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Article
Publication date: 5 March 2018

An investigation of the flow characteristics of multistage multiphase pumps

Jinya Zhang, Yongjiang Li, K. Vafai and Yongxue Zhang

Numerical simulations of a multistage multiphase pump at different operating conditions were performed to study the variational characteristics of flow parameters for each…

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Abstract

Purpose

Numerical simulations of a multistage multiphase pump at different operating conditions were performed to study the variational characteristics of flow parameters for each impeller. The simulation results were verified against the experimented results. Because of the compressibility of the gas, inlet volume flow rate qi and inlet flow angle ßi for each impeller decrease gradually from the first to the last stage. The volume flow rate at the entrance of the pump q, rotational speed n and inlet gas volume fraction (IGVF) affect the characteristics of qi and ßi.

Design/methodology/approach

The hydraulic design features of the impellers in the multistage multiphase pump are obtained based on the flow parameter characteristics of the pump. Using the hydraulic setup features, stage-by-stage design of the multistage multiphase pump for a nominal IGVF has been conducted.

Findings

The numerical simulation results show that hydraulic loss in impellers of the optimized pump is substantially reduced. Furthermore, the hydraulic efficiency of the optimized pump increases by 3.29 per cent, which verifies the validation of the method of stage-by-stage design.

Practical implications

Under various operating conditions, qi and ßi decrease gradually from the first to the fifth stage because of the compressibility of the gas. For this characteristic, the fluid behavior varies at each stage of the pump. As such, it is necessary to design impellers stage by stage in a multistage rotodynamic multiphase pump.

Social implications

These results will have substantial effect on various practical operations in the industry. For example, in the development of subsea oilfields, the conventional conveying equipment, which contains liquid-phase pumps, compressors and separators, is replaced by multiphase pumps. Multiphase pumps directly transport the mixture of oil, gas and water from subsea oilwells through a single pipeline, which can simplify equipment usage, decrease backpressure of the wellhead and save capital costs.

Originality/value

Characteristics of a multistage multiphase pump under different operating conditions were investigated along with features of the inlet flow parameters for every impeller at each compression stage. Our simulation results have established that the change in the inlet flow parameters of every impeller is mainly because of the compressibility of the gas. The operational parameters q, n and IGVF all affect the characteristics of qi and ßi. However, the IGVF has the most prominent effect. Lower values of IGVF have an insignificant effect on the gas compressibility. Higher values of IGVF have a significant effect on the gas compressibility. All these characteristics affect the hydraulic design of the impellers for a multistage multiphase pump. In addition, the machining precision should also be considered. Considering all these factors, when IGVF is lower than 10 per cent, all the impellers in the pump can be designed uniformly. When IGVF varies from 10 to 30 per cent, the first two stages should be designed separately, and the latter stages are uniform starting with the second stage. When IGVF varies from 30 to 50 per cent, the first three stages should be designed separately, and the latter stages are going to be similar to the third stage. An additional increase in IGVF results in degeneration of the differential pressure of the pump, which will reduce the compressibility of the gas. As such, it can be deduced that only the first three stages should be designed separately, and the latter stages will be similar to the third stage. In addition, for the pump working under a lower volume flow rate than 25 m3/h, the first three stages should be designed individually while keeping the geometrical structure of the subsequent stages the same as the third stage.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 28 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-06-2017-0252
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

  • Hydraulic design
  • Multiphase pump
  • Multistage multiphase pump
  • Subsea oilfields

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Article
Publication date: 6 August 2018

Numerical analysis for interphase forces of gas-liquid flow in a multiphase pump

Ming Liu, Shan Cao and Shuliang Cao

The modeling of interphase forces plays a significant role in the numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump, which deserves detailed study.

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Abstract

Purpose

The modeling of interphase forces plays a significant role in the numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump, which deserves detailed study.

Design/methodology/approach

Numerical analysis is conducted to estimate the influence of interphase forces, including drag force, lift force, virtual mass force, wall lubrication force and turbulent dispersion force.

Findings

The results show that the magnitude of the interphase forces can be sorted by: drag force > virtual mass force > lift force > turbulent dispersion force > wall lubrication force. The relations between interphase forces and velocity difference of gas–liquid flow and also the interphase forces and gas volume fraction are revealed. The distribution characteristics of interphase forces in the passages from impeller inlet to diffuser outlet are illustrated and analyzed. According to the results, apart from the drag force, the virtual mass force, lift force and turbulent dispersion force are required, whereas wall lubrication force can be neglected for numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump. Compared with the conventional numerical method which considers drag force only, the relative errors of predicted pressure rise and efficiency based on the proposed numerical method in account of four major forces can be reduced by 4.95 per cent and 3.00 per cent, respectively.

Originality value

The numerical analysis reveals the magnitude and distribution of interphase forces inside multiphase pump, which is meaningful for the simulation and design of multiphase pump.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 35 no. 6
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EC-04-2018-0161
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

  • Numerical simulation
  • Interphase forces
  • Rotodynamic multiphase pump

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1994

A multiphase formulation for two phase flows

E. Daniel, R. Saurel, M. Larini and J.C. Loraud

This paper investigates the multi‐phase behaviour of dropletsinjected into a nozzle at two separate wall locations. The physical featuresof the droplets (rate of mass…

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Abstract

This paper investigates the multi‐phase behaviour of droplets injected into a nozzle at two separate wall locations. The physical features of the droplets (rate of mass, density and radius) at each injector location are identical. This system can be described by a two‐phase Eulerian—Eulerian approach that yields classical systems of equations: three for the gaseous phase and three for the dispersed droplet phase. An underlying assumption in the two phase model is that no interaction occurs between droplets. The numerical solution of the model (using the MacCormack scheme) indicates however that the opposite jets do interact to form one jet. This inconsistency is overcome in the current paper by associating the droplets from a given injection location with a separate phase and subsequently solving equations describing a multiphase system (here, three‐phase system). Comparison of numerical predications between the two‐phase and the multiphase model shows significantly different results. In particular the multiphase model shows no jet interaction.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 4 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004107
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

  • Multiphase flow
  • Droplets
  • Eulerian—Eulerian approach
  • MacCormack scheme

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Article
Publication date: 4 April 2020

Design and performance analysis of novel multiphase induction motor with die-cast copper rotors using FEA for electric propulsion vehicles applications

Sathishkumar Kaliyavarathan and Sivakumaran T.S.

The purpose of this paper is to study the development of novel multiphase induction motor (MPIM) with copper die cast rotor in the drive system of electric propulsion…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the development of novel multiphase induction motor (MPIM) with copper die cast rotor in the drive system of electric propulsion vehicles (EPV). It is estimated that the manufacturers are concerned about high torque,Efficiency, motor life, energy conservation and high thermal tolerance. To ensure maximum torque and efficiency with multiphase winding and copper die cast technology to increasing high thermal tolerance, life, energy conversations. On other hand, it is very important of EPV application.

Design/methodology/approach

The focus of the investigation is threefold: the modified method carried out on MPIM both stator and rotor can overcome the current scenario problem facing by electric vehicles manufacture and developed perfect suitable electric motor for EPV applications. The design and simulation carried out finite element method (FEM) that was more accurate calculations. Finally developed prototype model of MPIM with copper die cast are discussed with conventional three phase Die casting Induction motor.

Findings

The paper confirmed the multiphase copper die-cast rotor induction motor (MDCrIM) is providing better performance than conventional motor. Proposed motor can bring additional advantage like heat tolerances, long life and energy conversations.

Originality/value

The experiments confirmed the MDCIM suitable for EPV Applications. The modified MDCIM of both stator and rotor are giving better result and good performance compared to conventional method.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 46 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CW-08-2019-0106
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

  • Multiphase copper die-cast induction motor
  • Electric propulsion vehicles
  • Copper dies cast technology
  • Finite element analysis

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Article
Publication date: 7 November 2016

Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors with fractional slot windings: The future of low speed drives?

Cezary Jedryczka, Wojciech Szelag and Zbigniew Jerry Piech

The purpose of this paper is to investigate advantages of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW). The…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate advantages of multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with fractional slot concentrated windings (FSCW). The investigation is based on comparative analysis and assessment of FSCW PMSM wound as 3, 6, 9 and 12 phase machines suited for low speed applications.

Design/methodology/approach

The investigations are focussed on distortions of back electromotive (emf) and magnetomotive force (mmf) with the torque ripples and motors’ performance taken into account. The finite element models with the aid of customized computer code have been adopted for motor winding design and back emf, mmf and motor performance analyses.

Findings

The novel multiphase winding layouts were found to offer lower content of sub-harmonics in the mmf waveforms compared with the traditional three-phase machine designs. Moreover, the investigated multiphase machines exhibited higher average value of the electromagnetic torque, while the multiphase PMSM machines with FSCW were further characterized by significantly lower torque pulsations.

Originality/value

The analyses presented in this paper demonstrate that PMSM with FSCW are advantageous to their counterpart three-phase machines. Specifically, they offer higher performance and are more suitable to work with multiple drives supplying segmented winding system. This ability of using multi-drive supply for one motor offers flexibility and cost reduction while increasing fault tolerant power train system.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 35 no. 6
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/COMPEL-03-2016-0120
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

  • Electric machines
  • Fractional slot concentrated windings
  • Multi-drive
  • Multi-star
  • Multiphase permanent magnet machines

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2005

Multiphase electromagnetic stirring of low conducting liquids

R. Ernst, D. Perrier, P. Brun and J. Lacombe

To produce a controlled stirring in a low conducting liquid thanks to a new kind of multiphase inductor.

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Abstract

Purpose

To produce a controlled stirring in a low conducting liquid thanks to a new kind of multiphase inductor.

Design/methodology/approach

An experimental pilot consisting of a cylindrical salt water pool surrounded by an innovative multiphase inductor configuration, based on the single phase asynchronous motor principle, is setup. The maximum bulk stirring velocities are measured and compared with the estimate by numerical modelling.

Findings

Shows the possibility of controlling the stirring of a low conducting liquid thanks to a multiphase inductive system. The corresponding measurement results give a significant bulk velocity of a few centimetres per second.

Practical implications

This new kind of multiphase inductor, working with a single phase induction generator, seems a promising way to produce a controlled stirring in low conducting media which cover a large range of induction applications.

Originality/value

Such an innovative inductor configuration has already been tested successfully for metal alloys stirring in the middle frequency area. In this paper, an extension of this kind of multiphase inductive system for electromagnetic stirring of low conducting liquids like electrolytes in the high frequency area is presented.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 24 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03321640510571534
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

  • Electromagnetism
  • Electromagnetic induction

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Article
Publication date: 4 November 2019

Numerical investigation of the POD reduced-order model for fast predictions of two-phase flows in porous media

Jingfa Li, Tao Zhang, Shuyu Sun and Bo Yu

This paper aims to present an efficient IMPES algorithm based on a global model order reduction method, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), to achieve the fast solution…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to present an efficient IMPES algorithm based on a global model order reduction method, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), to achieve the fast solution and prediction of two-phase flows in porous media.

Design/methodology/approach

The key point of the proposed algorithm is to establish an accurate POD reduced-order model (ROM) for two-phase porous flows. To this end, two projection methods including projecting the original governing equations (Method I) and projecting the discrete form of original governing equations (Method II) are respectively applied to construct the POD-ROM, and their distinctions are compared and analyzed in detail. It is found the POD-ROM established by Method I is inapplicable to multiphase porous flows due to its failed introduction of fluid saturation and permeability that locate on the edge of grid cell, which would lead to unphysical results.

Findings

By using Method II, an efficient IMPES algorithm that can substantially speed up the simulation of two-phase porous flows is developed based on the POD-ROM. The computational efficiency and numerical accuracy of the proposed algorithm are validated through three numerical examples, and simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithm displays satisfactory computational speed-up (one to two orders of magnitude) without sacrificing numerical accuracy obviously when comparing to the standard IMPES algorithm that without any acceleration technique. In addition, the determination of POD modes number, the relative errors of wetting phase pressure and saturation, and the influence of POD modes number on the overall performances of the proposed algorithm, are investigated.

Originality/value

1. Two projection methods are applied to establish the POD-ROM for two-phase porous flows and their distinctions are analyzed. The reason why POD-ROM is difficult to be applied to multiphase porous flows is clarified firstly in this study. 2. A highly efficient IMPES algorithm based on the POD-ROM is proposed to accelerate the simulation of two-phase porous flows. 3. Satisfactory computational speed-up (one to two orders of magnitude) and prediction accuracy of the proposed algorithm are observed under different conditions.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 29 no. 11
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-02-2019-0129
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

  • Porous media
  • Numerical methods
  • Two-phase flow
  • POD-ROM
  • IMPES algorithm

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Article
Publication date: 5 October 2015

Interphase force analysis for air-water bubbly flow in a multiphase rotodynamic pump

Zhiyi Yu, Baoshan Zhu and Shuliang Cao

Interphase forces between the gas and liquid phases determine many phenomena in bubbly flow. For the interphase forces in a multiphase rotodynamic pump, the magnitude…

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Abstract

Purpose

Interphase forces between the gas and liquid phases determine many phenomena in bubbly flow. For the interphase forces in a multiphase rotodynamic pump, the magnitude analysis was carried out within the framework of two-fluid model. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relative importance of various interphase forces on the mixed transport process, and the findings herein will be a base for the future study on the mechanism of the gas blockage phenomenon, which is the most challenging issue for such pumps.

Design/methodology/approach

Four types of interphase forces, i.e. drag force, lift force, virtual mass force and turbulent dispersion force (TDF) were taken into account. By comparing with the experiment in the respect of the head performance, the effectiveness of the numerical model was validated. In conditions of different inlet gas void fractions, bubble diameters and rotational speeds, the magnitude analyses were made for the interphase forces.

Findings

The results demonstrate that the TDF can be neglected in the running of the multiphase rotodynamic pump; the drag force is dominant in the impeller region and the outlet extended region. The sensitivity analyses of the bubble diameter and the rotational speed were also performed. It is found that larger bubble size is accompanied by smaller predicted drag but larger predicted lift and virtual mass, while the increase of the rotational speed can raise all the interphase forces mentioned above.

Originality/value

This paper has revealed the magnitude information and the relative importance of the interphase forces in a multiphase rotodynamic pump.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 32 no. 7
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EC-10-2014-0210
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

  • Sensitivity analysis
  • Bubbly flow
  • Interphase force
  • Magnitude analysis
  • Multiphase rotodynamic pump
  • Two-fluid model

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Article
Publication date: 4 March 2019

A novel DTC scheme for a sensorless five-phase IM drive under open-phase fault

Hamdi Echeikh, Hichem Kesraoui, Ramzi Trabelsi, Atif Iqbal and Mohamed Faouzi Mimouni

This paper aims to deal with direct torque controller when the five-phase induction motor drive in faulty operation. Precisely, open-phase fault condition is contemplated…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to deal with direct torque controller when the five-phase induction motor drive in faulty operation. Precisely, open-phase fault condition is contemplated. Also, the DTC is combined with a speed-adaptive variable-structure observer based on sliding mode observer.

Design methodology/approach

Two novel features are presented. First, the concept of the virtual voltage vector is presented, which eliminates low-frequency harmonic currents and simplifies analysis. Second, speed information is introduced into the selection of the inverter states.

Findings

Direct torque control (DTC) is largely used in traditional three-phase drives as a backup to rotor-stator flux-oriented methods. The classic DTC strategy was primarily designed on the base of hysteresis controllers to control two independent variables (speed, torque and flux). Due to the additional degrees of freedom offered by multiphase machine, extensive works have been extended on the ensemble five-phase drives in healthy operation. In addition, the ability to continue the operation in faulty conditions is considering one of the main advantages of multiphase machines. One can find in the literature different approaches treating this subject. The applicability of DTC after the appearing of a fault has not been enclosed in the literature.

Originality/value

Theoretical development is presented in details followed by simulation results using Matlab/Simulink to analyze the performance of the drive, comparing with the behavior during healthy situation.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 38 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/COMPEL-01-2018-0036
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

  • Direct torque control (DTC)
  • Multiphase induction motor drives
  • Openphase fault operation

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Article
Publication date: 3 December 2018

Numerical study on crack propagation in linear elastic multiphase composite materials using phase field method

Xiang Li, Dongyang Chu, Yue Gao and Zhanli Liu

The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient numerical method to study the complex crack initiation and propagation in linear elastic multiphase composites.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient numerical method to study the complex crack initiation and propagation in linear elastic multiphase composites.

Design/methodology/approach

A phase field method is developed to study the complex fracture behavior in multiphase composites. A damage threshold is introduced for referring crack initiation in the proposed method. The damage threshold is assigned as a material property so that different composite components possess different thresholds. In this manner, smooth transition from crack initiation to propagation is revealed.

Findings

The proposed method is used to investigate complex crack evolution in mesoscale cementitious composite, which consists of aggregates, matrix and void pores. From a mesoscale point of view, it is found that cracks prefer to evolve within the matrix phase. As a crack encounters an aggregate, it tends to bypass the aggregate and evolve along the interface. Cracks tend to avoid to penetrate through aggregates. Also, cracks tend to be attracted by void pores. From a mesoscale point of view, it is revealed that the elastic modulus and strength of concrete models are closely related to porosity.

Originality/value

A criterion with a damage threshold is introduced to the proposed method. The criterions with and without a damage threshold are compared with each other in details. The proposed method is proven to be a useful tool to study mechanical behavior and crack evolution of brittle multiphase composites.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 36 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EC-03-2018-0116
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

  • Crack propagation
  • Heterogeneous material
  • Mesoscale cementitious composite
  • Multiphase composite
  • Phase field method

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