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The inhibition effect of Foeniculum vulgare seeds’ (FVS) extract on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium was studied using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization, as well as the surface morphology of the mild steel.

Weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy analysis of FVS extract were performed.

FVS extract acts as a good inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl. The inhibition efficiency increases with the increase in inhibitor concentration but decreases with the increase of temperature.

FVS extract was observed to play an important role in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic solution.

This paper is intended to be added to the family of green inhibitors which are highly efficient inhibitors and can be used in the area of corrosion prevention and control.

The purpose of this paper is to study the inhibition effect of (6-phenyl-3-oxopyridazin-2-yl) acetohydrazide (GP4) on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium by gravimetric measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

Weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic tests and EIS were performed during this study.

(6-phenyl-3-oxopyridazin-2-yl) acetohydrazide (GP4) was found to be a very efficient inhibitor for mild steel in 1.0 M HCl solution, reaching about 85 per cent with inhibitor concentration 1.0 × 10-3 M at 303 K.

(6-phenyl-3-oxopyridazin-2-yl) acetohydrazide (GP4) was found to play an important role in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic solution.

This paper is intended to be added to the family of pyridazine derivatives which are highly efficient inhibitors and can be used in the area of corrosion prevention and control.

This paper aims to study the effects of Zygophyllum album (Za) (Z. album) in hypercholesterolemic-diabetic rats.

Male Wistar rats (n = 36) weighing 200 ± 10 g, consumed an experimental diet containing 20 per cent casein were divided into three groups (n = 12). The first group consumed the diet enriched with 1 per cent cholesterol (CH), the second group is rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg body weight) (D) (DM). The third group is hypercholesterolemic and STZ-induced diabetic (CH-DM); each group was subdivided into two groups (n = 6), non-treated groups (CH, DM and CH-DM) and treated groups supplemented with 1 per cent Z. album lyophilized aqueous extract (CH-Z, DM-Z and CH-DM-Z).

In CH-DM group, Z. album decreases glycemia (−15 per cent) and inversely increases insulinemia (+28 per cent) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (+19 per cent). In liver, total cholesterol (TC) and triacyglycerols (TAG) levels were reduced by −57 per cent and −29 per cent, respectively. In plasma, TC concentration was increased by +20 per cent, whereas those of TAG level were lowered by −56 per cent. Lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase and paraoxonase 1 activities were raised by +45 and +59 per cent, respectively. Inversely, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels were lowered significantly in liver, heart, kidney and adipose tissue (p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity was enhanced in liver (+54 per cent), heart (+36 per cent), kidney (+45 per cent) and adipose tissue (59 per cent). Liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was enhanced by +38 per cent and heart activities of GSH-Px, and glutathione reductase (GSSH-Red) were increased by +25 and +18 per cent. In kidney, GSH-Px activity was reduced by −26 per cent; in reverse, GSSH-Red activity was increased by +14 per cent. In adipose tissue, GSH-Px and GSSH-Red activities were augmented by +35 and +15 per cent.

These results suggest that Z. album aqueous extract has antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipemic actions. Also, Z. album protects against tissue oxidative damage; therefore, it can help to prevent cardiovascular complications of diabetes combined with hypercholesterolemia.

The rapid development in the circular economy phenomenon raises the prospects of potential tension between the existing accounting practices and the principles of circular economy. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the barriers to adapting the current accounting practices to circular economy implementation.

The study uses exploratory qualitative study design, and semi-structured interviews were conducted among professional accountants in Ghana. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit respondents, and data saturation was achieved with 45 respondents. Data collection and analysis were undertaken concurrently and emerging themes were investigated as the study progressed.

The results indicate that there are several barriers to adapting the current accounting practices to circular economy implementation. The specific barriers as revealed in the data analysis are: accounting reporting barriers, financial/economic barriers, technological barriers, managerial/behavioral barriers, organizational barriers and institutional barriers.

The study responded to a global call by coalition circular accounting to identify and potentially over accounting related challenges that impedes the transition to circular economy. The study’s originality stems from the fact that it explores the issue from a developing country perspective, which has received limited attention in the extant literature.

This study aims to analyze the effects of COVID-19 on airlines, airports and the destination Andalusia. On that basis, the study has assessed the bankruptcy of some airlines, closure and reduction of the frequency of air routes, COVID-19 measures at airports by governments, etc., to adapt to new circumstances, be efficient and plan their resources according to the tourist demand.

A review of the relevant literature on the impact of COVID-19 on the aviation industry, airports and tourism sector are undertaken to understand the link between them. The paper begins by explaining the effects of the pandemic on the aviation industry and discusses its impact in the Andalusian region. Furthermore, this study uses secondary data from IATA, AENA, EUROCONTROL, INE, OAG, UNTWO, etc., to support research results.

The results of the effects of the pandemic in Andalusia are being devastating and this destination is heavily dependent on tourism. The drastic drop in flight frequencies at airports during the pandemic has caused an average decrease of −65% in passenger arrivals at airports until October 2020 that is 23 million passengers, too many passengers for the Andalusian economy, which depends mainly on the tourism sector.

The study contributes toward assessing the COVID-19 effects on the aviation industry and tourist destinations. Both sectors will re-emerge in the medium term and at different speeds in different regions. The contribution of this study is essential for managers and operators of airlines, airports and tourist destinations to make better future decisions.

COVID-19 对安达卢西亚旅游业和航空业的影响

本研究旨在分析COVID-19对航空公司、机场和目的地安达卢西亚的影响。在此基础上, 研究评估了部分航空公司破产、关闭和减少航线班次、政府在机场采取的COVID-19措施等, 以适应新形势, 提高效率, 按需规划资源。

审查了关于COVID-19对航空业、机场和旅游部门影响的相关文献, 以了解它们之间的联系。文章首先解释了这一流行病对航空业的影响, 并分析了其对安达卢西亚地区的影响。本研究采用IATA、AENA、EUROCONTROL、INE 、UNTWO、OAG等机构的二手数据来支持研究结果。

安达卢西亚大流行的影响结果是毁灭性的, 这个目的地严重依赖旅游业。大流行期间, 机场的航班频次急剧下降, 导致安达卢西亚6个机场到2020年10月的旅客数量平均下降了−65%, 即2300万人次, 对于主要依靠旅游业的安达卢西亚经济来说, 旅客数量太多。

该研究有助于评估COVID-19对航空业和旅游目的地的影响。这两个行业将在中期内重新崛起, 并且在不同地区以不同的速度发展。本研究的贡献对于航空公司、机场和旅游目的地的管理者和经营者来说是非常必要的, 可以让他们在未来做出更好的决策。

Los efectos del COVID-19 en el turismo y sector aéreo andaluz

Este estudio tiene la finalidad de analizar los efectos del COVID-19 en las aerolíneas, aeropuertos y el destino Andalucía. Sobre esta base, el estudio ha valorado la quiebra de algunas aerolíneas, el cierre y reducción de la frecuencia de rutas aéreas, las medidas COVID-19 en los aeropuertos por parte de los gobiernos, etc., con la finalidad de adaptarse a las nuevas circunstancias, ser eficientes y planificar sus recursos según la demanda.

Se realiza una revisión de la literatura relevante sobre el impacto del COVID-19 en la industria de la aviación, los aeropuertos y el sector turístico para comprender el vínculo entre ellos. El artículo comienza explicando los efectos de la pandemia en la industria de la aviación y analiza su impacto en la región de Andalucía. Este estudio utiliza datos secundarios de IATA, AENA, EUROCONTROL, INE, OAG, UNTWO, etc., para respaldar los resultados de la investigación.

Los resultados de los efectos de la pandemia en Andalucía están siendo devastadores y este destino depende en gran medida del turismo. La drástica caída de la frecuencia de vuelos en los aeropuertos durante la pandemia ha provocado un descenso medio del −65% en las llegadas de pasajeros en los seis aeropuertos andaluces hasta octubre de 2020, es decir, 23 millones de pasajeros, demasiados pasajeros para una economía andaluza que depende principalmente del sector turístico.

El estudio contribuye a evaluar los efectos del COVID-19 en el sector aéreo y los destinos turísticos. Ambos sectores resurgirán a medio plazo y a distintas velocidades en diferentes regiones. La contribución de este estudio es fundamental para que los gestores y operadores de aerolíneas, aeropuertos y destinos turísticos tomen mejores decisiones futuras.

This paper aims to develop an initial understanding of the Lean Six Sigma methodology since its inception and examine the few Lean Six Sigma dimensions as a research domain through a critical review of the literature.

The paper is structured in two-part. The first part of the paper attempts to dwell on the evolution of the Lean Philosophy and Six Sigma methodology individually and the emergence of Lean Six Sigma methodology, covered under the Lean Six Sigma: a historical outline section. The second part of the study examines the dimensions associated with Lean Six Sigma such as frameworks, critical success factors, critical failure factors, type of industry, performance metric, year, publisher and journal, based on a total of 223 articles published in 72 reputed journals from the year 2000 to 2019 as a literature review.

The adoption of Lean Six Sigma, as a continuous improvement methodology, has grown enormously in the manufacturing and few service sectors such as health care and higher education during the past decade. The study revealed that researchers came out with conceptual frameworks for the implementation of Lean Six Sigma, whereas the validation through case studies seems to be lacking. The integration of Lean Six Sigma and other approaches with a focus on sustainability and the environment has emerged as a research field. A few of the most common critical success and failure factors were identified from the articles studied during the study.

This paper may not have included some of the studies due to the inaccessibility and selection criteria followed for the study.

This paper will provide an initial introduction on Lean, Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma and research insights Lean Six Sigma to beginners such as students, researchers and entry-level professionals.