Search results
1 – 2 of 2Nasirullah, Pravin Kumar and Rizwan Shariff
Nutraceuticals which have nutritional and therapeutic properties cannot be consumed directly due to their off flavor hence, a carrier in the form of microcapsules may be a better…
Abstract
Purpose
Nutraceuticals which have nutritional and therapeutic properties cannot be consumed directly due to their off flavor hence, a carrier in the form of microcapsules may be a better option for their application in foods. The purpose of this paper is to describe the preparation of nutraceutical barriers as microcapsulels.
Design/methodology/approach
Nutraceutical concentrates were isolated using methanol from sesame (Sesamum indicum), linseeds (Linum usitatissimum), black mustard (Brassica napus), yellow mustard (Brassica compestris) and niger seeds (Guizotai abyssinica) employing established protocol. These concentrates were further purified, enriching active ingredients using column chromatography to remove hydrocarbons, gums and other non‐polar inactive materials. These purified concentrates were subjected for sesamol, tocopherol, polyphenol and β‐carotene estimations. Subsequently, they were converted into microcapsules using spray drying, inclusion complexation and liposomal entrapment techniques.
Findings
The scanning electron microscope image of the spray‐dried nutraceutical concentrates isolated from sesame seeds showed that microcapsules were spherical in shape with 5‐25 μm in diameter with mean particle size of 10 μm with smooth outer surface and bee net like inner structure which yielded a uniform and smooth wall of microcapsules. Thickness of the wall was found to be 2‐5 μm. Sesamol, tocopherol, polyphenol and β‐carotene found to be ranging between 35,600 and 0; 14,520 and 890; 35,800 and 5,900 and 890 and 290 ppm. The encapsulation efficiency of spray drying, inclusion complexation and liposomal entrapment was 75.5, 54 and 58 percent, respectively, which considered to be good efficiency. The moisture content of the powders were found to be between 4 and 5 percent. The difference between the highest and the lowest moisture content at each relative humidity was about 0.5 percent. The percent nutraceutical concentrate adhering to the surface of granules during above encapsulation ranged between 1 and 5.5 percent.
Originality/value
Much work has been done on the nutraceuticals but information is very scarce on nutraceutical carriers. To carry the nutraceuticals to the site of delivery in intact form, nutraceutical carriers are inevitable. This paper describes how to prepare nutraceutical carriers as microcapsules by using spray drying, complexation and liposome entrapment procedures to obtain stable granules which can be used in food applications.
Details
Keywords
Samsul Islam, Yangyan Shi, Jashim Uddin Ahmed and Mohammad Jasim Uddin
The issue of empty truck trips is largely ignored in the current literature. In order to cover this important research gap, the purpose of this paper is to explore, describe…
Abstract
Purpose
The issue of empty truck trips is largely ignored in the current literature. In order to cover this important research gap, the purpose of this paper is to explore, describe, categorize and rank the potential truck-sharing constraints for container trucks traveling empty around the port gates.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to contribute empirically to the current body of knowledge and understandings of truck-sharing constraints, this paper adopts a multi-method empirical approach involving both qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaire surveys.
Findings
Among many key constraints that influence the future of truck-sharing opportunities, the authors determine, for example, that a carrier’s ability to earn the trust of its competitors is one of the top most important factors of success for a fruitful truck-sharing event. The problem is, perhaps, further complicated because of the increasing competitive environment in the container transport industry, as well as the lack of effective coordination between the key parties involved.
Research limitations/implications
None of the earlier studies has provided a broad understanding and ranking of the truck-sharing constraints that should be considered in truck-sharing events, although the empty trips issue has been limitedly mentioned in the recent academic literature.
Practical implications
Empty truck trips are wasted miles. Wasted empty miles decrease transport capacity in the container distribution chain along with causing an increase in carbon emission, traffic congestion, fuel consumption and environmental pollution. The research results can be used by policy makers to underpin effective measures to prevent the low utilization of trucks.
Originality/value
This study addresses an important gap. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in the area that ranks truck-sharing constraints to reduce empty trucks trips.
Details