society future references for excellent motivations roles and successful stories.

The Mfigure conceptual data model was empirically design and gone through a proper validation process by the industrial and academic experts.

The purpose of this paper is to explore, identify and gain insight into factors related to electronic records and information management (e-RIM) issues and their influence on the implementation of e-RIM initiative in military service in Malaysia. This exploration was conducted via a literature review and case study.

This study adopted a qualitative approach and used a case study involving two army departments in Malaysia. Interviews triangulated by document content analysis and observations were used for data collection. The data were analysed using a directional content analysis approach.

This study reveals that people, organizations, technology and processes are the interrelated contexts underlying e-RIM issues which inevitably influence the implementation of e-RIM initiatives. Competency and leadership, governance structure, culture and strategic planning, technology development and record-keeping process are the main factors impacting such efforts, in turn forming potential obstacles for organizations implementing such initiatives.

The research approach and design adopted and the sample size were insufficient for generalization of the findings.

This study shows that e-RIM initiatives pose greater challenges related to various issues that cause difficulties in improving and implementing the initiative. Thus, it is crucial for organizations to ascertain and comprehend the factors that influence e-RIM initiatives prior to formulating strategies and approaches in addressing those factors, which would in turn affect the implementation of e-RIM initiatives.

This study provides insights into the fundamental factors embracing the e-RIM issues which influence the initiatives, and thereby fosters further discussion and research in the subject matter in Malaysia.

The existence of policy serves as a guideline to facilitate actions and decisions to be taken. Electronic records management should be driven and guided by clear, comprehensive, understandable policy, to direct the organization and ascertain the effectiveness of functions implemented. The purpose of this paper is to find out whether government agencies in Malaysia do possess such a policy for electronic records management. In addition, the aim is to identify the responsible party for the policy besides investigating the sources referred to in developing the policy.

The survey employs a questionnaire to gather the data from 25 selected government departments in Klang Valley and Putrajaya, Malaysia.

As anticipated, not all government departments possess electronic records management policy far from complete, clear, and easy to implement. Most surveyed samples are executing policy provided by Malaysian Administrative Modernisation and Management Planning Unit (MAMPU) and National Archive of Malaysia (NAM) with some modifications to suit their needs. On the other hand, the number of organization carrying out electronic records management without any policy in place is alarming.

Electronic records management is carried out in some organisations merely based on their instinct and initiatives, far from complying with international standards of best practice.

This paper provides evidence from an original study.

The purpose of this paper is to attempt to establish a framework for managing trusted records in the electronic environment.

The study collates the criteria required to manage trusted electronic records through the available literature and best practice and tests these on experts through an opinion survey. The study was done via email inviting 40 selected experts (18 participated), known in the fields of records and archives management all over the world, to respond to a structured framework of managing electronic records.

The findings indicate that the experts are unanimously agreed that the five main contexts, namely governance, recordkeeping, archival, technological, skills and competency, serve as an audit list providing the trusted environment for managing records in the electronic environment.

The collation of the criteria for trusted electronic records management, based on available literature and best practice in the field, may not be exhaustive as new literature on the latest information and knowledge, debates and practices continues to emerge throughout the records and archives community.

The study's findings are significant in confirming that the criteria collated are highly recommended and crucial in ensuring the reliability, authenticity, integrity and long term accessibility of electronic records.

The study establishes the elements in building trusted management of electronic records. This framework provides a basis for good records management practices to ensure that electronic records are to be managed in an efficient and consistent manner. This is vital for the long‐term preservation of those records with continuing value or as the evidence of transactions and the accountability that the records held for their current use.

Information technology has led to rapid and dynamic changes in the way government and business operate. The introduction of computers helps government administration in achieving efficiency and adding value to the conduct of government business transaction. The Malaysian Government has taken a pragmatic approach to the advancement of information technology by establishing a mega Electronic Government (EG) project in the form of a Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) amidst the legacy systems. This paper seeks to demonstrate the nature of the EG initiatives and the legacy systems and discusses how the National Archives of Malaysia responded to the mounting pressure to address records management problems associated with the legacy systems and the EG.

The purpose of this paper is to study the governance structure in the ancient Melaka Kingdom (1401–1511 AD) using historical Hukum Kanun Melaka (the Land Law) and Undang-Undang Laut Melaka (the Maritime Law). The focus is on self-correction, control and accountability that were used to preserve the peace and well-being of society and the overall harmony of the community during the period.

The study employs close readings to discover and identify implicit formal and thematic elements of the texts into a meaningful enactment. The study is based on historical archival research at the National Archives of Malaysia and at the National Library of Malaysia.

Though classical, the underlying accounting practices were shown to consummate in an articulated model of measurement activities based on specific proportion of gold in tahil measurement, used for slaves, free men and stolen animal and property value. Controls were established through punishment and penalty. Accountability functioned in different levels and degrees hierarchically and horizontally.

The study excludes the improved sections of the laws that are based on the Islamic perspective. The discussion is limited to the indigenous adat sections of laws only although the sections may inseparable with the Hindu/Buddhist tradition.

A study of these classical laws would be a reference for accounting publication in the Malay world which has been stationed in the gallery for many years, awaiting discovery.

This article looks at how the Far Eastern countries of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) practise records management. It outlines early and current influences from Britain, America and Australia and describes the different stages of records management development which each of the various nations has reached. Although changes in the laws and increased cost of rent have had an impact on current records management practice, technology seems set to play a significant role in the future, particularly with Singapore, the world's largest producers of disc drives and a major computer manufacturing country, amongst the ASEAN members. To date it has been IT and MIS personnel who have taken control of implementing the latest technology and not always in an appropriate manner. This article predicts that there will be great competition for leadership positions in the information industry over the next few years and that personnel in the three disciplines of librarian, archivist and records manager, need to position themselves near enough to fill these positions at the first opportunity.