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Article
Publication date: 31 July 2020

Jingyu Pei, Xiaoping Wang, Leen Zhang, Yu Zhou and Jinyuan Qian

This paper aims to provide a series of new methods for projecting a three-dimensional (3D) object onto a free-form surface. The projection algorithms presented can be divided into…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to provide a series of new methods for projecting a three-dimensional (3D) object onto a free-form surface. The projection algorithms presented can be divided into three types, namely, orthogonal, perspective and parallel projection.

Design/methodology/approach

For parametric surfaces, the computing strategy of the algorithm is to obtain an approximate solution by using a geometric algorithm, then improve the accuracy of the approximate solution using the Newton–Raphson iteration. For perspective projection and parallel projection on an implicit surface, the strategy replaces Newton–Raphson iteration by multi-segment tracing. The implementation takes two mesh objects as an example of calculating an image projected onto parametric and implicit surfaces. Moreover, a comparison is made for orthogonal projections with Hu’s and Liu’s methods.

Findings

The results show that the new method can solve the 3D objects projection problem in an effective manner. For orthogonal projection, the time taken by the new method is substantially less than that required for Hu’s method. The new method is also more accurate and faster than Liu’s approach, particularly when the 3D object has a large number of points.

Originality/value

The algorithms presented in this paper can be applied in many industrial applications such as computer aided design, computer graphics and computer vision.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 38 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 January 2012

Eric H. Shaw

The purpose of this paper is to organize the semantics jungle of marketing strategy approaches, terms and concepts into a logically coherent framework using the history of…

30265

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to organize the semantics jungle of marketing strategy approaches, terms and concepts into a logically coherent framework using the history of marketing thought to inform current marketing research and practice.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper takes the form of an intensive literature review tracing the three streams of marketing strategy terms and concepts from their roots in the literatures of early marketing management, managerial economics and corporate management to the present.

Findings

Along with marketing ideas, strategy concepts from managerial economics and from corporate management were absorbed directly into the corpus of strategic marketing thought. These three streams of research have converged into the current state of marketing strategy – an eclectic mixture of both complementary and conflicting strategic approaches, terms and concepts. By systematically following the evolutionary development of major contributions to strategic marketing thought and by redefining terms and refining concepts the various approaches to strategy can be integrated into a comprehensive conceptual framework for organizing and choosing among individual marketing strategies.

Originality/value

The framework offers conceptual and practical value. It provides a researcher with a consistent set of terms and concepts to build upon. The framework also provides a strategic toolkit for the marketing manager, based upon organizational and environmental conditions, to choose from among the feasible alternatives the most effective marketing strategy to achieve management's goal(s).

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 29 December 2020

Glenny Alawag

This paper aims to understand real earnings management behavior in the context of a parent–subsidiary relationship. It explores the differences between business groups and firms…

1452

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to understand real earnings management behavior in the context of a parent–subsidiary relationship. It explores the differences between business groups and firms that do not have controlled subsidiaries and provides potential explanations for any measured difference.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses the random-effects generalized least squares (GLS) estimation to find the difference between the real earnings management behavior of business groups, represented by the ultimate parent firms and the nonparent firms from 73 countries.

Findings

The results show that ultimate parent firms have lower abnormal production costs and abnormal discretionary expenses than nonparent firms. In contrast, parent firms have higher abnormal cash flow from operations (CFO) than nonparent firms. The results are unexpected because abnormal production costs usually have a dominant direct relationship with abnormal CFO. The results indicate that business groups use a route different from manipulating production costs and discretionary expenses.

Research limitations/implications

The results reveal that parent firms use a route different from manipulating production costs and discretionary expenses. The results can be used to extend the discussion to specific business group cases, such as tracing the route or allocation of real earnings management (REM) pressure from a parent firm to its listed and private subsidiaries, and if the consolidation of minority voting rights and the transitivity of control affect the behavior in its subsidiaries.

Originality/value

Instead of the degree of diversification or affiliation, this paper investigates REM behavior based on the parent firm's control of its subsidiaries. With this approach, the study argues that business groups prefer a route other than manipulating production costs and discretionary expenses. The results may redirect the attention of regulators to the activities of parent firms that need more policing.

Details

Asian Journal of Accounting Research, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2443-4175

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 11 June 2019

Ning Jing

This paper aims to propose a liquid level sensor with a multi-S-bend plastic optical fiber.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a liquid level sensor with a multi-S-bend plastic optical fiber.

Design/methodology/approach

The principle of liquid sensing used is based on the leakage of higher modes out of the fiber and repeated regeneration in the following bend sections. Therefore, a propagation loss was introduced in every bend section of the fiber with the loss depending on the refractive index of the environment.

Findings

Therefore, a continue shift in the liquid level can be detected by observing changes in the propagation loss of the fiber. The sensor features compactness and a flexible resolution.

Originality/value

Compared with the exited ones, the sensor has capability of continue liquid measurement and a greater measurement range.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 39 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 July 2019

Rayenda Khresna Brahmana, Doddy Setiawan and Chee Wooi Hooy

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the presence of controlling shareholder affects the value of diversification based on Indonesian listed firms. It further…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the presence of controlling shareholder affects the value of diversification based on Indonesian listed firms. It further examines whether the degree of controlling ownership and the types of controlling ownership matter.

Design/methodology/approach

Panel data were used over the period 2006-2010 with dynamic generalised method-of-moments estimations and it defined diversification as industrial diversification, international diversification or diversification in both. A few different thresholds for the control rights of the largest shareholder are also set.

Findings

The results show that industrial diversification improves firm value but international diversification does not, while diversified in both strategies discounted firm value. The presence of a controlling shareholder is found to have a significant diversification discount, and the effect is nonlinear, where the entrenchment effect occurs around 20 to60 per cent threshold of controlling across all types of diversified firms. Last, foreign firms are found to enjoy more value from industrial diversification, but it takes an adverse turn when these involve both diversification strategies. Government firms do not seem to be different from family firms.

Research limitations/implications

The study shows the need to differentiate diversification strategies and account for non-linearity and ownership identity in modelling diversification value. Also, the degree of shareholders’ control can be a significant channel to address the agency issue on diversification value.

Practical implications

Under the backdrop of unique Indonesian corporate ownership, the presence of controlling owners is shown, and their ownership affects the value of diversification. The entrenchment effect however appears only at a certain range of ownership. This is a crucial guide for the shareholders to ensure an appropriate monitoring system is installed to maximize the shareholder’s value, especially in family firms.

Originality/value

The value of this paper is twofold. At first, the first empirical evidence on the diversification debate with Indonesian firms for its unique institutional setting is presented. Second, the standard modelling framework to investigate the types of ownership on diversification value is extended, which has rarely been covered in previous investigations.

Details

Journal of Asia Business Studies, vol. 13 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1558-7894

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 July 2017

Peeyush Pandey, Bhavin J. Shah and Hasmukh Gajjar

Due to the ever increasing concern toward sustainability, suppliers nowadays are evaluated on the basis of environmental performances. The data on supplier’s performance are not…

Abstract

Purpose

Due to the ever increasing concern toward sustainability, suppliers nowadays are evaluated on the basis of environmental performances. The data on supplier’s performance are not always available in quantitative form and evaluating supplier on the basis of qualitative data is a challenging task. The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for the selection of suppliers by evaluating them on the basis of both quantitative and qualitative data.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature on sustainability, green supply chain and lean practices related to supplier selection is critically reviewed. Based on this, a two phase fuzzy goal programming approach integrating hyperbolic membership function is proposed to solve the complex supplier selection problem.

Findings

Results obtained through the proposed approach are compared to the traditional models (Jadidi et al., 2014; Ozkok and Tiryaki, 2011; Zimmermann, 1978) of supplier selection and were found to be optimal as it achieves higher aspiration level.

Practical implications

The proposed model is adaptive to solve real world problems of supplier selection as all criteria do not possess the same weights, so the managers can change the criteria and their weights according to their requirement.

Originality/value

This paper provides the decision makers a robust framework to evaluate and select sustainable supplier based on both quantitative and qualitative data. The results obtained through the proposed model achieve greater satisfaction level as compared to those achieved by traditional methods.

Details

Benchmarking: An International Journal, vol. 24 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-5771

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 January 2022

Shoufeng Ji, Yaoting Xue and Guosong Zhu

The Physical Internet (PI) application in a supply chain is explored by automakers to achieve a digital supply chain to challenge timely delivery while maintaining high customised…

153

Abstract

Purpose

The Physical Internet (PI) application in a supply chain is explored by automakers to achieve a digital supply chain to challenge timely delivery while maintaining high customised production at the lowest operating cost.

Design/methodology/approach

A bi-objective mixed integer model is formulated, where production is performed in multistage manufacturing systems (MMS) and then delivered in a two-level distribution system. Next, a hybrid iterative method algorithm is developed to solve the practical-scale problem within an admissible time. Finally, PI's benefits on production and supply chain operation are discussed through extensive computational experiments in different supply chain configurations.

Findings

Three significant findings are obtained. First, PI can achieve a comparable or better service level, while the cost is always lower. Second, PI can improve the utilisation of production and transportation resources. Third, with a more complex supply chain and a higher production cost or truck fixed cost, PI's advantages over traditional supply chain become more vigorous, but the increase in orders will weaken it.

Practical implications

The auto enterprise should adopt a PI-enabled supply chain (PI-SC), especially with the increase of network complexity and specific cost factors.

Social implications

Importance should be attached to the PI-SC to make customers better involved in the supply chain.

Originality/value

First, the application of PI in the existing plant is described. Second, MMS production with multi-mode transportation is jointly scheduled. Third, the decision support of the PI-SC is provided for auto enterprises.

Article
Publication date: 1 March 1992

Rick Brown

Considers the development of the culture of innovation and how theconcept can be beneficial in business. Examines the application ofmarketing innovation (new products) and…

1682

Abstract

Considers the development of the culture of innovation and how the concept can be beneficial in business. Examines the application of marketing innovation (new products) and technological innovation which is not market driven. Illustrates the growth of innovative products through “S” curves and Product‐Life Cycles. Concludes that innovation needs to be encouraged by managers, albeit within a controlled framework that maximizes the inherent benefits, flexibility and emphasis on the need for change being central to the successful implementation of such a programme.

Details

Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, vol. 7 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0885-8624

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2000

K. Han, D. Peric, A.J.L. Crook and D.R.J. Owen

In the first part of this series of papers on the combined finite/discrete element simulation of shot peening processes, different contact interaction laws for 2D cases are…

1237

Abstract

In the first part of this series of papers on the combined finite/discrete element simulation of shot peening processes, different contact interaction laws for 2D cases are extensively studied with special attention given to the proper selection of the parameter values involved, which is one of the key issues for successful direct simulation. In addition, computational issues including contact forces, partial contact, energy dissipation, and rheological representation are addressed. Numerical examples for a single shot impact system simulated by the coupled finite/discrete element method using different interaction laws are provided to verify the proposed approaches. The results are also compared with those obtained by using only finite element methods. Findings obtained by performing 2D simulations will, in the subsequent article, be used in realistic computational simulations of 3D shot peening processes.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 17 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1987

PERA is launching a project to increase the potential applications of pultrusion, giving new confidence to end users in the quality and reliability of pultruded material.

Abstract

PERA is launching a project to increase the potential applications of pultrusion, giving new confidence to end users in the quality and reliability of pultruded material.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 59 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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